政大機構典藏-National Chengchi University Institutional Repository(NCCUR):Item 140.119/32480
English  |  正體中文  |  简体中文  |  Post-Print筆數 : 27 |  全文笔数/总笔数 : 113451/144438 (79%)
造访人次 : 51291399      在线人数 : 869
RC Version 6.0 © Powered By DSPACE, MIT. Enhanced by NTU Library IR team.
搜寻范围 查询小技巧：
  • 您可在西文检索词汇前后加上"双引号"，以获取较精准的检索结果
  • 若欲以作者姓名搜寻，建议至进阶搜寻限定作者字段，可获得较完整数据
    •  进阶搜寻
    政大機構典藏 > 理學院 > 心理學系 > 學位論文 >  Item 140.119/32480


    请使用永久网址来引用或连结此文件: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/32480


    题名: 定錨效果內在機制之探討--無意識層次與意識層次的定錨效果
    作者: 賴怡君
    贡献者: 顏乃欣
    Yen,Nai-Shing
    賴怡君
    关键词: 定錨效果
    無意識層次
    意識層次
    定錨效果的量測
    錨點極端性
    日期: 2003
    上传时间: 2009-09-17 13:13:24 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 本研究主要探討定錨效果內在機制中，無意識歷程與意識歷程定錨效果的區分。在實驗一中，利用快速呈現的研究典範，發現即使是在受試者沒有意識到錨點的情況下仍然會有定錨效果的發生。實驗二中則同時操弄時間壓力與意識層次，結果發現透過無意識歷程產生的定錨效果，時間壓力的有無並不會造成定錨效果大小的差異；而透過意識歷程產生的定錨效果，則在有時間壓力的情況下，會有比較大的定錨效果。實驗三則釐清以往研究所探討「錨點極端性對定錨效果的影響」中許多不一致的結果，認為以往研究結果的歧異有可能是由於所使用的量測方式不適當的原因所導致，當採用修正後的量測方式「調整指數」去重新計算定錨效果，並利用讓受試者寫下訊息的方式以了解產生訊息的性質與數量，結果發現當錨點越極端時，受試者所搜尋到目標與錨點一致的訊息就越少，定錨效果也就會越小。實驗四中同時操弄時間壓力與錨點極端性，結果發現沒有時間壓力時，錨點越極端其定錨效果越小；而當有時間壓力時，錨點極端性就不會產生效果。以上結果由無意識層次及意識層次的角度來討論所有的定錨現象。
    參考文獻: 林志皇（2001）。「影響定錨效果的因素」。國立中正大學心理學研究所
    未發表之碩士論文。
    蕭湘如，李玉惠（2000）。錨點個數與錨點一致性對定錨效果的影響。
    「中華心理學刊」，42， 155-170。
    Balota, D. A. (1983). Automatic semantic activation and
    episodic memory encoding. Journal of Verbal Learning and
    Verbal Behavioral, 22, 88-104.
    Brewer, N. T., & Chapman, G. B. (2002). The fragile of basic
    anchoring effect. Journal of Decision Making, 15, 65-77.
    Chapman, G. B., & Bornstein, B. H.(1996). The more you ask for,
    the more you get: Anchoring in personal injury verdicts.
    Applied Cognitive Psychology, 10, 519-540.
    Chapman, G. B., & Johnson, E. J. (1994). The limits of
    anchoring. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 7, 223-
    242.
    Chapman, G. B., & Johnson, E. J. (1999). Anchoring, activation,
    and the construction of values. Organizational Behavior and
    Human Decision Processes, 79, 115-153.
    Chapman, G. B., & Johnson, E. J. (2002). Incorporating the
    irrelevant: Anchors in judgments of belief and value. In T.
    Gilovich, D. Griffin, & D. Kahneman (Eds.), Heuristics and
    Biases, (pp120-138). New York: Cambridge University Press.
    Dupoux, E., Kouider, S., & Mehler, J. (2003). Lexical access
    without attention? Explorations using dichotic priming.
    Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and
    Performance, 29, 172-184.
    Hinsz, V. B., Kalnbach, L. R., & Lorentz, N. R. (1997). Using
    judgemental anchors to establish challenging self-set goals
    without jeopardizing commitment. Organizational Behavior
    and Human Decision Processes,71, 287-308.
    Jacowitz, K.E., & Kahnman, D. (1995). Measures of anchoring in
    estimation tasks. Personality and Social Psychology
    Bulletin, 21, 1161-1166.
    Kahneman, D. & Tversky, A. (1972). Subjective probability: a
    judgment of representativeness. Cognitive Psychology, 3,
    434-454.
    Kristensen, H., & Garling, T. (1997). The effects of anchor
    points and reference points on negotiation process and
    outcome. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision
    Processes, 71, 84-94.
    Kruger, J. (1999). Lake Wobegon be gone! The “Below-average
    effect” and the egocentric nature of comparative ability
    judgments. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,
    77, 221-232.
    Kunst-Wilson, W. R., & Zajonc, R. B. (1980). Affective
    discrimination of stimuli that cannot be recognized.
    Science, 207, 557-558.
    Marcel, A. J. (1974). Perception with and without awareness.
    Paper presented at the meeting of the Experimental
    Psychology Society, Stirling, Scotland.
    Maule, A. J., & Edland, A. C. (1997). The effect of time
    pressure on human judgment and decision making. In R.
    Ranyard, W. R. Crozier, & O. Svenson (Eds.), Decision
    Making, (pp189-204). New York: Routledge.
    Merikle, P. M. (2000). Subliminal perception. In A. E. Kazdin
    (Eds.), Encylopedia of Psychology, (Vol.7, pp.497-499). New
    York: Oxford University Press.
    Merikle, P. M., & Daneman, M. (1998). Psychological
    investigations of unconscious perception. Journal of
    Consciousness Studies, 5, 5-18.
    Merikle, P. M., & Joordens, S. (1997). Measuring unconscious
    influences. In J. D. Cohen & J. W. Schooler (Eds.),
    Scientific Approaches to Consciousness. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
    Merikle, P. M., Joordens, S., & Stolz, J. Z. (1995). Measuring
    the relative magnitude of unconscious influences.
    Consciousness and Cognition, 4, 422-439.
    Murphy, S. T., & Zajonc, R. B. (1993). Affect, cognition, and
    awareness: Affective priming with optimal and suboptimal
    stimulus exposures. Journal of Personality and Social
    Psychology, 64, 723-739.
    Mussweiler, T., & Strack, F. (1999). Hypothesis-consistent
    testing and semantics priming in the anchoring paradigm: A
    selective accessibility model. Journal of Experimental
    Social Psychology, 35, 136-164.
    Mussweiler, T., & Strack, F. (2000a). Numeric judgments under
    uncertainty: The role of knowledge in anchoring. Journal of
    Experimental Social Psychology, 36, 495-518.
    Mussweiler, T., & Strack, F. (2000b). The use of category and
    exemplar knowledge in the solution of anchoring task.
    Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78, 1038-1052.
    Mussweiler, T., & Strack, F. (2001). The semantics of
    anchoring. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision
    Processes, 86, 2, 234-255.
    Mussweiler, T., Strack, F., & Pfeiffer, T. (2000). Overcoming
    the inevitable anchoring effect: Considering the opposite
    compensates for selective accessibility. Personality and
    Social Psychology Bulletin, 26, 1142-1150.
    Posner, P. G. & Snyder, C. R. R. (1975). Attention and
    cognitive of control. In R. Solso (Ed.), Information
    Processing and Cognition: The Loyola Symposium. Hillsdale,
    NJ: Erlbaum.
    Schwarz, N. (1990). Assessing frequency reports of mundane
    behaviors: Contribution of cognitive psychology to
    questionnaire construction. In C. Hendrick & M. S. Clark
    (Eds.), Review of Personality and Social Psychology: Vol.
    11. Research Methods in Personality and Social Psychology
    (pp.98-119). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
    Shafir, E. & LeBoeuf, R. A. (2002). Rationality. Annual Review
    of Psychology, 53, 491-517.
    Strack, F. (1992). The different routes to social judgment:
    Experimental versus informational strategies. In L. L.
    Martin & A. Tesser (Eds.). The Construction of Social
    Judgment (pp.249-275). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
    Strack, F., & Mussweiler, T. (1997). Explaining the enigmatic
    anchoring effect: Mechanisms of selective accessibility.
    Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73, 437-446.
    Simon, H. A. (1955). A behavioral model of rational choices.
    Quarterly Journal of Economics, 69, 99-118.
    Tversky, A., & Kahnman, D. (1974). Judgment under uncertainty:
    Heuristics and biases. Science, 185, 1124-1131.
    Quattrone, G. A., Lawrence, C. P., Finkel, S. E., & Andrus, D.
    C. (1984). Explorations in Anchoring: The Effect of Prior
    Range, Anchor Extremity, and Suggestive Hints. Manuscript,
    Stanford University.
    Wansink, B., Kent, R. J., & Hoch, S. J. (1998). An anchoring
    and adjustment model of purchase quantity decisions.
    Journal of Marketing Research, 35, 71-81.
    Wilson, T. D., & Brekke, N. (1994). Mental contamination and
    mental correction: unwanted influences on judgments and
    evaluations. Psychological Bulletin, 116, 117-142.
    Wilson, T. D., Houston, C. E., Etling, K. M. & Brekke, N.
    (1996). A new look at anchoring effect: Basic anchoring and
    its antecedent. Journal of Experimental Psychology:
    General, 125, 387-402.
    Wong, K. F., & Kwong, Y. Y. (2000). Is 7300m equal to 7.3km?
    Same semantics but different anchoring effects.
    Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 82,
    2, 314-333.
    描述: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    心理學研究所
    90752017
    92
    資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0090752017
    数据类型: thesis
    显示于类别:[心理學系] 學位論文

    文件中的档案:

    档案 描述 大小格式浏览次数
    75201701.pdf43KbAdobe PDF21044检视/开启
    75201702.pdf83KbAdobe PDF2895检视/开启
    75201703.pdf60KbAdobe PDF2977检视/开启
    75201704.pdf55KbAdobe PDF2853检视/开启
    75201705.pdf81KbAdobe PDF23597检视/开启
    75201706.pdf312KbAdobe PDF22693检视/开启
    75201707.pdf77KbAdobe PDF21199检视/开启
    75201708.pdf83KbAdobe PDF21048检视/开启
    75201709.pdf135KbAdobe PDF21130检视/开启
    75201710.pdf121KbAdobe PDF21114检视/开启
    75201711.pdf119KbAdobe PDF21025检视/开启
    75201712.pdf108KbAdobe PDF21066检视/开启
    75201713.pdf54KbAdobe PDF21170检视/开启
    75201714.pdf82KbAdobe PDF21047检视/开启


    在政大典藏中所有的数据项都受到原著作权保护.


    社群 sharing

    著作權政策宣告 Copyright Announcement
    1.本網站之數位內容為國立政治大學所收錄之機構典藏，無償提供學術研究與公眾教育等公益性使用，惟仍請適度，合理使用本網站之內容，以尊重著作權人之權益。商業上之利用，則請先取得著作權人之授權。
    The digital content of this website is part of National Chengchi University Institutional Repository. It provides free access to academic research and public education for non-commercial use. Please utilize it in a proper and reasonable manner and respect the rights of copyright owners. For commercial use, please obtain authorization from the copyright owner in advance.

    2.本網站之製作，已盡力防止侵害著作權人之權益，如仍發現本網站之數位內容有侵害著作權人權益情事者，請權利人通知本網站維護人員(nccur@nccu.edu.tw)，維護人員將立即採取移除該數位著作等補救措施。
    NCCU Institutional Repository is made to protect the interests of copyright owners. If you believe that any material on the website infringes copyright, please contact our staff(nccur@nccu.edu.tw). We will remove the work from the repository and investigate your claim.
    DSpace Software Copyright © 2002-2004  MIT &  Hewlett-Packard  /   Enhanced by   NTU Library IR team Copyright ©   - 回馈