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    Title: 影響臺灣中老年人兼差行為因素之探討
    Authors: 蘇瑋琳
    Contributors: 吳文傑
    蘇瑋琳
    Keywords: 中老年人
    次要工作
    兼差
    工時限制
    Date: 2007
    Issue Date: 2009-09-14 13:39:25 (UTC+8)
    Abstract:   在臺灣就業者退休年齡逐年降低的情況下,仍有一部分的中高齡者持續投入在就業市場中,且除了主要工作外,尚有另一份次要工作,亦即擁有兼差工作。因此本文試圖探討影響臺灣中老年人兼差行為之因素及動機,以作為政府在制定中高齡者就業政策及社會安全制度之參考依據。
      本文資料取自國民健康局於民國92年之「臺灣地區中老年身心社會生活狀況長期追蹤(第5次)調查」,研究對象為50歲以上之工作者;先用Probit模型估計哪些因素會造成兼差工作之持有,再用Tobit模型估計每週兼差工時如何受到影響,最後採用最大概似法之樣本選擇下的Tobit模型來估計兼差行為。
      所得出之結論為:在中老年人是否擁有兼差工作方面,男性、年紀越小者、國中以下教育程度者、研究所教育程度者、自評健康越好者、專業性工作者、自營事業者、主管、售貨員及推銷員、服務業工作者、勞動者、農林漁牧工作者、部分工時工作者或未來工作意願越高者,其擁有兼差工作之機率越高。在中老年人每週兼差工時方面,男性、年紀越小者、國中以下教育程度者、研究所教育程度者、專業性工作者、自營事業者、主管、職員、售貨員及推銷員、服務業工作者、農林漁牧工作者、部分工時工作者、未來工作意願越高者或沒有非勞動所得者,其每週兼差工時越長。而家庭特性對於中老年人之兼差行為影響不大。
      由實證結果可得知,因主要工作未獲得足夠所得而從事兼差行為之中老年人,如國中以下教育程度者、勞動者、農林漁牧工作者和部分工時工作者等,應是政府就業政策或社會安全政策所要重視的族群。 
    Reference: 中文部份
    黃臺心、熊一鳴(1990),「臺灣地區男女全職與兼職工作工資差異之研
      究」,《臺灣銀行季刊》,43(2),327-347。
    萬建邦(2004),《部份工時者與多份工作者:他們為何與常人不同》, 
      中山大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文。
    詹凱玲(2004),《臺灣地區超額教育與薪資報酬》,東華大學國際經濟
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    蘇麗瓊(2007),「高齡者就業趨勢探討」,《勞工雙月刊》,8,18-32。
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    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    財政研究所
    93255016
    96
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0093255016
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[Department of Public Finance] Theses

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