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    題名: 「規範性理性」在「Wason選擇作業」上所扮演的角色
    從選擇歷程邏輯性與「雙思考系統理論」的角度探究
    作者: 陳宏道
    Chen, Hung-Dao
    貢獻者: 顏乃欣
    Yen, Nai-Shing
    陳宏道
    Chen, Hung-Dao
    關鍵詞: 適應性理性
    理性爭議
    演繹推理
    邏輯
    雙思考歷程理論
    adaptive rationality
    rationality debate
    deductive reasoning
    logic
    dual process theories of reasoning
    Wason selection task
    normative rationality
    日期: 2002
    上傳時間: 2009-09-18 18:33:24 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 「Wason選擇作業」是推理心理學領域中相當經典的作業，由於原版的 「Wason 選擇作業」正確率相當低，引發許多學者相繼投入研究，並形成了各種理論。例如「實用推理基模理論」、「社會契約理論」、「相配偏誤理論」、「訊息獲得量理論」、「關聯性理論」等等。歷經約四十年的研究，「Wason選擇作業」從經典的推理作業至今則被許多研究者質疑其成為研究推理歷程作業的 適當性，有些研究者則認為「Wason選擇作業」應被視為決策作業而非推理作業，並認為參與者在這個作業上不會表現出合於邏輯的推理能力。本研究重新以「規範性理性」的角度探究參與者在這個作業上的表現。研究一以「命題解讀作業」做為輔助，發現至少三成的參與者在傳統抽象型式的「Wason選擇作業」中的選擇行為是符合邏輯對應的，這樣的比例並不低於「命題解讀作業」本身的「正確」率。由於在傳統「Wason選擇作業」上要有「正確」表現須正確解讀命題且無其他形式誤解題意再加上符合邏輯的選擇歷程，低正確率可能僅是各歷程「正確」率相乘的效果，而非「選擇歷程」不具邏輯性所致。研究二則以「雙思考系統理論」的觀點設計有利於「系統二」(即分析性系統)歷程表現的評估型「Wason選擇作業」，實驗一與實驗二分別有約四成及五成七的參與者表現符合「規範性理性」的預期。本研究認為過去多數「Wason選擇作業」的研究著重在研究「系統一」(即聯結性系統)的歷程，故未能觀察到參與者高程度的邏輯表現。本研究結果顯示「規範性理性」在「Wason選擇作業」仍扮演重要角色。本研究最後提出新的研究取向並討論「理性爭議」的課題。
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    描述: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    心理學研究所
    86752012
    91
    資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0867520121
    資料類型: thesis
    顯示於類別:[心理學系] 學位論文

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