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    题名: GATS物流服務之研究
    作者: 劉瀠嘉
    贡献者: 張新平
    劉瀠嘉
    关键词: 物流服務
    各式運輸輔助服務
    分類
    定義
    物流服務清單
    杜哈回合談判
    logistics services
    services auxiliary to all modes of transport
    classification
    definition
    freight logistics checklist
    Doha round negotiaiton
    日期: 2007
    上传时间: 2009-09-17 14:28:50 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 隨著全球化趨勢以及企業間越加激烈之競爭關係，生產者為滿足消費者之即時需求，即常透過多式運送模式將商品跨國快速遞送。物流服務之涵蓋範圍因而越發廣泛並持續擴展，除了實體之商品配送服務，並完善整合不同運送模式，且將高效率之管理、關務與其他商業活動納入範疇。此種整合型物流服務之出現，除了免除生產者與貿易商物流管理之額外負擔，以利其專注本業外，高品質之物流服務尚可提昇運輸服務業之生產力，同時並增進全球經濟福利之發展。

    鑑於物流服務以及供應鏈管理服務均非屬W/120中之獨立部門，WTO會員即以CPC為基礎發展出物流服務清單與相關提案，以期提昇物流服務在市場開放與國民待遇之承諾情形。

    本文首先介紹物流服務之貿易實務，概述物流服務之貿易概況、產業趨勢與貿易障礙；其次探討GATS 架構下物流服務之相關規範與會員提案，並分別就相關之GATS條文與會員提案發展為剖析。此外，本文並分析WTO會員就物流服務之現行承諾狀況與新回合之開放情形。最後，本文以物流服務之分類議題、定義議題與相關服務之新回合談判進展為重點，進行深入之分析並嘗試提出可行之解決之道。
    In the wake of globalization and increasingly fierce competition, goods often need to be transported through several countries (by road, rail, air or water) as quickly as possible in order to respond "just in time" to customer demand. Logistics services comprise a wide range of services and are constantly evolving In addition to the physical transportation of goods, based on an optimized combination of available modes of transport, it involves the efficient handling of management, customs and other business matters. The existence of integrated logistics services relieve manufacturers and traders of the burden of logistics management and allow them to focus on their core competencies. High-quality logistics services could also increase the productivity of the transport sector, and improve global economic welfare at the same time.

    Since neither logistics nor supply chain management is identified as a distinct industry on the W/120, WTO members that rely on the CPC have advocated developing a freight logistics checklist and related proposals in the hope of improving meaningful market access and national treatment commitments for logistics services.

    The thesis first introduces the practices of trade in logistics services, including the profiles, trends of industrial development, and trade barriers on trade in logistics services. Then the thesis discusses the related regulations and proposals of logistics services under the GATS framework, explaining the related GATS articles for logistics servies and clarifying their influence as well. Besides, the thesis also exam members’ existing commitments and offers on the logistics services. Finally, the thesis focuses on the classification, definition and negotiation issues on the logistics services, analyzing existing difficulties and trying to submit possible solutions.
    參考文獻: 一、中文文獻
    （一）書籍、研究報告
    1. Douglas C. Long、蘇雄義、賈凱傑，《全球運籌：國際物流管理》，華泰出版社，2005年3月。
    2. 中華徵信所，《國際金融貿易大辭典》，中華徵信出版社，2005年01月。
    3. 石靜霞，《WTO服務貿易專論》，法律出版社，2006年4月。
    4. 行政院經濟建設委員會，《服務業發展綱領及行動方案》，行政院經濟建設委員會, 2004年12月。
    5. 林正章、王在欣、林峻民、王偲綸，《我國參與國際經貿組織新興經濟議題之規劃與分析：物流服務業現況分析與自由化政策》，行政院經濟建設委員會委託專案研究計畫，2004年。
    6. 張有恆，《現代物流管理》，華泰文化出版社，2005年5月。
    7. 張新平，《世界貿易組織下之服務貿易》，元照出版社，1996年3月。
    8. 張福榮，《物流業經營管理》，五南出版社，2006年3月。
    9. 彭心儀，《WTO服務貿易與通訊科技法律》，元照出版社，2005年9月。
    10. 黃立、李貴英、林彩瑜合著，《WTO國際貿易法論》，元照出版社，2001年2月。
    11. 經濟部商業司，《2006台灣物流年鑑》，經濟部 ，2007年6月。
    12. 楊光華，《WTO新回合服務貿易談判對我國之影響及因應措施》，行政院經濟建設委員會委託專案研究計畫，2001年12月。
    13. 鄭丁旺、周玲臺、張新平合著，《我國加入WTO對會計師業之影響及因應之道》，台灣證券交易所，1997年11月。
    14. 羅昌發，《國際貿易法》，元照出版社，2004年9月。
    15. 蘇雄義，《物流與運籌管理：觀念、機能、整合》，華泰文化出版社，2005年1月。
    （二）專論與期刊文章
    1. 彭心儀，〈由美國禁止網路賭博爭端案論服務貿易市場開放及國民待遇之規範解釋與體系建構〉，《政大法學評論》，第85期，2005年6月。
    2. 楊光華，〈電子商務時代之服務貿易〉，《商事法暨財經法論文集 : 王仁宏教授六十歲生日祝賀論文集》，元照出版社，1999年。
    （三）學位論文
    1.方念德，《我國國際物流未來發展之研究》，國立政治大學經營管理碩士學程資訊管理組畢業論文，2005年1月。
    2. 林伊君，《GATS同類服務與服務提供者問題之研究》，國立政治大學法律研究所碩士論文，2008年1月。
    3. 姜照斌，《國際物流產業相關法律問題之研究》，私立東吳大學法律系碩士論文，2003年7月。
    4. 洪佳琳，《由安地瓜控告美國禁止線上博奕案—探討服務貿易之部門分類標準》，國立政治大學國際貿易研究所碩士論文，2004年7月。
    5. 陳世鋒，《我國海運進口貨物通關便捷化與風險防衞機制之研究》，國立海洋大學航運管理學系碩士在職專班碩士論文，2003年12月。
    6. 陳蒨儀，《我國加入世界貿易組織後法律服務之發展方向與相關問題研究》，國立政治大學法律研究所碩士論文，1999年6月。
    7. 鄭琮憲，《GATS郵政快遞服務貿易相關問題之硏究 : 以分類標準與到達費議題為中心》，國立政治大學國際貿易研究所碩士論文，2005年6月。
    8. 蘇妍旭，《空運服務與WTO相關規範之研究》，國立政治大學法律研究所碩士論文，2002年7月。
    二、英文文獻
    （一）書籍
    1. Hoekman Bernard M. and Kostecki Michel M., The Political Economy of the World Trading System--- The WTO and Beyond (2001)
    2. Philip Marc Raworth, Trade in services : global regulation and the impact on key service sectors (2005)
    3. WTO, Guide to the GATS: An Overview of Issues for Further Liberalization of Trade in Services (2000)
    4. United Nations, Central Products Classification Version 1.1, Statistic Papers, Series M NO. 77 (2002)
    5. United Nations, Provisional Central Products Classification, Statistic Papers, Series M NO. 77
    6. WTO, An Handbook on GATS (Cambridge University Press 2005)
    （二）專論與期刊文章
    1. Adlung Rudolf, Services Negotiations in the Doha Round: Lost in Flexibility?, Mini-Symposium: The Future Geometry of WTO Law, 9 J. Int`l Econ. L. 865 (December, 2006)
    2. Adlung Rudolf, The Future Geometry of WTO Law, 9 J. Int’l Econ. L. 865 (December, 2006)
    3. Bhagwati Jagdish, Afterword: the Question of Linkage, Symposium: The Boundaries of the WTO, 96 Am. J. Int`l L. 126 (January, 2002)
    4. Charnovitz Steve, The World Trade Organization in 2020, 1 J. Int`l L. & Int`l Rel. 167 (2004)
    5. Charnovitz Steve, Triangulating the World Trade Organization, Symposium: The Boundaries of the WTO, 96 Am. J. Int`l L. 28 (January, 2002)
    6. Hoffman Kurt C., Just What is a 4PL Anyway, Global Logistics & Supply Chain Strategies (August, 2000)
    7. Hufbauer Gary & Stephenson Sherry, Services Trade: Past Liberalization and Future Challenges, 10 J. Int`l Econ. L. 605 (September, 2007)
    8. Leroux Eric H, Eleven Years of GATS Case Law: What Have We Learned?, 10 J. Int’l Econ. L. 749 (December, 2007)
    9. Lovett William A., Bargaining Challenges and Conflicting Interests: Implementing the Doha Round, 17 Am. U. Int`l L. Rev. 951 (2002)
    10. Roberts Christopher, Liberalising International Trades in Services Through the WTO: How Rich and Poor Countries Alike Will gain, Int. T.L.R. 2007, 13(3), 51-56 (2007)
    （三）研究報告
    1. Bayles Deborah L., E-logistics& E-fulfillment: Beyond the “Buy” Button, UNCTAD Workshop (June, 2002)
    2. Dantuma L.M.Y. & Hawkins R.W., E-commerce in the logistics sector Assessing the effects on the logistics value chain, TNO and Telematica Instituut (6 August, 2001)
    3. Faust Peter, WTO and Maritime Issues, UNCTAD (October, 2000)
    4. Nordas Hildegunn K.& Pinali Enrico& Grosso Massimo Geloso, Logistics and Time as a Trade Barrier, OECD Trade Policy Working Papers, No. 35 (2006)
    5. Langley Jr. C. John& Allen Gary R.& Colombo Mark J., Third-Party Logistics Study Results and Findings of the 2003 Eighth Annual Study (2003)
    6. OECD, Digital Delivery in Distribution& Logistics, DSTI/ICCP/IE(2004)17/FINAL (21 April, 2005)
    7. OECD, Transport Logistics: Shared Solutions to Common Challenges (2002)
    8. OECD, Assessing Barriers to Trade in Services, The Scheduling of Economic Needs Tests in the GATS: An Overview, TD/TC/WP(2000)11/FINAL (September, 2000)
    9. Service Industries and Capital Projects Branch, Logistics and Supply Chain: Overview and Prospects, Sector Competitiveness Frameworks (2000)
    10. UNCTAD secretariat, Trade and Development Aspects of Logistics, TD/B/COM.1/AHM.1/2 (7 July, 2006)
    11. UNCTAD, Negotiations on Transport and Logistics Services: Issues to Consider, UNCTAD/ SDTE/ TLB/2005/3 (2006)
    12. UNCTAD, Report of the Expert meeting on the Development of Multimodal Transport and Logistics Services, TD/B/COM.3/59 & TD/B/COM.3/EM.20/3 (24 October, 2003)
    13. UNCTAD secretariat, Development of Multimodal Transport and Logistics Services, TD/B/COM.3/EM.20/2 (15 July, 2003)
    14. UNCTAD secretariat, Electronic Commerce and International Transport services, TD/B/COM.3/EM.12/2 (31 July, 2001)
    15. UNCTAD secretariat, Facing the Challenge of Integrated Transport Services, UNCTAD/SDD/MT/7 (28 April, 1995)
    16. UNCTAD secretariat, Institutional and technological changes in transport/logistics field, UNCTAD/SDTE/TIB/3 (4 March, 1999)
    17. UNCTAD secretariat, Review of Maritime Transport, UNCTAD/RMT/2003 (2003)
    18. UNCTAD secretariat, Trade in Services and Development Implications, TD/B/COM.1/77 (16 January, 2006)
    19. United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, Report of the Ad Hoc Expert Meeting on logistics Services, TD/B/COM.1/AHM.1/3 (29 November, 2006)
    20. U.S. International Trade Commission, Logistic Services: An Overview of the Global Market and Potential Effects of Removing Trade Impediments (May, 2005)

    （四）WTO文件
    1. Albania, Australia, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Croatia, the European Communities, Hong Kong China, Japan, Mexico, Norway, Peru, the Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu, Turkey and the United States, Understanding on the scope of coverage of CPC 84 - Computer and Related Services, WTO Doc. S/CSC/W/51, S/CSC/W/51/Add. 1, S/CSC/W/51/Add. 2, and S/CSC/W/51/Add. 3 (26 January 2007, 6 March, 2007, 30 April, 2007, and 12 June, 2007)
    2. Australia, Canada, Chile, Djibouti, the European Communities, Hong Kong China, Iceland, Japan, Korea, Liechtenstein, Mauritius, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Norway, Panama, Peru, Singapore, Switzerland, the Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu, and the United States, Joint Statement on Liberalization of Logistics Services, WTO Doc. TN/S/W/34 (18 February, 2005)
    3. Australia, Canada, Chile, the European Communities, Hong Kong China, India, Japan, Korea, Mexico, New Zealand, Norway, Singapore, Chinese Taipei, and the United States, Joint Statement on the Negotiations on Computer and Related Services, WTO Doc. TN/S/W/38 (25 February, 2005)
    4. Australia, Canada, Egypt, the European Communities, Guatemala, Japan, Korea, Mexico, Norway, New Zealand, Singapore, Switzerland, Turkey, Chinese Taipei, and the United States, Joint Statement on Liberalization of Construction and Related Engineering Services, WTO Doc. Job(05)/130 (30 June, 2005)
    5. Australia, Canada, People`s Republic of China, Croatia, the European Communities, Hong Kong China, Iceland, Japan, Republic of Korea, Kyrgyz Republic, Mexico, New Zealand, Norway, Panama, Singapore, Switzerland, the Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu, Joint statement on the importance of commitments on maritime transport services, WTO Doc. JOB(05)/22 (25 February, 2005)
    6. Australia, Chile, Hong Kong China, Japan, New Zealand, Switzerland, and the Separa.te Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu, Collective Request in Logistics Services (March, 2006)
    7. Australia, Chile, the European Communities, New Zealand, Norway and Switzerland, Trade in Services to the Aviation Industry: A case for commitments under the GATS, WTO Doc. TN/S/W/29 (16 February, 2005)
    8. Australia, Hong Kong China, Japan, Switzerland and the Separa.te Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu, Objectives for Liberalization of Logistics Services, WTO Doc. JOB(05)/264 (27 October, 2005)
    9. Australia, Hong Kong China, Liechtenstein, Mauritius, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Switzerland and the Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu, Logistics Services, WTO Doc.TN/S/W/20,(25 June, 2004)
    10.Australia, Review of Progress in Air Transport Services, WTO Doc. JOB(07)/211 (6 December, 2007)
    11. Brazil, Construction and Related Engineering Services, WTO doc. S/CSS/W/113 (5 October, 2001)
    12. Canada, Initial Negotiating Proposal on Computer and Related Services, WTO Doc. S/CSS/W/56 (14 March, 2001)
    13. Canada, Japan and the United States, Trade In Air Transport Services, WTO Doc. TN/S/W/33 (18 February, 2005)
    14. Canada, Review of Progress in Architectural, Engineering and Integrated Engineering Services, WTO Doc. JOB(07)/204 (5 December, 2007)
    15. Chile, Review of Progress in Computer and Related Services (CRS), WTO Doc. JOB(07)/196 (5 December, 2007)
    16. Cuba, Negotiating Proposal for Construction and Related Engineering Services, WTO Doc. S/CSS/W/145 (22 March, 2002)
    17. European Communities and their Member States, GATS 2000: Construction and Related Engineering Services, WTO Doc. S/CSS/W/36 (22 December, 2000)
    18. European Communities and Their Member States, GATS 2000: Sector Proposals, WTO Doc. S/CSS/W/32 (22 December, 2000)
    19. European Communities, Coverage of CPC 84 – Computer and Related Services, WTO Doc. S/CSC/W/35 (24 October, 2002)
    20. European Communities, GATS 2000: Distribution, WTO Doc. S/CSS/W/37 (22 December, 2000)
    21. European Communities, Hong Kong China, Japan, New Zealand, Switzerland and the United States, Guidelines for scheduling commitments concerning postal and courier services, including express delivery, WTO Doc. TN/S/W/30 (17 February, 2005)
    22. European Communities, Review of Progress in Distribution Services, JOB(07)/207 (5 December, 2007)
    23. Hong Kong, China, Logistics and Related Services, WTO Doc. S/CSS/W/68 (28 March, 2001)
    24. Hong Kong, China, Scope and Coverage of the Services Negotiations and their Guidelines, WTO Doc. S/CSS/W/6 (29 September, 2000)
    25. Japan, Review of Progress in Maritime Transport Services, WTO Doc. JOB(07)/205 (5 December, 2007)
    26. Mercosur and Bolivia, Computer and Related Services, WTO Doc. S/CSS/W/95 (9 July 2001)
    27. Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu, Computer and Related Services, WTO Doc. S/CSC/W37 (8 January, 2003)
    28. Switzerland, GATS 2000: Services Auxiliary to All Modes of Transport, WTO Doc. S/CSS/W/78 (4 May, 2001)
    29. United states, Review of Progress in Postal and Courier Services, Including Express Delivery Collective Request, WTO Doc. JOB(07)/200 (5 December, 2007)
    32. WTO Secretariat, Service Sectoral Classification List, WTO Doc. MTN.GNS/W120 (10 July, 1991)
    33. WTO, Additional Commitments under Article XVIII of the GATS, WTO Doc. S/CSC/W/34(16 July, 2002)
    34. WTO, Air transport Services, WTO Doc. JOB(05)/300 (18 November, 2005)
    35. WTO, Compilation of Article II (MFN) Exemptions by Sector, WTO Doc. JOB(04)/114 (3 September, 2004)
    37. WTO, Computer and Related Services, WTO Doc. JOB(05)/278 (11 November, 2005)
    38. WTO, Decision on Maritime Transport Services, WTO Doc. S/L/24 (3 July, 1996)
    39. WTO, Distribution Services, WTO Doc. JOB(05)/194 (19 September, 2005)
    40. WTO, Guidelines and Procedures for the Negotiations on Trade in Services, WTO Doc. S/L/93 (29 March, 2001)
    41. WTO, Guidelines for the Scheduling of Specific Commitments under General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS), WTO Doc. S/L/92(28 March, 2001)
    42. WTO, Maritime Transport Services, WTO Doc. JOB(05)/299 (November, 2005)
    43. WTO, Ministerial Declaration, WTO Doc. WT/MIN(01)/DEC/1 (20 November, 2001)
    44. WTO, Ministerial Declaration, WTO Doc. WT/MIN(05)/DEC (20 November, 2001)
    45. WTO, Postal and Courier Services, WTO Doc. JOB(06)/10 (25 January, 2006)
    46. WTO, Procedures for the Implementation of Article XXI of the General Agreement on Trade in Services – Modification of Schedules, WTO Doc. S/L/80 (29 October, 1999)
    三、參考網站
    1. 工業總會服務網：http://www.cnfi.org.tw
    2. 中華民國物流協會網站：http://www.talm.org.tw
    3. 中華民國商業總會網站：http://twcsi.org.tw
    4. 中華民國統計資訊網：http://www1.stat.gov.tw
    5. 中華經濟研究院（台灣WTO中心）：http://taiwan.wtocenter.org.tw/www/news.asp
    6. 台北市進出口商業同業公會網站：http://www.ieatpe.org.tw
    7. 台灣物流網：http://60.248.82.84/flow/work/index.jsp
    8. 全國商工服務入口網：https://gcis.nat.gov.tw
    9. 國貿局網站：http://www.trade.gov.tw
    10. Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development: http://www.oecd.org
    11. United Nations Conference on Trade and Development: http://www.unctad.org
    12. United Nations Statistics Division: http://unstats.un.org/unsd/databases.htm
    13. World Trade Organization: http://www.wto.org
    描述: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    法律學研究所
    94651027
    96
    資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0094651027
    数据类型: thesis
    显示于类别:[法律學系] 學位論文

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