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    題名: 中國大陸外商直接投資之決定性因素實證
    作者: 林俊儒
    貢獻者: 吳文傑
    林俊儒
    關鍵詞: 外商直接投資
    固定效果panel data模型
    中國大陸
    FDI
    Fixed effect panel data model
    China
    日期: 2002
    上傳時間: 2009-09-18 10:55:29 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 本研究採取固定效果( fixed effect ) panel data模型，分析影響中國大陸外商直接投資( FDI )的決定性因素，共分為三個面向進行實證，第一個面向係按FDI投資區域之不同，而分為東部沿海與中西部地區進行估計；第二個面向則按FDI投資產業之不同，分為三大產業進行分析；第三個面向係以FDI之來源地區為依據，共分為八個主要FDI來源地區探討其決定性因素。
    在分區估計方面，透過一般化最小平方法( generalized least squares, GLS )進行估計，得到的結果顯示，東部地區係以市場區位來吸引FDI前來投資，例如市場商機與較高的對外開放程度；而中西部地區則以生產區位來吸引FDI，如低廉的勞動成本、地方基礎建設水準，換言之，兩地區之間在影響FDI的因素上完全不同，另一方面，針對固定效果的觀察發現，地理位置位在東部地區的省市，固定效果明顯高於中西部地區，因此東部地區的確比中西部地區具有較佳的條件以吸引FDI。
    若按FDI所投資的三大產業進行實證，以探討FDI之決定性因素，其估計結果顯示，第一產業( 農、林、漁、牧業 ) FDI的影響因素為對外開放程度，具有負面排擠FDI的效果，而第二產業( 製造業、建築業等 ) FDI的影響因素則為市場規模、工資率、高品質勞動力供應與對外開放程度，除工資率為負面影響外，其他因素皆為正向效果，第三產業( 服務業 )因樣本期間中國大陸尚未放寬外資的進入限制，故僅有基礎建設與高品質勞動力供應是影響FDI的決定性因素。
    在中國大陸不同來源國FDI之決定性因素方面，實證結果發現，中國大陸高速的經濟成長率會吸引美國、新加坡、台灣的廠商前來投資，低廉的工資水準則形成對美國、南韓、新加坡以及台灣的吸引力，而中國大陸若加強研發能力，可促使美國、日本、南韓、新加坡、台灣增加直接投資，但廠商過度集中所導致的高度競爭環境，卻會排擠掉英國、香港的FDI，本研究也考慮高品質勞動供應的影響，以香港、台灣廠商較注重高品質勞動力是否充分供應，另一方面，對外開放程度的高低對日本、新加坡、香港、台灣的廠商具有正面效果，對德國廠商則有負面影響。
    隨著中國大陸加入世界貿易組織( WTO )後，中國政府對外資的政策勢必更加開放，在中國大陸龐大市場與廉價生產要素的誘惑下，預期會有更多外國資金投入中國大陸，中國做為世界工廠的地位將更加穩固，對我國而言，面對中國經濟崛起所導致的全球經濟整合以及產業分工趨勢，我國必須採取正面的態度來思考中國大陸問題，善用本身所具備的充沛資金與研發能力，以及與中國大陸同文同種的優勢，積極進入大陸市場，一方面應用其廉價勞動力，一方面搶佔大陸市場佔有率，將中國大陸做為我國經濟實力的延伸，我國廠商方能在國際競爭潮流下取得生存利基，進而從中國市場打入全球市場，則我國未來的經濟前景必將大有可為！
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    描述: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    財政研究所
    90255015
    91
    資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0090255015
    資料類型: thesis
    顯示於類別:[財政學系] 學位論文

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