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    题名: 國際能源安全之研究—以美國石油安全政策涉足中亞油源為例
    作者: 許庭瑜
    Hsu, Ting-Yu
    贡献者: 林碧炤
    Lin, Bin-Jaw
    許庭瑜
    Hsu, Ting-Yu
    关键词: 非傳統安全
    能源安全
    美國能源安全
    中亞
    □海
    Nontraditional Security
    Energy Security
    American Energy Security Policy
    Central Asia
    Caspian Sea
    日期: 2005
    上传时间: 2009-09-17 17:53:40 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 本文由新安全觀角度研究石油能源安全,由安全分析發現,任何影響石油供給的課題,都會成為安全議題的指涉對象;二戰結束後,因戰爭需求的石油使用動機轉變成為經濟發展的目的,因此經濟互動對能源安全的影響,加上自70年代末期後核能使用對環境破壞帶來的不確定性,更加重石油在能源市場的重要性,另一方面,環境議題的重視在90年代以來成為影響石油能源安全的重要「功能性行為者」,所以國際能源安全大致受到能源生產消費自身的限制、經濟發展與能源產業的互動,及環境管制的三面向的領域作用影響。

    由區域安全分析的層次來看,資源蘊藏與地域分配有密切關係,在60年代後石油躍升成主要的能源來源,加上石油輸出國家組織的成立,使石油生產集中的情況更加明顯,面對政治夾雜經濟的複雜供需情況,使區域安全分析成為研究能源安全的重要途徑。本文以美國涉足中亞之石油能源安全為例發現,因為能源生產分配集中,使油氣產地對更具戰略意義,然政治因素仍是目前影響美國石油安全的重要變因,但經濟及環境發展在能源安全政策整體制定上仍是不可或缺的內涵。
    The thesis is aimed to make the study of oil energy security in the viewpoint of new security concept. In the framework of security analysis, what may affect the oil security of supply will be possible to be the reference object of security agenda. And after the WW II, the purpose of oil using form the war fighting to economic development emphasize the importance between the energy security and economic interaction. With the environmental destruction uncertainties resulting from the nuclear using, the environmental issue became the main factor— the functional behavior within the framework of energy security analysis. Thus, international energy security is concerned by the aspects of the self-limitation of energy supplier, the interaction between the economic development and energy industries, and the environmental regulation.

    We can reach the conclusion that there is the close relation between the energy resource and regional distribution with the regional level of security analysis. In 60s, oil raise to be the main global energy source, and phenomenon of oil production centralization became more obvious after the foundation of OPEC. Facing the situation mixed with the energy supply and demand because of the political and economic reasons, it is the best method to take the way of regional security analysis to make the study of energy security.

    Besides, it concludes that the oil production place become more strategic as making the study of “American oil energy security policy set foot in Central Asia”. At the present time, political factor still ruling guides the American oil energy security; however, the environment development is indispensable in making the whole energy security policy.
    參考文獻: 一、英文資料
    (一) 英文專書
    Akiner, Shirin, The Caspian: Politics, Energy and Security, N.Y.: Routledge Curzon, 2004.
    Amirahmadai, Hooshang ed., The Caspian Region at a Crossroad, N.Y.: St. Martin’s Press, 2000.
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    Croissant, Cynthia, Azerbalijan, Oil and Geopolitics, N.Y.: Nova Science Publisher, 1998.
    Cummings, Sally N. ed., Oil Transition and Security in the Central Asia, N.Y.: Routledge Curzon.
    Deagle, Edwin A., The future of the International Oil Market, N.Y.: Group of Thirty, 1983. chapter 1.
    Dekmejian, R. Hrair & Simonian, Hovann H., Troubled Waters—The Geopolitics of the Caspian Region, N.Y.: I.B. Tauris & Co. Ltd., 2001.
    Desse, David A .& Nye, Joseph S. eds, Energy and Security, Ballinger Publishing Company, 1981, chapter1,3,4.
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    Fried, Edward R. & Trezise, Philp H., Oil Security Retrospect and Prospect , Washington D. C.: The Brookings Institute, 1993, chapter 3.
    Godement, Francois eds, Asia and Europe—Cooperating for Energy Security, Paris: Institute Francais des Relations Intenationales, 2004.
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    Ikenberry, G. John, Reasons of State—Oil politics and capacities of American government, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1988.
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    Karlsson, Svante, Oil and the world order, N.Y.: Berg Publishers Limited, 1986.
    Klare, Michael T. & Chandrani, Yogesh eds, World Security—Challenges for A New Century, N.Y.: St. Martin’s Press, 3rd edition, 1998, chapter 9.
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    (二) 英文期刊
    Araque, Ali Rodriguez, “OPEC and the Geopolitics of the International Oil and Gas Industry”, OPEC Bulletin (May 2001).
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    Dannreuther, Roland, The Gulf Conflict: A politics and strategic analysis, ADEPHI PAPERS 264, Winter 1991/92.
    Deese, David A., ”Energy: Economics, Politics, and Security”, International Security, Vol.14, Iss.3,(Winter 1979-1980).
    Edward, Morse, “The Battle for Energy Dominance”, Foreign Affairs, Vol.81, Issue 2, (Mar/Apr 2002).
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    Greene, David L., “Economic Scarcity”, Harvard International Review, Vol.19, Issue 3 (Summer 1997).
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    Joskow, Paul L., “United States Energy Policy during the 1990s”, Current History, Vol.101, No.653, (March 2002).
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    Kemp, Geoffrey, “The Persian Gulf Remains Strategic Prize”, Survival, Vol.40, No. 4, (Winter1998/1999).
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    (三) 研討會文章
    Lapidus, Gail W., “Central Asia in Russian and American Foreign Policy after September 11, 2001,” presented in the panel “Central Asia and Russia: Response to the war on terrorism” held in UC Berkley on October 29, 2001.
    (四) 政府出版品
    National Energy Policy Development Group, National Energy Policy —Reiable, Affordable, and Environmentally Sound Energy for America’s Future, Washington D.C: U.S Government Printing Office, 2001.
    United States Senate, Subcommittee on Multinational Corporations, Multinational Oil Corporations and U.S. Foreign Policy - REPORT together with individual views, to the Committee on Foreign Relations, Washington D.C: U.S Government Printing Office,1975.
    二、中文資料
    (一) 中文專書
    中國現代國際關係研究院經濟安全研究中心,「全球能源大棋局」,北京:時事出版社,2005年1月。
    王逸舟主編,「全球化時代的國際安全」,上海:人民,1999。
    安尼瓦爾.阿木提與張勝旺主編,「石油與國家安全」,烏魯木齊:新疆人民出版社,2003年12月。
    林丕旭譯(國際能源總署IEA 著),「世界能源展望」,經濟部能源委員會,民國72年10月,第五章。
    朱寧譯(Barry Buzan eds,),「新安全論」(Security: A New Framework of Analysis),杭州:浙江人民出版社,2003年2月。
    徐小杰,「新世紀的油氣地緣政治— 中國面臨的機遇與挑戰」,北京:社會科學文獻出版社,1998。
    唐昀,「大搏殺—世紀石油之爭」,北京:世界知識出版社,2004年6月。
    許志義等,「我國、日本與美國能源政策及其成效之比較研究」,行政院研究發展考核委員會,民國84年9月。
    陸忠偉,「非傳統安全論」,北京:時事出版社,2003年11月。
    童新耕譯(Michael T. Klare 著),「資源戰爭:全球衝突的新場景(Resource War)」,上海:上海譯文出版社,2002年。
    黃秋龍,「非傳統安全的理論與實踐」,臺北:法務部調查局,2004年6月。
    叢鵬主編,「大國安全觀比較」,北京:時事出版社,2004年7月。
    (二) 中文期刊
    李文志,「全球化對亞太安全理念的衝擊與重建:理論的初探」,『政治科學論叢』,第22期(民國93年12月)。
    周煦,「美國的中東政策」,『美國月刊』,第5卷,第8期(民國79年12月)。
    孫永祥,「能源安全與裡海盆地:利益、威脅及中國政策回應」,『國際經濟合作』,1999年第2期。
    趙志凌,「美國的新石油政策」,『美國月刊』,第6卷,第4期(民國80年4月)。
    陳芃,「看數字在說話--國際能源供需的情勢(上) 」,『能源報導』,2004年5月。
    董瑞麒,「第一次石油危機後消費國之應變措施—石油發展專題之五」,『問題與研究』,第21卷,第6期(民國71年3月)。
    董瑞麒,「第一次石油危機的成因與經過—石油發展專題之四」,『問題與研究』,第21卷,第5期(民國71年2月)。
    董瑞麒,「第一次石油危機的成因與經過」,『問題與研究』,第21卷,第5期(民國71年2月)。
    董瑞麒,「戰後世界石油市場結構之變化—石油發展專題研究之三」,第21卷,第2期(民國70年11月)。
    董瑞麒,「戰後美國石油產銷制度之形成與影響—石油發展專題研之二」,第20卷,第12期(民國70年9月)。
    董瑞琪,「國際石油壟斷制度之形成—石油發展專題之一」,『問題與研究』,第二卷,第十期 (民國70年7月)。
    董瑞麒,「石油與兩伊戰爭」,『問題與研究』,第20卷,第2期(民國69年11月)。
    鄒念祖,「美國府會對波灣用兵的爭議與共識」,『問題與研究』,第30卷,第6期(民國80年6月)。
    蕭慕俊,「石油產業的合併風潮」,『能源追蹤』,2005年5月。
    (三) 政府出版品
    行政院經濟建設委員會經濟研究處,「世界能源供需與各國能源政策」,民國72年12月。
    行政院研究發展考核委員會,「各國能源政策與措施」,民國71年5月。
    行政院經濟設計委員會經濟研究處,「國際石油價格問題與能源政策」,民國66年11月。
    行政院經濟設計委員會經濟研究處,「世界能源問題之本質及其對策」,民國64年1月。
    三、網路資料
    Azerbaijan International http://www.azer.com/
    大英線上 http://wordpedia.eb.com/
    中華民國經濟部能源局,http://www.moeaboe.gov.tw/
    美國能源總署資訊局 (U.S. Energy Information Administration) http://www.eia.doe.gov/
    經濟合作開發組織 (OECD) http://www.opec.org
    石油國家輸出組織(OPEC) http://www.oecd.org
    英國石油公司(BP) www.bp.com
    國際能源總署(IEA) www.iea.org.
    描述: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    外交研究所
    92253008
    94
    資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0922530081
    数据类型: thesis
    显示于类别:[外交學系] 學位論文

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