| Reference: | 一、中文書目
王湘茹(1991)。《沈默的螺旋理論實證研究---以週休二日制為例》。
私立輔仁大學大眾傳播研究所碩士論文。
王嵩音(2003年11月)。〈第三人效果與表達意願--- 以2002年台北市市長選舉為例〉，「2002年台灣選舉欲民主化調查國際學術研討會」論文。台北，木柵。
林淑敏(1991)。《沈默的螺旋理論實證研究》。私立輔仁大學大眾傳播研究所碩士論文。
林麗雯(1992)。《沈默的螺旋理論實證研究---以『國中畢業生自願就學方案』之議題為例》。私立輔仁大學大眾傳播研究所碩士論文。
周玫楓(2002)。《以沈默螺旋理論探討不同政治立場選民之表達意願因素：以九十年台北縣縣長為例》。國立南華大學傳播管理研究所碩士。
翁秀琪(1998)。大眾傳播理論與實證。台北：三民書局。
翁秀琪(1997)。〈選民意見的形成---以民國八十二年台北縣長選舉為例檢驗『沈默螺旋理論』〉，《新聞學研究》，55:160-182。
孫秀蕙(1994)。《民意理論中的死硬派之研究—以『興建核四』議題為例》。國科會論文研究報告。
諾爾紐曼(1994)。民意---沈默螺旋的發現之旅（Öffentliche Meinung: die Entdeckung der Schweigespirale.）（翁秀琪等譯）。台北：遠流。 （原作1991年出版）
二、英文書目
Asch, S. E. (1951). Effects of group pressure upon the modification and distortion of judgment. In D.Cartwright and A. Zander(2nd Eds), Group Dynamics Research and Theory(pp189-200). New York: Harper &Row Publishers.
Breed, Warren, & Ktsanes, Thomas (1961). Pluralistic ignorance in the process of opinion formation. Public Opinion Quarterly, 25, 382-392.
Dawes, R. M. (1989). Statistical criteria for establishing truly false consensus effect, Journal of Experimental social psychology, 25,1-17.
Festinger, L. (1957) A theory of cognitive dissonance. Stanford Calif.: Stanford University Press.
Field M. James, & Schuman, Howard (1976). Public beliefs about the beliefs of the public. Public Opinion Quarterly, 40, 427-448.
Jeffres, L. W et al. (1999). Spiral of silence: opinion when the climate of opinion is unambiguous. Political Communication, 16, 115-131.
Glynn, Carroll J. (1987). The communication of public opinion. Journalism Quarterly, 64, 688-697.
Glynn, Carroll J.(1989). Perception of other’s opinion as a component of public opinion. Social Science Research, 18, 53-69.
Glynn, Carroll J. & McLeod, Jack M. (1982). Public opinion communication processes and voting decisions. In Michael Burgoon (Ed.), Communication Yearbook 6 (pp.759-774). Beverly Hills: Sage
Glynn, Carroll J. & McLeod, Jack M. (1984). Public opinion du jour: an examination of the spiral silence. Public Opinion Quarterly, 48, 731-740
Glynn, Carroll J. & McLeod, Jack M. (1985). Implications of the spiral of silence theory for communication and public opinion research. In Keith R.Sanders, L.L. Kaid, & Dan
Nimmo (Eds.), Political Communication Yearbook (pp.43-68). Carbondale: South Illinois University Press.
Glynn, Carroll J., Ostman, Ronald E. & Mcdonald, Daniel G. (1995). Opinions perception, and social reality. In Theodore L. Glasser and Charles T. Salmon (Eds), Public opinion and the communication of consent (PP.249-277). New York: Guilford press.
Kruflanski, A.W. & Mayseless, O.(1987) Motivational effect in the school comparison of opinion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 53, 834-53.
Lasorsa, L. Dominic (1991). Polotical Outspokenness : working Against the spiral of silence. Journalism Quarterly, 68(1/2), 131-140.
MacDonald, Daniel G., Glynn, Carroll J., Kim, Sei-Hill & Ostman, Ronald E. (2001). The spiral of silence in the 1948 Presidential election. Communication Research, 28(2), 139-155.
Major, Ann Marie (2000). Correlates of accuracy and inaccuracy in the perception of the climate of opinion for four environmental issues. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 77(2), 223-242.
Moscovici, S.(1985). Social influence and conformity. In G.Lindzey & E.Aronson (3nd Eds), The Handbook of Social Psychology(pp.347-412). New York:Random House.
Moscovici, S.(1991). Silent Majority and loud minorities. In J. A. Anderson(Eds.), Communication Yearbook1(pp.298-308). Newbury park, CA:SAGE.Mugny, G. & Perez, J.A. (1991). The social psychology of minority influence. Cambridge England: Cambridge University Press.
Mutz, Diana C. & Soss, Joe (1997). Reading public opinion :the influence of news coverage on perception of public sentiment. Public Opinion Quarterly, 61, 431-451.
Neuwirth, Kurt (2000). Testing the spiral of silence model: the case of mexico. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 12(2), 138-159.
Noelle-Neumann, Elizabeth (1974). The spiral of silence a theory of public opinion.Journal of Communication, 24(2), 43-51.
Noelle-Neumann, Elizabeth (1977). Turbulences in the climate of opinion：methodological application. Journal of Communication, 24, 43-51.
Noelle-Neumann, Elizabeth (1979). Public opinion and the classical tradition :a re-evaluation. Public Opinion Quarterly, 43(2), 143-156.
Noelle-Neumann, Elizabeth (1984). The spiral of silence public opinion- our social skin. Chicago: the University of Chicago press.
Noelle-Neumann, Elizabeth (1991). the theory of public opinion the concept of the spiral of silence. In James A. Anderson, (Ed.) Communication Yearbook 14 (pp.256-278). Newbury Park:Sage.
O’Gorman, Hubert J. (1975). Pluralistic ignorance white estimates of white support for racial segregation. The Public Opinion Quarterly, 39(3), 313-330.
O’Gorman Hubert J., & Garry, Stephen L. (1976). Pluralistic ignorance:a replication and extension. Public Opinion Quarterly, 40(4), 449-458.
O’Gorman Hubert (1979). White & black perceprtions of racial value. Public Opinion Quarterly, 43(1), 48-59.
O’Gorman, Hubert J. (1986). The discovery of pluralistic ignorance : an ironic Lesson. Journal of History of the Behavioral Sciences, 22,333-347.
Papastamou. & Mugny G. (1985). Rigidity and minority influence: the influence of the social in social influence. In Moscovici S. et la (Eds), Perspectives on minority influence(pp.113-136). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Price, Vincent & Allen, Scott(1990). Opinion spirals, silent and otherwise applying small-group research to public opinion phenomena. Communication Research, 17 (3), 369-392.
Price, Vincent & Oshagan, Hatg(1995). Social-psychological perspectives on public opinion. In Theodore L. Glasser and Charles T. Salmon (Eds), Public opinion and the communication of consent (PP.177-126). New York: Guilford press.Salmon, Charles T. & Oshagan, Hatg (1990). Community size, perceptions of Majority opinion, and opinion expression. In Larissa A. Grunig & James E. Grunig(Eds.), Public Relations Research Annual v2 (pp.157-172). New Jersey:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc,.
Salmon, Charles T. & Neuwirth, Kurt (1990). Perception of opinion “climates” and willingness to discuss the issue of abortion. Journalism Quarterly, 67(3), 567-577.
Shmair Jacbo, (1993). Pluralistic ignorance revisited: perception of opinion distributions in Israel. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 5(1), 22-39.
Shmair Jacbo, & Shmair, Maichal (2000). The anatomy of public. United States: The university of Michigan press.
Shmair Jacbo, & Shmair, Maichal (1997). Pluralistic ignorance across issue and over time :information cues and biases. Public Opinion Quarterly, 61, 227-260.
Smith, Don D. (1968). Cognitive Consistency and the perception of others` opinions. Public Opinion Quarterly, 32(1), 1-15.
Stouffer, S.A., (1949). The American soldier: Adjustment during army life. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Taifel, H. (1982). Social psychology of intergroup relations. Annual Review of Psychology, 33, 1-39.
Taylor, D. Garth (1982). Pluralistic ignorance and the spiral of silence: a formal analysis. Public Opinion Quarterly, 46, 311-335.
Turner, J.C. (1985). Social categorization and the self concept: a social cognitive theory of group behavior. In E.J.Lawler(Ed), Advances in Group Processes v2,(pp77-122). Greenwich, CT:JAI Press.
Rimmer, Tonny & Howard, Mark (1990). Pluralistic ignorance and the spiral of silence :the test of the role of the mass media in the spiral of silence hypothesis. Mass Communication Research, 17(1-2), 47-56. |
