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| Title: | 俄羅斯與歐盟政經關係研究 A Study of the Political and Economic Relations between Russia and the EU |
| Authors: | 張德輝 |
| Contributors: | 薩支遠
張德輝 |
| Keywords: | 俄羅斯
歐盟
歐盟東擴
歐洲整合
俄羅斯與歐盟夥伴關係
Russia
European Union (EU)
EU enlargement
European integration
EU-Russia partnership |
| Date: | 2005 |
| Issue Date: | 2009-09-17 17:44:42 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 1990 年代俄羅斯與歐盟的關係並不是很熱絡，雙方皆因專注於內部的改革而對彼此興趣缺缺。葉爾欽政府對於歐盟充滿了無知與誤解，而布魯塞爾對於中、東歐國家的關注也遠超過俄羅斯。不過，90年代末期之後，隨著歐盟東擴的進行與雙方經貿互賴程度越來越深，莫斯科再也無法承擔誤解歐盟的後果。同時，歐盟亦為了穩定東擴後的東部邊境，不得不與俄羅斯進一步的加強合作。然而，俄羅斯與歐盟的政經關係日益密切，彼此間隱含的問題也一一浮現。
俄羅斯與歐盟無論是在安全、反恐、車臣、民主、人權、內政與司法事務、加里寧格勒、經貿與能源、世貿組織、京都議定書以及環境保護等議題上都存在著巨大的認知差異與分歧，使得雙方很難有真誠的合作。不過，若要因此強調俄羅斯與歐盟的衝突面似乎太過於悲觀。因為，與歐洲整合並非不符合俄羅斯的國家利益，而歐盟遇到困難便會再協商或擱置爭議的特殊運作模式也讓它在與俄羅斯的交往過程中不至於陷入危機。俄羅斯與歐盟還是能夠透過不斷的對話、談判與妥協來解決紛爭，雙方的夥伴關係仍然有相當大的發展潛力。
In the 1990s, the relationship between Russia and the EU was not very enthusiastic. Both parties concentrated mainly on their own internal reforms, and therefore they had no interest in each other. Yeltsin’s regime was full of ignorance and misunderstanding about the EU, and Brussels also paid much more attention on the Central and Eastern European states than on Russia. However, since the late 1990s, the EU’s enlargement has been underway, and the level of interdependence between the EU and Russia has become higher and higher, Moscow can no longer afford the consequences of misunderstanding about the EU. Meanwhile, in order to stabilize the EU’s eastern border after enlargement, the EU has no choice but to enhance cooperation with Russia. Nevertheless, the closer political and economic relationship between Russia and the EU becomes, the more underlying problems emerge.
There is a wide cognitive gap and many disputes between Russia and the EU over various issues, such as security, anti-terrorism, Chechnya, democracy, human rights, justice and home affairs, Kaliningrad, economic and trade, energy, WTO, Kyoto Protocol and environmental protection, etc. Therefore, it is unlikely for them to engage in any serious cooperation. However, it would be too pessimistic to highlight the aspects of conflicts for the above reason, because integration with Europe is also corresponding to Russia’s national interests. Besides, the EU’s particular working model of consulting with each other again and again or leaving aside the disagreements when encountering problems prevents the disputes between the EU and Russia from escalating to crisis. Russia and the EU can solve problems through talks, negotiations and compromises. It still has great potential for the further development of partnership between Russia and the EU. |
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Mihkelson, Marko, “Baltic-Russian Relations in Light of Expanding NATO and EU,” Demokratizatsiya, Vol. 11, No. 2 (Spring 2003).
Missiroli, Antonio, “EU Enlargement and CFSP/ESDP,” European Integration, Vol. 25, No. 1 (March 2003).
Nye, Joseph S., “U.S. Power and Strategy After Iraq,” Foreign Affairs, Vol. 82, No. 4 (July/August 2003).
Potemkina, Olga, “Some Ramifications of Enlargement on the EU-Russia Relations and the Schengen Regime,” European Journal of Migration and Law, Vol. 5, No. 2 (April 2003).
Romanova, Tatiana and Natalia Zaslavskaya, “EU-Russia: Towards the Four Space,” Baltic Defence Review, Vol. 2, No. 12 (2004).
Rontoyanni, Clelia, “So far, so good? Russia and the ESDP,” International Affairs, Vol. 78, No. 4 (October 2002).
Rupnik, Jacques, “Eastern Europe: The International Context,” Journal of Democracy, Vol. 11, No. 2 (April 2000).
Smith, Martin A. and Graham Timmins, “Russia, NATO and the EU in an Era of Enlargement: Vulnerability or Opportunity?” Geopolitics, Vol. 6, No. 1 (Summer 2001).
Steele, Jonathan, “From Russia with love: After summits in St. Petersburg and Evian, is Vladimir Putin signalling that Russia has become part of the west’s family? America thinks so,” The Guardian (5 June 2003).
Straus, Ira, “Western Common Homes and Russian National Identities: How Far East Can the EU and NATO Go, and Where Does That Leave Russia?” European Security, Vol. 8, No. 4 (Winter 2001).
Tiersky, Ronald, “Big Bang of 2004,” Headline Series, No. 326 (Fall 2004).
Timmins, Graham, “Coping with the New Neighbours: The Evolution of European Union Policy towards Russia,” Perspectives on European Politics and Society, Vol. 5, No. 2 (August 2004).
Timmins, Graham, “Strategic or Pragmatic Partnership? The European Union’s Policy Towards Russia Since the End of the Cold War,” European Security, Vol. 11, No. 4 (Winter 2002).
Treacher, Adrian, “Europe as a Power Multiplier for French Security Policy: Strategic Consistency, Tactical Adaption,” European Security, Vol. 10, No. 1 (Spring 2001).
Treisman, Daniel, “Russia Renewed?” Foreign Affairs, Vol. 81, No. 6 (November/December 2002).
Trenin, Dmitri, “Russia, the EU and the common neighbourhood,” Centre for European Reform (September 2005).
Twohey, Megan, “Putin Says Russia Was Ready to Alter ABM,” The Moscow Times (18 December 2001).
Voskopoulos, George, “U.S. Terrorism, International Security, and Leadership: Toward a U.S.-EU-Russia Security Triangle,” Demokratizatsiya, Vol. 11, No. 2 (Spring 2003).
Wörner, Manfred, “NATO Transformed: The Significance of the Rome Summit,” NATO Review, Vol. 39, No. 6 (December 1991).
Yavlinsky, Grigory, “Russia’s Phony Capitalism,” Foreign Affairs, Vol. 77, No. 3 (May/June 1998).
Zeppernick, Ralf, “Effects of Euro on Trade, Capital Markets and the International Monetary System,” Intereconomics, Vol. 34, No. 6 (November/December 1999).
德文專書：
Haftendorn, Helga, Deutsche Außenpolitik zwischen Selbstbeschränkung und Selbstbehauptung (Stuttgart: Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, 2001).
Kirt, Romain, Hrsg., Die Europäische Union und ihre Krisen (Baden-Baden: Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft, 2001).
Lüdeke, Axel, Europäisierung der deutschen Außen- und Sicherheitspolitik? (Opladen: Leske + Budrich, 2002).
Pechstein, Matthias und Christian Koenig, Die Europäische Union (Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2000).
Schubert, Klaus und Gisela Müller-Brandeck-Bocquet, Hrsg., Die Europäische Union als Akteur der Weltpolitik (Opladen: Leske + Budrich, 2000).
Wagner, Wolfgang, Die Konstruktion einer europäischen Außenpolitik (Frankfurt: Campus Verlag, 2001).
德文報章、期刊：
Batt, Judy, „Neue Nachbarn im Osten: Die Außengrenzen der erweiterten EU,“ Internationale Politik, Jg. 59, Nr. 4 (April 2004).
Danilow, Dmitrij, „Russlands Interessen: Pragmatismus und Suche nach Balancen,“ Internationale Politik, Jg. 59, Nr. 3 (März 2004).
tz, Roland, „Liberale Marktwirtschaft in autoritärem Umfeld: Russlands Wirtschaft vor Putins zweiter Amtszeit,“ Internationale Politik, Jg. 59, Nr. 3 (März 2004).
Lebahn, Axel, „Intrigen und Reformen: Die Wirtschaft als Motor der Politik Putins,“ Internationale Politik, Jg. 59, Nr. 3 (März 2004).
Maeder-Metcalf, Beate, „Eine unendliche Geschichte? Der Krieg in Tschetschenien,“ Internationale Politik, Jg. 59, Nr. 3 (März 2004).
Pflüger, Friedbert, „Kritik muss erlaubt sein: Russland ist kein Ausnahmepartner,“ Internationale Politik, Jg. 59, Nr. 3 (März 2004).
Pond, Elizabeth, „Frühlings Erwachen: Die USA und Europa rücken näher zusammen,“ Internationale Politik, Jg. 59, Nr. 4 (April 2004).
Rahr, Alexander, „Der kalte Frieden: Putins Russland und der Westen,“ Internationale Politik, Jg. 59, Nr. 3 (März 2004).
Walter, Norbert, „In Bewegung bleiben: Chancen und Herausforderungen des Big Bang,“ Internationale Politik, Jg. 59, Nr. 4 (April 2004).
Weidenfeld, Werner und Josef Janning, „Europas Alternativen: Gestaltungsoptionen für die große EU,“ Internationale Politik, Jg. 59, Nr. 4 (April 2004).
Wieck, Jasper, „Parteien im System Putin: Russland auf dem Weg zurück in die Einparteienherrscahft?“ Internationale Politik, Jg. 59, Nr. 3 (März 2004).
俄文報章、期刊：
“К 2015 году на месте России будет 8 государств,” Комсомольская Правда (14 Мая 2004).
Данилов, Дмитрий Александрович, “Общее Пространство Внешней Беэопасности Росси и ЕС: Амбиции и Реальность,” Мировая Экономика и Международные Отношения, № 2 (Февраль 2005).
Путин, Владимир, “Россия на Рубеже Тысячелетий,” Независимая Газета (30 Декабря 1999).
Скоров, Георгий Ефимович, “Россия-Евросоюэ: Вопросы Стратегического Партнерства,” Мировая Экономика и Международные Отношения, № 3 (Март 2005).
Юданов, Юрий Игнатьевич, “Единое Европейское Пространство и Россия,” Мировая Экономика и Международные Отношения, № 2 (Февраль 2005).
英文網路資料：
“Commission calls for the strengthening of EU-Russia relations,” European Commission, at europa.eu.int/comm./external_relations/russia/intro/ip04_187.htm.
“Communication from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament on relations with Russia,” European Commission, available at europa.eu.int/comm/external_relations/russia/russia_docs/com04_106_en.pdf.
“Cross-Border Cooperation,” The European Commission’s Delegation to Russia, at www.delrus.cec.eu.int/en/p_212.htm.
“Disarmament and Non-Poliferation,” The European Commission’s Delegation to Russia, at www.delrus.cec.eu.int/en/p_215.htm.
“Economics and Trade,” The European Commission’s Delegation to Russia, at www.delrus.cec.eu.int/en/p_216.htm.
“Energy,” The European Commission’s Delegation to Russia, at www.delrus.cec.eu.int/en/p_217.htm.
“Enlargement: Basic Arguments,” European Commission, at www.eu.int/comm/enlargement/arguments/index.htm.
“Environment,” The European Commission’s Delegation to Russia, at www.delrus.cec.eu.int/en/p_231.htm.
“EU and Russia sign renewed science and technology co-operation agreement,” European Commission, at europa.eu.int/comm/external_relations/russia/summit11_03/ip03_1509.htm.
“EU Enlargement: A Historic Opportunity,” European Commission, at www.eu.int/comm/enlargement/intro/criteria.htm.
“Euro-zone finance minister, ECB head meet,” Businessweek (5 December 2005), at www.businessweek.com/ap/financialnews/D8EA9FIG0.htm.
“General Affairs & External Relations Council,” European Commission, at europa.eu.int/comm/external_realtions/russia/intro/gac.htm.
“General information about ECHO,” The European Commission’s Delegation to Russia, at www.delrus.cec.eu.int/en/p_229.htm.
“Higher Education,” The European Commission’s Delegation to Russia, at www.delrus.cec.eu.int/en/p_220.htm.
“Industry,” The European Commission’s Delegation to Russia, at www.delrus.cec.eu.int/en/p_232.htm.
“Investment,” The European Commission’s Delegation to Russia, at www.delrus.cec.eu.int/en/p_222.htm.
“Justice, Freedom and Security,” The European Commission’s Delegation to Russia, at www.delrus.cec.eu.int/en/p_223.htm.
“MEMO: The Kyoto Protocol,” The European Commission’s Delegation to Russia, at www.delrus.cec.eu.int/en/news_681.htm.
“Northern Dimension,” The European Commission’s Delegation to Russia, at www.delrus.cec.eu.int/en/p_225.htm.
“Rome Summit lays the foundations for a stronger NATO-Russia relationship,” NATO Update (28 May 2002), at www.nato.int/docu/update/2002/05-may/e0528a.htm.
“Russia-WTO: EU-Russia deal brings Russia a step closer to WTO membership,” European Commission (21 May 2004), at europa.eu.int/comm./trade/issues/bilateral/countries/russia/pr210504_en.htm.
“Science and Technology,” The European Commission’s Delegation to Russia, at www.delrus.cec.eu.int/en/p_227.htm.
“Security and Defence,” The European Commission’s Delegation to Russia, at www.delrus.cec.eu.int/en/p_228.htm.
“Space,” The European Commission’s Delegation to Russia, at www.delrus.cec.eu.int/en/p_229.htm.
“Tacis: Overview,” European Commission, at www.europa.eu.int/comm/external_relations/ceeca/tacis/index.htm.
“Transport,” The European Commission’s Delegation to Russia, at www.delrus.cec.eu.int/en/p_230.htm.
“The EU’s Relations with Russia: Overview,” European Commission, at www.eu.int/comm/external_relations/russia/intro/index.htm.
“The European Neighbourhood Policy,” European Commission, at www.eu.int/comm/world/enp/policy_en.htm.
“The Mechanisms under the Kyoto Protocol: Joint Implementation, the Clean Development Mechanism and Emissions Trading,” United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, at unfccc.int./kyoto_mechanisms/items/1673.php.
“Yeltsin warns of possible world war over Kosovo,” CNN (9 April 1999), at www.cnn.com/WORLD/europe/9904/09/kosovo.diplomacy.02/.
EU Common Strategy on Russia, available at europa.eu.int/comm/external_relations/ceeca/com_strat/russia_99.pdf.
Haine, Jean-Yves, “ESDP: an overview,” Institute for Security Studies, at www.iss-eu.org/esdp/01-jyh.pdf.
Nicoll, Alexander, “Review Essay: Getting Serious,” Centre for European Reform (2004), at www.cer.org.uk/pdf/survival_rev_way_war04.pdf.
Partnership and Cooperation Agreement between the EU and Russia, available at europa.eu.int/comm/external_relations/ceeca/pca/pca_russia.pdf.
Putin, Vladimir, “Annual Address to the Federal Assembly,” President of Russia: Official Web Portal (25 April 2005), available at www.kremlin.ru/eng/text/speeches/2005/04/25/2031_type70029_87086.shtml.
Putin, Vladimir, “Annual Address to the Federal Assembly,” President of Russia: Official Web Portal (8 July 2000), available at www.kremlin.ru/eng/text/speeches/2000/07/08/0000_type70029_70658.shtml.
Putin, Vladimir, “Annual Address to the Federal Assembly,” President of Russia: Official Web Portal (18 April 2002), available at www.kremlin.ru/eng/text/speeches/2002/04/18/0000_type70029_70662.shtml.
Russia: Country Strategy Paper 2002~2006 & National Indicative Programme 2002~2003, available at europa.eu.int/comm/external_relations/russia/csp/02-06_en.pdf.
Russia: National Indicative Programme 2004~2006, available at europa.eu.int/comm/external_relations/russia/csp/04-06_en.pdf.
Russia’s Middle Term Strategy towards the EU (2000~2010), available at www.delrus.cec.eu.int/en/p_245.htm.
Trenin, Dmitri, “Russia and anti-terrorism,” Carnegie Moscow Center, at www.carnegie.ru/en/pubs/media/72290.htm.
德文網路資料：
„EU unterstützt Russlands Pläne für WTO-Beitritt,“ ZDF (6 November 2003), at www.heute.t-online.de/ZDFheute/artikel/5/0,1367,POL-0-2079461,00.html.
Gannott, Susanne, „Die Demokratie Russland macht Pause,“ ZDF (6 November 2003), at www.zdf.de/ZDFde/inhalt/28/0,1872,2077468,00.html.
俄文網路資料：
“Военная Доктрина Российской Федерации,” Совет Безопасности Российской Федерации, avalible at www.scrf.gov.ru/documents/decree/2000_706_1.shtml.
“Концепция Внешней Политики Российской Федерации,” Совет Безопасности Российской Федерации, avalible at www.scrf.gov.ru/documents/decree/2000_x.shtml.
“Концепция Национальной Безопасности Российской Федерации,” Совет Безопасности Российской Федерации, avalible at www.scrf.gov.ru/documents/decree/2000_24_1.shtml.
“Энергетическая Стратегия России на Период до 2020 Года,” Министерство Промышленности и Энергетики России, available at www.mte.gov.ru/files/103/1354.strategy.pdf. |
| Description: | 碩士
國立政治大學
俄羅斯研究所
91263003
94 |
| Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0912630031 |
| Data Type: | thesis |
| Appears in Collections: | [俄羅斯研究所] 學位論文
|
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