Reference: | 【中文部分】 一、論文 林淳華(1994):《新聞記者自主權之研究》,國立政治大學新聞研究所碩士論文。 高峰榮(1969):《新聞專業化之研究》,國立政治大學新聞研究所碩士論文。 袁乃娟(1986):《電視新聞相關人員的專業態度研究》,國立政治大學新聞研究所碩士論文。 孫沛芬(1998):《無線電視與衛星新聞頻道記者組織溝通、專業性與工作滿意度關連之比較》,國立政治大學新聞研究所碩士論文。 許瓊文(1998):《SNG衛星直播科技對電視新聞製作流程與內容影響之初探》,國立交通大學傳播研究所碩士論文。 陳碧珍(1981):《我國新聞從業人員專業性及其處理新聞之關聯性研究-以報紙國會記者為研究對象》,國立政治大學新聞研究所碩士論文。 陳運璞(1986):《我國電視新聞守門人之研究-以台視晚間新聞為例》,國立政治大學新聞研究所碩士論文。 陶允正(1994):《記者個人屬性、專業意理與如何選擇接近消息來源之相關性探討-以台北市議會記者為例》,私立輔仁大學大眾傳播研究所碩士論文。 張舒斐(1998):《電視新聞記者專業價值觀之研究》,私立銘傳大學傳播管理所碩士論文。 黃朝義(1997):〈犯罪傳真機?從白曉燕綁架案談犯罪新聞即時報導之法律責任〉,《法律與你》,第110期,112-120頁。 隋安德(1998):〈不要讓SNG變成Super No Good -電視台與媒體老闆難辭其咎〉,《目擊者》,第五期,48-49頁。 張馨方(1998):〈危機新聞,新聞危機-談電視新聞的亂象〉,《新聞鏡周刊》,第四九二期,22-25頁。 裘 震(1991):〈美電視網預算水漲船高〉,《新聞鏡周刊》,第一二三期。 楊 喬(1998):〈由公車遭挾持事件談SNG現場直播問題〉,《新聞鏡周刊》,第四九六期,9-11頁。 詹慶齡(1998):〈SNG應以人為本-在灰色地帶檢討省思與求取進步〉,《目擊者》,第五期,52-53頁。 廣 林(1994):〈SNG考驗記者能力〉,《新聞鏡周刊》,第二五八期,16-17頁。 劉俊宏(1998):〈臺灣的SNG氾濫奇蹟-電視新聞的瑣碎膚淺化〉,《目擊者》,第五期,56-57頁。 謝佳珍(1999):〈SNG表現,比深度不必比快速;人道優先,獨家不是唯一價值〉,《新聞鏡周刊》,第五七三期,16-19頁。 台灣新聞記者協會(1999):〈電視新聞出了什麼問題-從何日生事件談起〉,《目擊者》,第十一期,29-34頁。 McQuail , D. (1994). Mass communication, 3th ed, CA: SAGE. 台灣媒體觀察基金會(1999a):〈收視率讓電視新聞墮落嗎?〉,《新聞鏡周刊》,第五五四期,16-21頁。 台灣媒體觀察基金會(1999b):〈媒體搶攻新聞現場,SNG有功還是有過?〉,《新聞鏡周刊》,第五七二期,23-30頁。 新聞評議會(1999):〈現場直播陳進興伏法,媒體處理方式遭詬病〉,《新聞鏡周刊》,第五七一期,28頁。 行政院新聞局(1999):〈媒體在重大事件中的角色和功能-行政院新聞局如何處理重大災難新聞座談會紀實〉,《新聞鏡周刊》,第五七三期,6-12頁。 【英文部分】 一、 書籍 Barnouw, E. (1970). The image empire: A history of broadcasting in the United States volume Ⅲ from 1953, New York: Oxford University Press. Black, M. (1961). The social theories of Talcott Parsons, NJ: Prentice - Hall. Cullen, J. B. (1978). Structure of Professionalism , NY: Petrocelli. Denton, JR. , R. E. (1993). The media and the persian Gulf war , Westport, Connecticut: Praeger. Moore, W. E. (1970). The professions: roles and rules, NY: Russell Sage. Dingwall, R. & Lewis, P. (1983). The sociology of professions: lawyers, doctors and others, London: Macmillan Press. Fang, I. (1985). Television news /radio news, St. Paul , MN: Rada Press. Freidson, E. (1994). Professionalism reborn: theory, prophecy, and policy, Chicago: Chicago Press. Jarvis, P. (1983). Professional education, London: Macmillan. Johnstone, W. C. , Edward J. S. & William W. B. (1976). The News people, Urbana Illinois: University of Illinoi Press. Johnston, C. B. (1995). Winning the global TV news game, MA: Butterworth-Heinemann. Kellner, D. (1992). The persian Gulf TV war, Boulder, CO: Westview Press. Lieberman, M. (1956). Education as a profession, NJ: Prentice- Hall. MacGregor, B. (1997). Live, direct and biased? Making television news in the satellite age, London: Arnold. McManus, J. H. (1994). Market-driven journalism: let the citizen beware?, London: Sage. Morrison, D. E. (1992). Television and the Gulf War, London: JL. Omachonu, J. O. (1989). Perceptions of ratings among network-affiliated television stations as a function of satellite news capability, Doctoral dissertation, Howard University. Pavlik, J. V. (1996). New media technology: cultural and commercial perspectives, Boston: Allyn & Bacon. Rugg, W. J. (1980). The use and acceptance of electronic news gathering equipment by local television news departments, Doctoral dissertation, University of Mississippi. Schudson, M. (1978). Discovering the news: a social history of American newspapers, New York: Haper Collins. Shoemaker, P. J. (1991), Gatekeeping , Newbury Park, CA: Sage. Shoemaker, P.J. & Reese, S. D. (1991), Mediating the message: Theories of influences on mass media content, White Plains, NY: London. Stephens, M. (1997). A history of news, Orlando: Harcourt Brace. Garrison, B. & Salwen, M. (1989). Professional orientations of sports journalists, Newspaper Research Journal, Vol. 10:3, pp. 77-84. Vollmer, H. M. & Mills, O. L. (1966). Professionalization, NJ: Prentice - Hall. Weaver, D. H. & Wilhoit, G. C. (1986). The American journalist: a portrait of U.S. news people and their work, IA: Indiana University Press. Willis, J. & Willis, D. B. (1993). New directions in media management, Massachusetts: Allyn & Bacon. Wood, W.A. (1967). Electronic journalism, New York : Columbia University Press. Yoakam, R. D. & Cremer, C. F. (1989). ENG: television news and the new technology, NY: Random House. Yorke, I. (1995). Television news , MA: Butterworth- Heinemann. 二、 期刊論文 Asp, K. (1980). Mass media as models of opinion and suppliers of information, Mass Communication Review Yearbook, Vol. 1, pp. 332-354. Bass, A. Z. (1969). Refining the gatekeeper concept, Journalism Quarterly, Vol. 46, pp. 69-71. Beam, R. A. (1990). Journalism professionalism as an organizational-level concept, Journalism Monographs,Vol. 121. Hall, R. H. (1968). Professionalization and Bureaucratization, American Sociological Review, Vol. 33, pp. 92-104. Becker, H. S. & Caper, J. (1984). The elements of identification with an occupation, American Sociological Review, Vol. 21, pp. 341-348. Berkowitz, D. A. (1991). Assessing forces in the selection of local television news., Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media, Vol. 35, pp. 245-251. Blumer, H. (1954). What is wrong with social theory, American Sociological Review, Vol. 19, pp. 3-10. Brokaw (1987, March). Defends network mandate, Broadcasting, pp. 172-174. Cleland, G. L. & Ostroff, D. H. (1988). Satellite news gathering and news department opertation, Journalism Quarterly, Vol. 65, pp. 946-951. Coldwell, T.(1974). Professionalism and performance among newspaper photographers, Gazette, Vol. 20, pp. 73-81. Daley, S. (1986). Satellite wars make networks nervous, Chicago Tribune, Sencion 5, pp.1-5. Dickson, G. (1998). CNN invests in digital SNG, Broadcasting & Cable, Vol. 128: 1, pp. 48-49. Dingwall, R. (1976). Accomplishing profession, Sociological Review, Vol. 24, pp. 331-349. Galtung, J. & Ruge, M. H. (1965). The structure of foreign news, journal of Peace Research , Vol. 2, pp. 64-90. Harmon, M. (1989). Mr. Gates goes electronic: the what and why in local TV news, Journalism Quarterly, Vol. 66, pp. 857-863. Henningham, J. P. (1984). Comparisons between three versions of the professional orientation index, Journalism Quarterly, Vol. 62, pp. 302-309. Idsvoog, K. A. & Hoyt, J. L. (1977). Professinalism and performance of television journalists, Journal of Broadcasting, Vol. 21:1, pp. 97-109. Koppel, T. (1994, June). Going live, RTNDA Communicator, pp. 16-18. Lacy, S, Atwater, T. & Powers, A. (1988). Use of satellite technology in local television news, Journalism Quarterly, Vol. 65, pp. 925-966. Lattimore, D. L. & Nayman, O. B. (1974). Professionalism of Colorado daily newsmen: A communicator analysis, Gazette, Vol. 20:1, pp. 1-10. Leroy, D. J. (1972-1973). Levels of professionalism in a sample of TV newsmen, Journal of Broadcasting, Vol. 17, pp. 51-62. Marron, M. B. (1995). Levels of professionalism and professional efficacy among journalists in Ireland, Gazette, Vol. 56, pp. 37-57. 張碧華(1992):《結構╱個人:影響我國新聞從業人員專業化程度及其對新聞產業工會態度之相關因素研究-以中國時報、自立報系為例》,私立輔仁大學大眾傳播研究所碩士論文。 McAvoy, K. (1998). Special report: news services, Broadcasting & Cable, Vol. 128:33, pp. 24-34. Mcleod, J. M. & Hawley Jr., S. E. (1964). Professionalization among newsmen, Journalism Quarterly, Vol. 41, pp. 529-539. Mcleod, J. M. & Rush, R. R. (1969). Professionalization of Latin American and U.S. journalists: part Ⅰ, Journalism Quarterly, Vol. 46:3, pp. 583-590. Mcleod, J. M. & Rush, R. R. (1969). Professionalization of Latin American and U.S. Journalists: part Ⅱ, Journalism Quarterly, Vol. 46:4, pp. 784-789. Menanteau-Horta, D. (1967). Professionalism of Journalists in Santiago de Chile, Journalism Quarterly, Vol. 44, pp. 715-724. Nayman, O. B. (1974). Professional orientations of journalists: An introduction to communicator analysis studies, Gazette, Vol. 19, pp. 195-212. Nayman, O. B., Atkin, C. K. & O’keefe, G. J. (1973). Journalism as a profession in a developing society: Metropolitan Turkish newsmen, Journalism Quarterly, Vol. 50:1, pp. 69-76. Pollard, G. (1985),. Professionalism among canadian News workers: A cross media analysis, Gazette, Vol. 36:1. Powers, R. (1982). Now! Live on the action cam: A reporter talking, TV Guide, pp. 19-22. Rosenberg, H. (1991, March). TV and te Gulf War, Quill, pp. 17-18. 楊秀娟(1989):《我國新聞從業人員專業化程度之研究-以報紙為例》,國立政治大學新聞研究所碩士論文。 Rosengren , K. Carlesson, M. & Tagerud, Y. (1996). Quality in programming : Views from the North , in Ishikawa (ed.), Quality Assessment of Televison, pp. 1-49. Ru’otolo, A. C. (1987). Professional orientation among journalist in three Latin American countries, Gazette, Vol. 40:2. Schwartz, S. H. (1978). Inner-directed and Other-directed values of professional journalists, Journalism Quarterly, Vol. 55:3. Smith, C. (1984). Newsgathering technology and the content of local television news, Journal of Broadcasting , Vol. 28, pp. 99-102. Smith, C. (1988). News critics , newsworkers and local television news, Journalism Quarterly, Vol. 65, pp. 341-346. Smith , C. & Becker, L. B. (1989). The comparison of journalistic values of television reporters and producers, Journalism Quarterly, Vol. 66, pp. 793-800. Soloski, J. (1984). News reporting and professionalism: Some constraints on the reporting of the news, paper presented to the Qualitative Studies Division of AEJMC, FL: Gainesville. Weinthal, D. S. & O’Keefe, G. J. (1974). Professionalization among broadcast newsmen in an urban area, Journal of Broadcasting , Vol. 18, pp. 193-209. Windahl, S. & Rosengren, K. E. (1978). Newsmen’s professionlization : some methodological problems, Journalism Quarterly, Vol. 55, pp. 466-473. Wright, D. (1976). Professionalism levels of British Columbia’s Broadcast Journalists: A communicator analysis, Gazette, Vol. 22, pp. 38-48. 黃雅婷(1999):《電視新聞製播品質管制-ISO9002應用之研究》,國立政治大學廣電所碩士論文。 薛承雄(1988):《媒介支配-解讀台灣的電視新聞》,國立台灣大學社會學研究所碩士論文。 錢玉芬(1998):《新聞專業性概念結構與觀察指標之研究》,國立政治大學新聞研究所博士論文。 蕭 蘋(1989):《環境記者的專業意理及影響因素之研究》,國立政治大學新聞研究所碩士論文。 二、書籍 阿奈特著,譚天譯(1996):《我從戰場歸來:一位戰地記者的回憶》,台北:麥田。 麥魁爾、溫達爾著,楊志弘、莫季雍譯(1996):《傳播模式》,台北:正中。 孫亞光(1992):《電視轉播實務》,台視資訊中心資料組。 彭芸(1999):《由節目評鑑看電視節目品質標準的建立》,行政院新聞局委託研究計畫。 馬政、劉幼琍(1985):《電視新聞製作與平衡報導》,台北:華視文化。 黃新生(1994):《電視新聞》,台北:遠流。 黃新生(1995):《電視媒介管理》,台北:廣播電視事業發展基金會。 羅文輝(1991):《精確新聞報導》,台北:正中。 羅文輝(1998):《新聞人員的專業性:意涵界定與量表建構》,〈傳播研究集刊第二集〉,國立政治大學傳播學院。 羅文輝(1993):《新聞研究可信度之研究》,國立政治大學新聞研究所。 臧國仁編(1994):《新聞學與術的對話》,國立政治大學新聞研究所。 三、期刊 王 美(1998):〈實況轉播公路自殺血腥鏡頭,洛城電視媒體被罵狗血淋頭〉,《新聞鏡周刊》,第四九六期,6-8頁。 余佳璋(1998):〈SNG是必要之惡?-新聞界恐怖平衡現象的反思〉,《目擊者》,第五期,54-55頁。 林齊龍(1993):〈歐洲SNG漸漸成氣候〉,《公共電視》,第四十八期,34-37頁。 李巧云譯(1991):〈美新聞界拿了幾分〉,《新聞鏡周刊》,第一二三期,12-15頁。 許世明(1997):〈SNG與24小時新聞服務的應用〉,《新聞評議》,第二七○期,26-27頁。 胡元輝(1999):〈電視新聞的那把尺在那裡?〉,《目擊者》,第十一期,35-36頁。 胡幼偉(1999):〈報導震災及陳進興伏法,媒體只見速度不見深度〉,《新聞鏡周刊》,第五七三期,13-15頁。 彭文正(1999)《媒體搶攻新聞現場,SNG有功還是有過》,〈新聞鏡周刊〉,第572期,頁23-30。 孫亞光(1993a):〈SNG帶動新的科技競爭,談衛星對電視新聞的衝擊〉,《新聞鏡周刊》,第二四八期,32-40頁。 孫亞光(1993b):〈電視新聞採訪步入衛星時代,三台轉播大用科技戰,兼論SNG運用的利弊得失〉,《新聞鏡週刊》,第二五八期,8-14頁。 |