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    Title: 在台韓國華僑夫妻勞動經驗之考察：台北都會區之田野研究
    Examining the Labor Experience of Korean Chinese Couples in Taiwan: A Field Study of Taipei Metroplitan Area.
    Authors: 侯丞芝
    Hou,Cheng Chih
    Contributors: 馬藹萱
    侯丞芝
    Hou,Cheng Chih
    Keywords: 移民
    勞動經驗
    韓國華僑夫妻
    Date: 2006
    Issue Date: 2009-09-18 10:53:00 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 作為一個移入地區的台灣，其勞動力的跨國流動從 1980年代開始有明顯的發展。而在跨國流動到台灣的人群類屬中，華僑是比較特別的一群，尤以單一國籍的韓國華僑更具殊異性。本研究探究經由跨國遷徙來到台灣的韓國華僑夫妻，在跨越不同的時空與社會下，其遷徙經驗對於他們勞動經驗的影響以及其中是否有勞動性別化現象。本研究以質性研究方法，透過訪談及參與觀察以蒐集相關資料，釐清韓國華僑夫妻所展演的日常生活勞動。研究結果顯示，來台韓國華僑之遷徙路徑是先由大陸往南韓移動，再因個人與結構條件交互作用下促發再次遷徙的旅程，以台灣為目的地。本研究發現，移民社群網絡在建立韓國華僑抵達台灣勞動市場的軌線上扮演重要角色，並提供生活、情感、工作上的支持。在公領域勞動經驗上，韓國華僑自營業者與受雇者有著不同的樣貌，前者奠基於族群經濟的策略在小型生意（尤其是成衣批發業與餐飲業）上頗有斬獲；他們多是夾帶著金錢資本進入台灣勞動市場成為自營業者，與相關研究中指出少數族群移居於美國因為競爭劣勢不得不從事小型生意的情形相比，有其相對優勢。韓國華僑受雇者若是來台接受高等教育，則通常會因個人人力資本在當地勞力市場的高接受度與其韓文能力的優勢而在主流就業市場上有所發揮。在私領域家務勞動經驗方面，韓國華僑夫妻的家務分是一種往女性高度傾斜的模式，形塑這種分工方式的因素與原生國性別規範、經濟與社會資本、他人對性別分工規範的指導與監控、先生的參與意願、基督教的影響及台灣文化的影響的六大因素有關。一般來說，韓國華僑夫妻的勞動觀念與經驗是相當性別化的：大多數仍維持著「男主外、女主內」的分工模式。跨國遷徙的經驗大致上並未挑戰韓國華僑夫妻對於家務分工的觀念與實踐，研究中大多數女性也並未對抗舊有家庭體制和性別意識型態。甚至在從事自營業者的韓國華僑夫妻中，妻子更容易因為住商合一的空間配置，而更傾向扮演「兼顧內外」的角色。縱而觀之，在台韓國華僑在公領域與私領域的勞動觀念與實踐，是在跨國遷徙經驗下，透過族群、文化與性別等諸多因素共同勾勒而成的。
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    國立政治大學
    社會學研究所
    93254014
    95
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0932540142
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