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Title:	在「抒情傳統」之外：官方文學論述研究的省思
Other Titles:	Beyond Lyrical Tradition: A Review on Official Treatise
Authors:	曾守正 Tseng, Shou-Cheng
Keywords:	詩教;文學思想;四庫全書總目;詩文評類;官方論述 Shi-Jiao;literature thoughts;Si Ku Quan Shu Zong Mu;Shi Wen Ping Lei;official treatise
Date:	2007-12
Issue Date:	2010-08-31 16:44:32 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	在中國先秦、兩漢時期，「詩教」及其相屬的術語（諸如「詩言志」、「興觀群怨」、「以意逆志」、「知人論世」「溫柔敦厚」、「變風」、「變雅」、「比興」等等），已逐漸發展出一個以現實功利、政治教化為核心的概念群。但這些概念，有的可從「抒情傳統」予以解釋，有的卻被視為非文學的、非藝術的、非抒情的，而遭到貶抑，甚至排斥。如此一來，我們則難以掌握「以詩為教」的歷史樣貌與文化意義，當然，由此所建構的文學思想史圖像，亦有闕陋與遮蔽。在中國文學思想史中，官方論述往往是「詩教」的護衛者。不同朝代的「詩教」論述，表層或許相似，但內在卻有不同的肌理脈絡，而其肌理脈絡又可謂為當代關懷的刻畫痕跡，實不宜小覷。此外，官方意識通常被視為具有霸權的、保守的意識，可是霸權與保守的形成，應起於對治某些問題，甚至起於某種集體焦慮。當官方意識成為語言論述，在相對單元的社會結構中，自然產生一定積極支配或濡化浸染的力量，而逐漸掩蓋意識在萌動之初，對治問題的情緒感受、企圖目標。因此，我們若能面對中國文學思想（史）中的官方論述，重新爬梳釐清，應可豐富文學思想（史）的樣貌，並且可以補充「抒情傳統」內容的罅隙，進而掌握整體文化特質。清代《四庫全書總目》是中國十八世紀中後期最具代表性的官方論述著作，其中蘊藏豐富「詩教」觀念，可是這部著作卻長期未受文學思想史研究者重視，因此本文擬以《四庫全書總目》「詩文評類」研究為例，省思官方文學論述的研究問題。 In Chinese pre-Chirn period, Shi-Jiao and related terms has gradually developed a conceptual system based on political oriented education and utilitarian realism. Some of these concepts can be interpreted in terms of lyrical tradition. Others however were viewed as non-literature, unaesthetic, and were rejected. Therefore it is difficult for us to grasp the operation of Shi-Jiao and to unmask the workings of literature thoughts. In Chinese literature thoughts, official treatise as a rule is a defender of Shi-Jiao. Shi-Jiao of different dynasties may appear to be similar at the first glance. But in fact there are significant differences in their contents. Official ideology is generally considered to be authoritarian and conservative. However the creation of conservativeness and authoritarianism comes from collective apprehensiveness. When official ideology is put in written form, its manipulative power masked the original cause of its creation. Therefore if we can clarify the official treatise in Chinese literature thoughts, it would enrich our understanding to Chinese literature thoughts, lyrical tradition, and cultural characteristic as a whole. The late 18 century Qing dynasty Si Ku Quan Shu is the best representative of official treatise. It contains a wealth of Shi-Jiao concepts. However its importance has been long neglected. In this article we will use Si Ku Quan Shu Zong Mu Shi Wen Ping Lei as an example to illustrate the study of official treatise.
Relation:	淡江大學中文學報, 17, 327-350
Data Type:	article
Appears in Collections:	[Department of Chinese Literature] Periodical Articles

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