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| Title: | 從傅柯的觀點析論愛德伍小說《使女的故事》中的權力流動
Fluidity of Power in Margaret Atwood`s The Handmaid`s Tale: A Foucauldian Perspective |
| Authors: | 陳詩瑩
Shih-ying Chen |
| Contributors: | 劉建基
陳詩瑩
Shih-ying Chen |
| Keywords: | 權力
論述
監獄連續系統
圓形監獄
性機制
Power
Discourse
Carceral Continuum
Panopticon
Deployment of Sexuality |
| Date: | 2002 |
| Issue Date: | 2009-09-18 16:38:18 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 本篇論文試圖以米歇爾•傅柯的權力分析為理論基礎來分析和討論瑪格麗特•愛德伍的小說《使女的故事》。透過書中女主角奧芙弗雷德的論述，我們看到的是一個不熟悉且極權統治的國度。小說中描述的高壓政策是對美國八十年代政治和社會趨勢的反諷，也呈現給讀者基列共和國中權力運作的刻畫和剖析；在此國度的權力運作中，不論男女都深受權力網絡的控制。小說中嵌入的是一個全面性且集中的權力機制。因此，本篇論文將以傅柯的權力觀為理論出發點，對於《使女的故事》中的權力機制做一個全面性的閱讀和探究。本論文中所強調的並不是舊權力觀中以壓迫和禁忌為主的權力。此處的權力是落實在策略和技術層面上，而這些手法顯現了權力的負面特性更強調正面的生產特性。權力足以生產出一個模範讓人們仿效，權力更有能力使人們內化這個模範並成為社會認可的正常人。這樣精細的權力運作是為了便於管理和控制。本論文將就傅柯的權力分析來探究小說中所彰顯的權力負面和正面特質。《使女的故事》的情節就像是揉和了傅柯的一些主要論點。小說和理論的對話呈現在權力與論述、與規訓懲罰、與性機制的關係，這些論點將會在內文中逐章討論。這些權力機制製造出奧芙弗雷德的歸順，也產生反抗。反抗則會巔覆既有的權力關係。本論文的最後結論將會說明權力的不確定性和易變性是如何反映在主角的反抗行為中。權力關係並不是統治者和被統治者之間的二元對立，而是一個變動的關係。這樣的不穩定性使得權力永遠呈現出流動和拉距的現象。
This thesis attempts to scrutinize Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale in terms of Michel Foucault’s analytics of power. Through Offred’s discourse, we perceive a totalitarian regime foreign to us. The description of the extremely high-pressure policy is a satiric response to the political and social developments in the United States in the 1980s. This novel also presents us with an anatomy of power that lays bare the exercise of power in the Republic of Gilead, in which both men and women are caught up in the dense web of power. An overwhelming and compressive mechanism of power is embedded in this novel. Therefore, my argument will be based on Foucault’s elucidation of power to analyze The Handmaid’s Tale in a more panoramic perspective. The concept of power elaborated in this thesis is not the one that always says no through prohibition and interdiction. Instead, power is materialized in all kinds of strategies and techniques. These tactics reveal the repressive and the productive characteristics of power. Power is capable of producing the norm for individuals to follow and also of transforming them into the “normal” ones for the purpose of administration and domination. Following Foucault’s analytics of power, this thesis will explore the productive and repressive manipulation of power reflected in this novel. The Handmaid’s Tale serves as an exemplary literary dramatization of some of Foucault’s major ideas. The correspondence between Atwood’s work and Foucault’s propositions of power will be discussed in three separate chapters, in which the mechanisms of power are revealed in discourse, discipline and punishment, and sexuality. Offred’s submission is produced by those power mechanisms, yet power also produces resistance that subverts established power relations. The final chapter will conclude that Offred’s resistant behavior reflects the contingency and vulnerability of power. Power relations are not the binary opposition between rulers and the ruled but the mobile and negotiable relations, in which power flows quickly from one area to another. |
| Reference: | Works Cited
Atwood, Margaret. The Handmaid’s Tale. New York: Anchor Books, 1998.
Bouson, J. Brooks. Brutal Choreographies: Oppositional Strategies and Narrative Design in the Novels of Margaret Atwood. New York: The University of Massachusetts, 1993.
Burchell, Graham, Colin Gordon, and Peter Miller. Eds. The Foucault Effect: Studies in Governmenttality with two lectures by and an interview with Michel Foucault. London: Harvester Wheatsheaf, 1991.
Cooper, Pamela. “Sexual Surveillance and Medical Authority in Two Versions of The Handmaid’s Tale.” Journal of Popular Culture 28 (1995): 49-66.
Couzens Hoy, David. Ed. Foucault: A Critical Reader. Basil Blackwell, 1986.
Danaher, Geoff, Tony Schirato, and Jen Webb. Understanding Foucault. London: SAGE Publications, 2000.
Dreyfus, Hubert L, and Paul Rabinow. Michel Foucault: Beyond Structuralism and Hermeneutics. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1983.
During, Simon. Foucault and Literature: Towards a Genealogy of Writing. London: Routledge, 1992.
Falzon, Christopher. Foucault and Social Dialogue: Beyond Fragmentation. London: Routledge, 1998.
Faubion, James D. Ed. Power. Trans. Robert Hurley. New York: The New Press, 1994.
Foucault, Michel. The History of Sexuality. Volume One: An Introduction. Trans. Robert Hurley. 1978. New York: Vintage Books, 1980.
---. “The Order of Discourse.” Untying the Text: A Post-Structuralist Reader. Ed. Robert Young. New York: Routledge, 1981.
---. Power/Knowledge: Selected Interview and Other Writings. Ed. Colin Gordon. New York: Pantheon Books, 1980.
---. The Archaeology of Knowledge. Trans. A. M. Sheridan Smith. 1972. New York: Routledge, 1989.
---. Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison. Trans. Alan Sheridan. New York: Pantheon Books, 1977.
Freibert, Lucy M. “Control and Creativity: The Politics of Risk in Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale.” Critical Essays on Margaret Atwood. Ed. Judith McDombs. Boston: G. K. Hall & Co, 1988.
Hengen, Shannon. Margaret Atwood’s Power: Mirrors, Reflections and Images in Secret Fiction and Poetry. Toronto: Second Story Press, 1993.
Hill Rigney, Barbara. Women Writers: Margaret Atwood. Totowa: Barnes & Noble Books, 1987.
Hindess, Barry. Discourses of Power: from Hobbes to Foucault. Blackwell Publishers, 1996.
Howarth, David. Discourse. Philadelphia: Open University Press, 2000.
Hoy, David Couzens, ed. Foucault: A Critical Reader. New York: Basil Blackwell Ltd, 1986.
Ingersoll, Earl G, ed. Margaret Atwood: Conversations. Princeton: Ontario Review Press, 1990.
Kauffman, Linda. “Special Delivery: Twenty-first Century Epistolarity in The Handmaid’s Tale.” Writing the Female Voice. Ed. Elizabeth C. Goldsmith. Northeastern University P, 1989.
Larmour, David H. Paul Allen Miller, and Charles Platter. Eds. Rethinking Sexuality: Foucault and Classical Antiquity. Princeton University Press.
Michael, Magali Cornier. Feminism And The Postmodern Impulse: Post-World War II Fiction. New York: New York Press, 1996.
Mills, Sara. Discourse. London: Routledge, 1997.
Miner, Madonne. “ ‘Trust me’: Reading the Romance Plot in Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale.” Twentieth Century Literature 37 (1991): 148-68.
Nischik, Reingard M., ed. Margaret Atwood: Works and Impact. New York: Camden House, 2000.
Rabinow, Paul, ed. The Foucault Reader. New York: Pantheon Books, 1984.
Racevskis, Karlis. Michel Foucault and the Subversion of Intellect. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1983.
Racevskis, Karlis, ed. Critical Essays on Michel Foucault. New York: G. K. Hall & Co., 1999.
Reynolds, Margaret, ed. Erotica: Women’s Writing from Sappho to Margaret Atwood. New York: Ballantine Books, 1990.
Sheridan, Alan. Michel Foucault: The Will to Truth. London: Tavistock Publications, 1980.
Shumway, David R. Michel Foucault: Twayne’s World Authors Series. Boston: Twayne Publishers, 1989.
Timotny J. Armstrong, trans. Michel Foucault Philosopher. New York: Harvester Wheatsheaf, 1992.
Wilson, Sharon Rose. Margaret Atwood’s Fairy-Tale Sexual Politics. Toronto: University Press of Mississippi, 1993. |
| Description: | 碩士
國立政治大學
英國語文學研究所
89551009
91 |
| Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0089551009 |
| Data Type: | thesis |
| Appears in Collections: | [英國語文學系] 學位論文
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