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    Title: 所得不均度之模糊測量-以台灣所得分配為例
    Authors: 吳鎮安
    Wu Chen Un
    Contributors: 吳家恩
    吳鎮安
    Wu Chen Un
    Keywords: Gini係數
    E-Gini係數
    模糊二元關係
    遞移性
    隸屬度函數
    模糊排序
    模糊檢定
    解模糊化
    信賴區間
    模糊迴歸分析
    Date: 2003
    Issue Date: 2009-09-18 17:36:37 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 傳統的不均度指標對於不均度的排序皆是精確而不含糊的,在Lorenz曲線相交的情況下,無法使用Lorenz準則判別不均度優劣,若使用不均度指標則可能產生不一致的排序結果,為了解決此一困境,本研究沿用Basu(1987)與Ok(1995,1996)的研究架構,修改其所得不均度的模糊測量方法,並力求將相關的模糊理論研究方法應用在所得不均度的議題上。
    本文實證部分主要使用1980年至2002年中華民國行政院主計處「家庭收支調查報告」的資料,計算出家戶與個人資料的所得不均度指標值。結果發現,若考慮個人對於不均度感受上的模糊性,在家戶所得方面,80年代至90年代以後不均度顯著惡化,而個人所得分配則無明顯差異。而迴歸分析結果顯示,妻子勞動參與率上升、戶內就業人數比例增加,社福支出增加均有助於改善家戶所得不均的情況,而就業者平均教育程度上升與失業率的增加會加深家戶所得不均度。考慮不同的不均度指標間存在著模糊性,亦即將不均度指標視為模糊數(fuzzy number),而將傳統迴歸分析延伸至模糊迴歸分析,所預測的結果不再是一個精確的點,而是一個模糊區間,如此更切合實際所得分配狀況。最後,對於1993年至1997年不均度的模糊比較結果,討論了語意表示與信賴區間兩種不同的解模糊方法。而不同機制(隸屬度函數與不均度指標的不同)下的模糊排序結果可能產生不一致,本文也引用了文獻上的方法加以解決。值得注意的是,利用各種模糊關係的總和排序,與主計處每年根據家戶總可支配所得五等分位資料所計算的Gini係數排序略有出入,顯示出更客觀的排序結果。
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    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    財政研究所
    91255008
    92
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0912550081
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[財政學系] 學位論文

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