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    题名: 台灣微型創業者的機會與資源及新價值創造動態過程研究
    Study of dynamic processes in opportunities, resources and new value creation of micro-business entrepreneurs in Taiwan
    作者: 許凱玲
    Hsu, Kai-Lin
    贡献者: 溫肇東
    Wen, Chao-Tung
    許凱玲
    Hsu, Kai-Lin
    关键词: 微型創業
    新價值創造
    機會辨識
    創業資源
    日期: 2005
    上传时间: 2009-09-18 09:35:55 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 在台灣，中小企業一直扮演十分重要的角色，對國家經濟成長、創造就業機會有重大貢獻。近年有一群新興族群—微型企業，許多微型創業者在乎能夠結合熱情與專業所長，在自由彈性的工作環境中，實現夢想。小本經營的微型企業與近年來台灣產業環境變遷習習相關，在產業外移、經濟成長緩慢、失業率提升、及台灣產業結構逐步調整之下，沒有合適工作的人、職場中的高薪專業工作者、家庭中的主婦們，形形色色的人開始選擇創業這條路。微型企業主要特徵有二：小規模、低資產。多數微型企業因為規模不大，在面對變動快速的環境，能夠保有靈活應變能力；唯資產不足之原因，讓多數微型企業往往因為資金周轉不靈，而走上失敗或倒閉之途。普遍說來，台灣微型企業面臨「資本額小、體質弱、力量分散」困境。有別於傳統產業與高科技產業的創業，因為規模、產值與創業背景的不同，微型創業者在充滿障礙的創業過程中，每一步不但皆是生死存亡的關鍵，亦沒有想像中容易。創業過程中，創業者面臨機會的決策過程，如何因應創業活動運用既有資源，或進一步尋求所需資源的過程，都是欲踏入微型創業市場的創業者在乎的關鍵點。另，即便是小規模的微型企業，只要有能力辨識機會，依然有能力創造或發掘新市場，創造新價值；或許微型創業者是從自我價值提升開始，但透過營運模式的改變過程，依然可以對社會層次產生新價值。透過本研究，可以瞭解現今台灣社會時興的創業全民運動，微型創業者如何結合所長，因應環境的變化，找到利基市場，取得適用資源，創造新價值，並且瞭解創業動態過程最重要的關鍵因素為何。本研究所要探討的是微型創業者在充滿障礙的創業過程中，機會的辨識與掌握，因應創業過程其創業資源的變化，與微型創業活動價值創造的過程。本研究將Timmons Model(1999) 修改成為「新價值創造」，「創業者」，「機會」，「資源」四部份，依Maes(2003) 所提出之價值創造五元素探討創業者創造新價值之過程，並以Kim(2005) 提出的四項行動工具分析架構，解構新價值創造過程中創業者對機會、資源、與內外在環境的互動過程。
    微型創業活動在封閉環境因子與外圍環境因子交互影響之下，形成機會辨識的動態過程，引發創業動機，修正創業活動。有能力從市場上學習產業經驗的創業者或創業團隊，才可以持續提升知識強化與產品內容深度。創業者透過創業活動的修正，逐一建構新創價值。創業過程中透過市場經驗的累積，提升微型企業的產業元素價值；但是創業者必須在高價值產業元素中，考量營運模式的調整，才能真正提升該微型企業的整體價值。因此，「創業者」是微型創業過程中最重要的關鍵元素，由創業者所引發的創業活動最為重要，可能是「創業者與機會」或「創業者與資源」，因產業別不同或當時環境因素的改變，產生對創業活動不同程度的影響。
    參考文獻: 中文文獻
    1. 司徒達賢、林晉寬 (1998)，《台灣優勢廠商之資源管理模式》，管理學報，第15卷第2期，頁255-270。
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    3. 江逸之 (2006)，《90元買到網路「一頁」情》，遠見雜誌，238期。
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    6. 祝康偉 (2005)，《在虛擬世界尋找真愛》，career雜誌，346期。
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    12. 黃秀媛 (2005)，《藍海策略－開創無人競爭的全新市場》，台北：天下文化。（原書W. Chan Kim and Renée Mauborgne. (2005), Blue Ocean Strategy: How to Create Uncontested Market Space and Make Competition Irrelevant.）
    13. 黃映慈 (2001)，《SOHO族現況分析與特質探討》，國立中山大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文。
    14. 數位人編輯部 (2004)，《本月創業最熱》，eBoss創富誌，2004年10月號。
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    政府出版物
    1. 《2004年文化創意產業年報》(2005)，行政院文化創意產業推動小組。
    2. 《中華民國九十三年經濟部中小企業白皮書》(2004)，經濟部中小企業處。
    3. 《中華民國九十三年國人旅遊狀況調查報告》(2004)，交通部觀光局。
    4. 《中華民國台灣地區人力資源統計月報》(2006)，行政院主計處。
    5. 《創業資源手冊》(2005)，臺北市就業服務中心。
    6. 《營業稅徵收統計》(2006)，財政部財稅資料中心。
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    參考網站
    1. 老地方冰果室，http://www.frostyplace.com/index.php?story_id=1700
    2. 水越設計，http://www.aguadesign.com
    3. 印樂網，http://www.myif.net
    4. 地方特色網，http://otop.moeasmea.gov.tw
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