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    Title: 從命令與控制型到規制型國家:公共性概念的變遷
    From Command and Control Model to Regulatory State: The Transformation of the Concept of Publicness
    Authors: 朱玉
    Zhu, Siena
    Contributors: 江明修
    Chiang, Min-Hsiu
    朱玉
    Zhu, Siena
    Keywords: 哈伯瑪斯
    公共領域
    公共性
    福利國家
    公私區分
    Habermas
    public sphere
    publicness
    welfare state
    public/ private distinction
    Date: 2005
    Issue Date: 2009-09-18 17:05:48 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 本文所要處理的問題為:「公共」的內容究竟為何?以及在福利國家的脈絡下公私之間如何互相滲透?本文採用Naomi Pfeffer與G. Majone的見解,將福利國家分為命令與控制型模式(command and control model)與規制型國家(regulatory state)。而這二種模式的差異可以由統治(government)和治理(governance)兩字得到說明,前者與命令與控制型相關,後者則與規制型相關。而所謂「治理」之概念,即一種國家權力向社會回歸的現象。本文以哈伯瑪斯《公共領域的結構轉型》為理論背景,探討現代國家職能由福利國家的興起與轉型之國家與社會關係與公私融合的過程。
    The main purposes of this thesis are: (1) discuss the transformation of the relationship of state and society under the process of “‘societalization’ of the state” and “‘stateification’ of society” through the rise and transformation of the welfare state; (2) examine the theories of “publicness”, “public/private distinction”, and the phenomena of “public-private mix” to study the mutual relation between the public and the private; (3) review and criticize the selected public policy.
    The public/private distinction has declined under the welfare state nowadays. On the topic of welfare state, this thesis applies the opinions of Naomi Pfeffer and G. Majone that divide the welfare state into the command and control model and the regulatory state. The words “government” and “governance” could interpret the difference of these two kinds of patterns: the former is relative to the command and control model, while the latter is relative to the regulatory state. In addition, the conception of “governance” indicates the process of authority returns from the state to the society. On the topic of public/private relation, this thesis adopts the theories of Jürgen Habermas in his book: The Structure Transformation of Public Sphere, through his ideas of public sphere and its relation among the intimate sphere and the state to explore the relation between the state and society.
    In practice, this thesis takes the case of turning the national university into the corporation (juridical person) in Taiwan, and introduces to the theories discussed above: see the university as a public sphere and its reform as the transformation of welfare state.
    "第一章 緒論……………………...…………………………………1
    第一節 研究動機與目的……………………………………………1
    一、 研究動機……………………………………………….1
    二、 研究目的……………………………………………….3
    第二節 研究方法與限制……………………………………………3
    一、 研究方法……………………………………………….3
    二、 研究限制……………………………………………….3
    第三節 研究流程與章節安排………………………………………4
    第二章 福利國家的興起與轉型……………………...………...6
    第一節 福利國家的興起……………………………………………7
    一、 民族國家的發展…………………………………….…8
    二、 工業革命………………………………………….……9
    三、 凱因斯主義經濟學…………………………………...11
    第二節 福利國家的挑戰與轉型………………………………..…12
    一、 福利國家遭遇的挑戰……………………………...…13
    二、 向規制型國家的轉型…………………...……………54
    第三節 命令與控制型及規制型國家的比較…………………..…22
    一、 差異…………………………………………………...22
    二、 規制型模式中國家的角色…………………………...25
    第三章 公私區分與融合………………………….…………….27
    第一節 公私區分的原則………………………….………………27
    一、 公共性……………………………………………..….27
    二、 公私區分……………………………………………...29
    三、 公共領域……….……………………………………..30
    第二節 公共行政學的公共性理論………………………………..37
    一、 公共即國家、公民…………………………………….38
    二、 公共性即公共領域………………………………...…40
    三、 公共性是政府組織相對於企業組織之不同………...41
    第三節 法學上的公私法區分……………………………………..45
    一、 公法與私法二元論………………………………..….45
    二、 公法、私法與社會法三元論…………………………48
    第四節 公私區分的質疑與挑戰………………………………..…48
    一、 女性主義對於公私區分的質疑…………………..….49
    二、 企業參與公共對話…………………………………...50
    第五節 公私相互融合的趨勢……………………………………..52
    一、 「公法私法化」與「私法公法化」……………………...53
    二、 國家與市場的融合…………………………………….56
    三、 對傳統公私部門二分的衝擊………………………….63
    第四章 個案研究:我國國立大學行政法人化之規劃…….….69
    一、 大學作為公共領域(public sphere)…………………...69
    二、 國立大學行政法人化政策發展過程………………...70
    三、 我國推動行政法人制之特色………………………...71
    四、 質疑與批評………………………………………...…73
    第五章 結論……………………………………………………….76
    一、 公私區分與融合……………………………………77
    二、 福利國家轉型下國家干預功能的轉變…………….79
    三、 由國立大學行政法人化看公共領域的再封建化.…..81
    參考資料…………………………………….………………………...84
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    吳錫堂、楊滿郁譯,Lawrence Friedman著,《法律與社會》,台北:巨流,民80。
    呂健忠譯,Niccolo Machiavelli著,《李維羅馬史疏義》,台北:左岸文化,民92。
    李英明,《新制度主義與社會資本》,台北:揚智,民94。
    沈宗靈,《比較法研究》,北京:北京大學,1998年。
    林萬億,《福利國家的形成與社會公平》,台北:台灣大學,民92。
    林萬億,《福利國家—歷史比較分析》,台北:巨流,民83.10。
    林鍾沂,《行政學》,台北:三民,民90。
    俞可平編,《治理與善治》,北京:社會科學文獻,2000.9。
    胡曉進等譯,Andrew Gamble著,《政治和命運》,南京:江蘇人民,2003.9。
    Connolly, W. ed., Legitimacy and the State, New York: New York University Press, 1984.
    夏道平譯,Friedrich A. Hayek著,《個人主義與經濟秩序》,台北:台灣銀行,民60,再版。
    孫善豪譯,Erhard Eppler著,《重返政治》,台北:聯經,民89。
    徐炳譯,William Wade著,《行政法》,北京:中國大百科全書,1997年。
    殷海光譯,Friedrich A. Hayek著,《到奴役之路》,台北:文星,民54。
    馬音等譯,John Keane著,《公共生活與晚期資本主義》,北京:社會科學文獻,1999.2。
    馬清槐譯,Thomas Paine著,《人權論》,載《潘恩選集》,北京:商務,1982年。
    張五常,《賣桔者言》,台北:遠流,民78。
    張茂桂、鄭永年主編,《兩岸社會運動分析》,台北:新自然主義,民92。
    曹玉文,《新佛洛伊德主義與馬克思主義》,台北:時報,民81。
    曹衛東等譯,Jürgen Habermas著,《公共領域的結構轉型》,台北:聯經,民93。
    藍科正、黃美齡譯,Milton Friedman著,《資本主義與自由》,台北:萬象,民82。
    陳思賢,《西洋政治思想史—近代英國篇》,台北:五南,民87.8。
    二、 期刊論文
    Allison, Graham T., “Public and Private Management: Are They Fundamentally Alike in All Unimportant Respects?”, Jay M. Shafritz & Albert C. Hyde eds., Classics of Public Administration, Orlando, Florida: Harcourt Brace College Publishers, 1997, 4th ed.
    Ambrozas, Diana, “The University as Public Sphere”, Canadian Journal of Communition, Vol.23, No.1, 1998.
    Bellone, C. J. and G.. F. Goerl, “Reconciling Public Entrepreneurship and Democracy”, Public Administration Review, Vol.52, No.2, 1992.
    Benhabib, Seyla, “Models of Public Space: Hannah Arendt, the Liberal Tradition, and Jürgen Habermas”, Landes ed., Feminism, the Publics and the Private, Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 1998.
    Borchorst, Anette & Sim Birte, “Women and Advanced Welfare State – A New Kind of Patriarchal Power?”, Anne Showstack Sassoon ed., Women and the State: the Shifting Boundaries of Public and Private, London: Routledge, 1990.
    Boyd, Josh, “Corporate Rhetoric Participates in Public Dialogue: A Solution to the Public/Private Conundrum”, The Southern Journal of Communication, vol.66, No.4, 2001.
    Bozeman, Barry, “Exploring the Limits of Public and Private Sectors: Sector Boundaries as Maginot Line”, Public Administration Review, Vol.48, No.2, 1988.
    Burlingame, Dwight F., “Corporate Philanthropy’s Future”, Helmut K. Anheier & Jeremy Kendall eds., Third Sector Policy at the Crossroads, London; New York: Routledge, 2001.
    Cooper, Terry L., Handbook of Administrative Ethics, New York: M. Dekker, 1994.
    Cennaro, Angela, “Memory beyond the Public Sphere: The Francoist Repression Remembered in Aragon”, History and Memory, Bloomington: IN : Indiana University Press, Fall 2002, Vol.14, Iss. 1/2.
    Dietz, Mary G., “Citizenship with a Feminist Face: The Problem with Maternal Thinking,” Joan B. Landes ed., Feminism, the Publics and the Private, Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 1998.
    Filer, “The Filer Commission Report”, D. L. Gies et al., The Nonprofit Organization: Essential Readings, Pacific Grove, California: Brooks/ Cole Publishing, 1990.
    Fraser, Nancy, “Rethinking the Public Sphere: A Contribution to the Critique of Actually Existing Democracy”, C. Calhoun ed., Habermas and the Public Sphere, Cambridge, MA: MIT University Press, 1992.
    Habermas, Jürgen, “The Idea of University: Learning Processes”, Shierry Weber Nicholsen ed. & trans, The New Conservatism: Cultural Criticism and the Historians’ Debate, The MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass., 1992.
    Hansmann, H. B., “The Role of Nonprofit Enterprise”, Yale Law Journal, Vol.89, 1980.
    Haque, M. Shamsul, “The Diminishing Publicness of Public Service under the Current Mode of Govenance”, Public Administration Review, Vol.61, No.1, 2001.
    Iversen and Wren, “Equality, Employment, and Budgetary Restraint: The Trilemma of the Service Economy”, World Politics, Vol.50 No.4, July 1998.
    Kelly, R. M., “An Inclusive Democratic Polity, Representative Bureaucracies, and the New Public Management”, Public Administration Review, Vol.58, No.3, 1998.
    Kooiman, J., “Governance and Governability: Using Complexity, Dynamics and Diversity”, J. Kooiman ed., Modern Governance: New Government-Society Interactions, London: Sage, 1993.
    Denhardt, Robert B. & Janet V. Denhardt, The New Public Service: Serving, Not Steering, Armonk, N.Y.: M.E. Sharpe, 2003.
    Lynn, L. E., “The New Public Management: How to Transform a Theme into a Legacy”, Public Administration Review, Vol.58, No.3, 1998.
    Majone, Giandomenico, “From the Positive to the Regulatory State: Causes and Consequences of Changes in the Mode of Governance”, Journal of Public Policy, Vol.17, No.2.
    Martin, A., “What Does Globalization Have to Do with the Erosion of Welfare State? Sorting out the Issues ”, Center for Social Policy Research Discussion Working Paper No.1, Bremen: University of Bremen, 1997.
    McOmber, James B., “Clarifying the Public/Private Distinction by Eliminating It?: A Response to Josh Boyd”, The Southern Journal of Communication, Vol.66, No.4, 2001.
    Newman, John Henry, “The Idea of a University”, http://www..fordham.edu/halsall/mod/newman/newman-university.html.
    Okin, Susan Moller,“Gender, the Public, and the Private”, Anne Phillips ed., Feminism & Politics, Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 1998.
    Pateman, Carole, “Equality, Difference, Subordination: The Politics of Motherhood and Women’s Citizenship,” Bock and James eds., Beyond Equality and Difference, London; New York: Routledge, 1992.
    Pateman, Carole, “Feminist Criques of the Public/Private Dichotomy”, Benn & Gaus eds., Public and Private in Social Life, New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1983.
    Pateman, Carole, “The Patriachal Welfare State”, Amy Gutmann ed., Democracy and the Welfare State, Princeton, N.J. : Princeton University Press, 1988.
    Pfeffer, Naomi, “Fertility Counts: From Equity to Outcome”, Steve Sturdy ed., Medicine, Health and Public Sphere in Britian, 1600-2000, London: Routledge, 2002.
    Denhardt, Robert B., Public Administration: An Action Orientation, Pacific Grove, Cal: Brooks/Cole, 1991.
    Ranson, Stewart and John Stewart, “Citizenship and Government: The Challenge for Management in the Public Domain,” Political Studies, Vol.37 No.1, 1989.
    Rhodes, R. A. W., “The New Governance: Governing without Government”, Political Studies, No.44, 1996.
    Robbins, Bruce, “The Public as Phantom”, Bruce Robbins ed., The Phantom Public Sphere, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1993.
    Salamon, Lester, “The Rise of the Nonprofit Sector”, Foreign Affairs, vol.73, No.4, 1994.
    Smouts, Marie-Claude, “The Proper Use of Governance in International Relations,” International Social Science Journal, No.155, 1998.
    Stoker, G., “Governance as Theory: Five Propositions”, International Social Science Journal, No.155, 1998.
    Tay, Alice Erh-Soon and Eugene Kamenka, “Public Law-Private Law”, Stanley I. Benn and Gerald F. Gaus eds., Public and Private in Social Life, New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1983.
    Terry, L., “Administrative Leadership, Neo-management and the Public Management Movement”, Public Administration Review, Vol.58, No.4, 1998.
    Ventriss, C., “The `Publicness` of Administrative Ethics,” Cooper, Handbook of Administrative Ethics, New York: M. Dekker, 1994.
    Ventriss, C., “Toward a Public Philosophy of Public Administration: A Civic Perspective of the Public”, Public Administration Review, Vol.49, No.2, 1989.
    Denhardt, Robert B., Theories of Public Organization, Belmont, Calif.: Wadsworth, 1993, 2nd ed.
    Walzer, M., “Introduction”, Toward GlobalCivil Society, Providence: Berghahn Books, 1995.
    Weintraub, Jeff, “The Theory and Politics of the Public/private Distinction”, Public and Private in Thought and Practice: Perspectives on a Grand Dichotomy, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1997.
    Habermas, Jürgen,〈公共領域〉, Habermas等著,甘陽主編,《社會主義—後冷戰時代的思索》,香港:牛津大學,1995年。
    王甲乙,〈理論之實踐和實踐之理論--最高行政法院判例之檢討〉,《法官協會雜誌》,卷3期1,民90.6。
    王振寰,〈全球化,在地化與學習型區域:理論反省與重建〉,《台灣社會研究季刊》,第34期,民88。
    江心波,〈國立大學行政法人化之探討〉,《考選情報》,期38,民93.03。
    江明修,〈非營利組織的功能〉,http://npo.nccu.edu.tw/content/section02/item08_doc/20010619.pdf。
    江明修、蔡金火、梅高文,〈再造公共性政府〉,《中國行政評論》,卷7期4,民87.9。
    吳采斾,〈台灣社會福利體制轉型─民主化與全球化的衝擊與挑戰〉,東海大學社會學研究所碩士論文,民93。
    吳瓊恩,〈公共行政學發展趨勢的探究:三種治理模式的互補關係及其政治理論的基礎〉,《公共行政學報》,期7,民91.12。
    Dews, Peter, Autonomy and Solidarity: Interviews with Jurgen Habermas, London; New York: Verso, 1992, Rev. ed.
    呂建德,〈全球化、社會不平等與回應策略分析:邁向一個永續發展的全球文化計畫〉,全球化與國家發展學術研討會論文集,台北:佛光大學人文社會學院,民91。
    呂建德,〈從福利國家到競爭式國家?:全球化與福利國家的危機〉,《台灣社會學》,期2,民90.12。
    宋興洲,〈重新思考國家:從政治經濟到文化政治經濟〉,《政治學報》,期35,民92.6。
    李建良,〈論行政法上之意思表示〉,《臺北大學法學論叢》,期90,民91.6
    李英明,〈哈伯馬斯論現代西方社會與馬克思主義〉,《新制度主義與社會資本》,台北:揚智,民94。
    李英明,〈資訊時代下的「國家」與「社會」〉,《國政評論》,http://www.npf.org.tw/PUBLICATION/IA/091/IA-R-091-024.htm。
    周弘,〈西方社會保障制度的經驗及其對我們的啟示〉,《中國社會科學》,期2,1996年。
    周弘,〈福利國家向何處去?〉,《中國社會科學》,期3,2001.5。
    周志宏,〈國立大學法人化之質變與隱憂〉,《台灣本土法學雜誌》,期49,民92.8。
    周志忍,〈當代西方行政改革與管理模式轉換〉,《北京大學學報(哲學社會科學版)》,期4,1995年。
    Donahue, John D., Joseph S. Nye, Market-based Governance: Supply Side, Demand Side, Upside, and Downside, Cambridge, Mass.: Visions of Governance in the 21st Century, 2002.
    林鍾沂,〈美國的管制行政〉,《空大行政學報》,期5,民85.5。
    林鍾沂,〈新公共行政與新公共管理之比較〉,《人事月刊》,卷30期6,民89.06。
    俞可平,〈從權利政治學到公益政治學〉,劉軍寧編,《自由與社群》,北京:三聯,1998年。
    俞可平,〈當代西方政治思潮概述〉,《教學與研究》,期6,2004。
    南方朔,〈南方朔:「教授治校」和「行政法人化」都是他們說的!〉,《新新聞》,期849,民92.06.12-06.18。
    姚朝森,〈許密特的國家觀〉,《公法學與政治理論─吳庚大法官榮退論文集》,台北:元照,民93。
    范祥偉,〈行政法人的政策理念與實務運作〉,《人事行政》,期146,民92.12。
    唐麗英,〈國立大學行政法人化 = 教育部及校長集權化 +校園戒嚴化〉,http://www.ncku.edu.tw/~fcouncil/Data/verkehr.doc。
    夏鑄九,〈(重)建構公共空間--理論的反省〉,《台灣社會研究季刊》,期16,民83.3。
    夏鑄九,〈再理論公共空間〉,《城市與設計學報》,期2-3,民86.12。
    Eddtz, S., Transforming Communication, Transforming Business: Building Responsive and Responsible Workplaces, Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press, 1995.
    孫國祥,〈電子治理的機會與挑戰:善治再造?〉,《國政研究報告》,http://www.npf.org.tw/PUBLICATION/IA/091/IA-R-091-043.htm。
    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    公共行政研究所
    93256035
    94
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0093256035
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[Department of Public Administration] Theses

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