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    Title: 政府業務委託外包之決策模式、標準化作業程序及契約訂定之研究
    Authors: 施能傑;李宗勳
    Contributors: 行政院人事行政局
    中央警察大學行政管理學系{台灣透明組織協會}
    Keywords: 委託經營;簽約外包;民營化;決策模式;標準作業程序;契約管理;contract out;privatization;decision model;S.o.p.;contract management;公共行政
    Date: 2003
    Issue Date: 2010-07-10 16:21:28 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 壹、研究緣起與問題一個開放、多元、民主化的社會中,民主治理意指中央、區域與地方各層級的政府之間,政府與民間部門之間,共同參與公共事務與活動,共同管制與協調合作的一種政府與社會的新互動模式,藉此共同承擔國家各項建設的工作與責任。因此,如何在觀念上建立公私部門互信與合作的基礎,政府組織如何反映國家總體建設的政策目標,文官體系如何重新角色定位,官僚體系如何更具代表性、回應性與責任性,政策過程如何更具開放性與透明性,乃至如何培育具有前瞻性視野與高度民主素養的未來治理人才等,均為當前公共行政研究與實務的重要課題。文官體制改革,需要透過包括跨域政策與管理的能力、公私協力的理念與行動共同投入,才有實踐與成功的機會;而在營造政府與民間的夥伴關係過程,彼此間應認知到公私協力決不僅止於「減輕」政府機關的負擔而已!更在引進民間活力、創新與競爭機制,改變政府機關「永久的、公立的、非營利的」不行動體質!「創造政府的附加價值」將成為改革的核心,透過公私協力合作的新平衡關係、文化謀合與互動學習經驗,創造高附加價值的政府。由於政府業務龐雜、屬性不盡一致,適合採用的委外模式多元,因此亟待對於委外經營的決策模式、標準化的作業程序有所框定或標舉,對於契約訂定與管理也應該提列參考要素,俾便提供實務界參考應用;因此,回答下面三個問題是本研究的主要目的: 一、一般實務機關的委外經營是如何被決定的?合理的委外經營之決策模式應為何?二、標準化的委外經營之作業程序應包括哪些項目與步驟?三、委外經營的契約如何訂定?如何做好契約管理? 貳、研究方法與流程本研究採用文獻探討、網路資料搜尋、實務個案座談、參與觀察(應邀實際參與委外審查與評鑑)等方法蒐集所需資料。研究流程詳如圖一,主要流程先從框定本研究的委外範疇與類別著手,接著逐一回顧相關文獻並建立研究的理論基礎,並同步檢視國外的重要推動經驗與我國推動的歷程與現況,進而綜合這些理論與國內外的實務經驗研提本研究個案檢證的座談議題與相關調查表格,在委託單位人事行政局的全力協助下分別於北、中、南舉辦三場實務座談,共計有三十八個單位將近六十人出席,形成政府、民間與學者專家共同匯談交流的「學習平台」,突破過往所呈現的單向意見表達之侷限,帶動相互促進與組際學習之效果。四個標竿個案,對於與會政府機關代表與民間業者之「視野拓張」與「觀念轉換」,效益極為顯著。 參、重要發現與建議一、圖六-1委外決策模式流程與期程適用各種政府業務委外類別,惟其中有關機關內部服務與事務委外、機關內部設施與資產委外兩類因為委外規模或業務屬性較為單純,因此在委外營運可行性這個決策階段可以略過或採取內部自行評估等簡易過程,不一定要委託外部專家或學者進行專業評估各種委外方案的法制與效益、財務與政治可行性。 二、圖六-2 標準作業流程原則上適用各種政府業務委外類別,惟在委託招商服務階段,部分業務委外單純或經費額度在法定之下的委外項目則不須委託招商作業規劃服務,可省略圖中第八至十的作業程序,由內部的規劃評估小組自行辦理,不必委託顧問公司進行招商服務案。三、圖六-3委外契約研訂與管理思維顯示契約的研訂需要由委託單位依照業務委外屬性與規模額度,決定採取內部自行評估或借助外部專業籌組審查委員會進行討論框定,繼而透過法定公開招標過程遴薦得標對象,雙方對契約內容進行協商後簽訂契約,並依照契約規範透過組織結構形式監督、使用者與社會大眾的過程監督、管理指標的評鑑查核(包含書面評鑑或派員查核)等管道進行管理,針對管理效果要求限期改善或予以獎勵,最後在期滿前決定終止委外關係、或讓得標代理者優先續約、或重新招標。Outsourcing of businesses or Contracting out is the major value of our government reform.At present, we need to review and promopt if those direction of important steps are right, all task is to be carried in right tone.Outsourcing some businesses is originally to prevent government monopoly every political-economic activity,different public affairs need different strategic to execute.Deal with people?H?Hs public demend need unify multi resource to resolve together . Global democracy trend has an tendency to more democracize to deal with people?H?Hs problem.To sum up, before government handle the legitimacy and resource to serve citizen , government is asked to understand the demend of citizen.If we could invited which are to be served to take part in discuss and plan, and then consensus is more easily to be construct,program is more connect with core mission,and action is more energetic. This democratic governance concern most is about what government?H?Hs management behavior in public affairs,include where to get resource ,who and how to support goods and services . All those things need to basic in democratic principle, cann?H?Ht violate the commitment for individual freedom and duty,obey citizen sovereignty and political equity,faith in reliability and stability of procedure. In face of globalization influence,the critical to successful meet challenge ,our government need make dramatical reform .At present government reform is not only to take internal administrative or organizational restruct,downsize human resource,and more important is to borrow from civil society?H?Hs revitalization and creation, to banish bureaucracy, to loose government habitus,to change government?H?Hs elemental inaction . The purpose of this paper is not to challenge if right or wrong of outsourcing, instead of is to research which kind outsourcing of businesses is an good way to contract out? For what goal? Fitly to take which implement tool? And this paper will also study those problem include promopt outsource in future need what argument warrant, what performance have been accomplished? How to management and where to go after outsource transition?Especially to provide the new vision and deliberative argument public sophere.
    Relation: 應用研究
    委託研究
    研究期間: 9203~9212
    研究經費: 600 千元
    Description: 計畫主持人
    Data Type: report
    Appears in Collections:[Department of Public Administration] Research Reports

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