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    題名: “我寧願相信它是一個童話故事”：論瑪格莉特•愛特伍《使女的故事》中童話故事的修訂架構與女性顛覆
    "A fairy tale, I`d like to believe": Revision of the Fairy Tale and Female Subversion in Margaret Atwood`s The Handmaid`s Tale
    作者: 林雅琦
    Lin,Ya-chi
    貢獻者: 陳音頤
    Chen,Yin-I
    林雅琦
    Lin,Ya-chi
    關鍵詞: 使女的故事
    童話故事
    女性顛覆
    The Handmaid`s Tale
    fairy tale
    female subversion
    日期: 2005
    上傳時間: 2009-09-14 12:15:07 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 瑪格莉特•愛特伍《使女的故事》可視為是對童話故事的改寫，其採用了童話故事的結構及特色，並且印證了女性透過改寫可展現的顛覆力量。自從1970年代起，女性主義評論家對於傳統童話故事的批評主要可分為兩派，相對於早期評論家總是對童話故事中性別刻板印象的描述多所責難，後期的評論家漸漸傾向將童話故事視為是可提供重新詮釋或改寫的場域。對於小說作者愛特伍而言，童話故事中隱含了許多潛在的矛盾及反動的因素，而這些因素就構成了可供改寫並加以顛覆的空間。透過小說互涉的技巧，愛特伍不只是探究隱含在童話故事中的性別政治議題，同時也將其中的反動因子加以放大，並且加以改寫顛覆。
    本文將探討《使女的故事》這本小說對於童話故事以及聖經的改寫以及顛覆。第一章介紹愛特伍、此小說及其與童話故事的關聯性。第二章著重在兩派理論家對於傳統童話故事的爭論（是與父權主義共謀抑或是可提供重新詮釋或改寫的場域），第三章則指出這本小說包含了哪些童話故事的特色，並且探究同時存在於基列政權與童話中的性別議題，也就是父權體制對女性的宰制與壓迫。而第四章分析愛特伍如何藉由突顯出隱含在童話故事中的反動因子，對童話故事以及聖經故事加以解構。最後一章以愛特伍對童話故事的修訂印證了女性重新詮釋或改寫所具有的顛覆力量。
    As a revision of the fairy tale, Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale not only reveals its adoption of the structure and components of fairy tales but also demonstrates the subversive potential for feminist revision of the fairy tale. While classical fairy tales have long rebuked by early feminist critics as conservative and as reinforcing the gender stereotypes, there has been a critical tendency since the 1970s that the genre of fairy tale can be seen as a site of contestation, which offers the opportunities of reinterpretation and revision. Acknowledging that the fairy tale cannot be interpreted one-dimensionally, Atwood unearthes the underlying disturbing elements within classical fairy tales, which constitute the space for feminist reappropriation and subversion. Through the techniques of metafictional writing, Atwood not only explores the sexual politics in fairy tales but also highlights the subversive elements, exaggerates them, and revises the tales.
    This thesis will discuss The Handmaid’s Tale in terms of its revision of fairy tales and the biblical texts. The first chapter introduces Atwood, the novel, and its relevance to the genre of fairy tale. The second chapter will provide a survey of critical depute on classical fairy tales, such as Perrault’s and the Grimms’, as colluding with patriarchy or as a site of contestation. Chapter Three will point out that this novel can be viewed as a modern fairy tale or a revision of fairy tale in terms of some fairy-tale characteristics and that it explores patriarchal domination and oppression of women not only present in Gilead but also inherent in the fairy tales. Chapter Four will analyze that Atwood explores a subtext that she has found in the tale and deconstructs the dominant discourse of the fairy tale and the Bible. The final chapter will conclude that Atwood’s revision of the fairy tales reveals the subversive potential of feminist reappropriation.
    參考文獻: Atwood, Margaret. “Spotty-Handed Villainesses: Problems of Female Bad Behavior in the Creation of Literature.” Writing with Intent: Essays, Reviews, Personal Prose 1983-2005. New York: Carroll & Graf P, 2005. 125-38.
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    Bottigheimer, Ruth B. Grimms’ Bad Girls and Bold Boys: The Moral and Social Vision of the Tales. New Haven: Yale UP, 1987.
    ---. “Silenced Women in the Grimms’ Tales: The ‘Fit’ Between Fairy Tales and Society in Their Historical Context.” Fairy Tales and Society: Illusion, Allusion, and Paradigm. Ed. Ruth B. Bottigheimer. Philadelphia: U of Pennsylvania P, 1986. 115-31.
    ---. “Tale Spinners: Submerged Voices in Grimms’ Fairy Tales.” New German Critique 27 (1982): 141-50.
    Bouson, J. Brooks. “The Misogyny of Patriarchal Culture in The Handmaid’s Tale.” Brutal Choreographies: Oppositional Strategies and Narrative Design in the Novels of Margaret Atwood. Amherst: U of Massachusetts P, 1993. 135-58.
    Coad, David. “Hymens, Lips and Masks: The Veil in Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale.” Literature and Psychology 47.1 (2001): 54-67.
    Cranny-Francis, Anne. “Feminist Fantasy.” Feminist Fiction: Feminist Uses of Generic Fiction. Cambridge: Polity P, 1990. 75-106.
    Daniels, Margaret J., and Heather E Bowen. “Feminist Implication of Anti-leisure in Dystopian Fiction.” Journal of Leisure Research 35.4 (2003): 423-40.
    Eisenstein, Zillah R. “The Sexual Politics of the New Right: Understanding the ‘Crisis of Liberalism’ of the 1980s.” Feminist Theory: A Critique of Ideology. Ed. Nannerl O. Keohane, Michelle Z. Rosaldo, and Barbara C. Gelpi. Sussex: Harvester Press, 1982. 77-98.
    Feuer, Lois. “The Calculus of Love and Nightmare: The Handmaid’s Tale and the Dystopian Tradition.” Critique 38.2 (1997): 83-95.
    Fisher, Jerilyn, and Ellen S. Silber. “Good and Bad Beyond Belief: Teaching Gender Lessons Through Fairy Tales and Feminist Theory.” Women’s Studies Quarterly 3& 4 (2000): 121-36.
    Freibert, Lucy M. “Control and Creativity: The Politics of Risk in Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale.” Critical Essays on Margaret Atwood. Ed. Judith McCombs. Boston: G. K. Hall & Co., 1988. 280-91.
    Grace, Sherrill. “Gender as Genre: Atwood’s Autobiographical ‘I’.” Margaret Atwood: Writing and Subjectivity. Ed. Colin Nicholson. New York: St. Martin’s P, 1994. 189-203.
    Haase, Donald. “Feminist Fairy-Tale Scholarship.” Fairy Tales and Feminism: New Approaches. Ed. Donald Haase. Detroit: Wayne State UP, 2004. 1-36.
    Harries, Elizabeth Wanning. Twice upon a Time: Women Writers and the History of the Fairy Tale. New Jersey: Princeton UP, 2001.
    Howells, Coral Ann. Margaret Atwood. New York: St. Martin’s P, 1995.
    Huang, Mei. “Introduction: Cinderella as the Paragon.” Transforming the Cinderella Dream: From Frances Burney to Charlotte Bronte. New Brunswick: Rutgers UP, 1990. 1-30.
    Ingersoll, Earl G, ed. Margaret Atwood: Conversations. Princeton: Ontario Review P, 1990.
    Johnson, Brian. “Language, Power, and Responsibility in The Handmaid’s Tale: Toward a Discourse of Literary Gossip.” Canadian Literature 148 (1996): 39-55.
    Kauffman, Linda. “Special Delivery: Twenty-first Century Epistolarity in The Handmaid’s Tale.” Writing the Female Voice: Essays on Epistolary Literature. Ed. Elizabeth C. Goldsmith. Boston: Northeastern UP, 1989. 221-44.
    Klarer, Mario. “Orality and Literacy as Gender-Supporting Structures in Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale.” Mosaic 28.4 (1995): 129-42.
    Kolodny, Annette. “Margaret Atwood and the Politics of Narrative.” Margaret Atwood. Ed. Harold Bloom. Philadelphia: Chelsea HP, 2000. 29-48.
    Lauret, Maria. “‘Context Is All’: Backlash Fictions of the 1980s.” Liberating Literature: Feminist Fiction in America. New York: Routledge, 1994. 165-86.
    Lieberman, Mercia K. “‘Some Day My Prince Will Come’: Female Acculturation through the Fairy Tale.” Don’t Bet on the Prince: Contemporary Feminist Fairy Tales in North America and England. Ed. Jack Zipes. New York: Methuen; Aldershot, Hants: Solar Press, 1986. 185-200.
    Lyons, Heather. “Some Second Thoughts on Sexism in Fairy Tales.” Literature and Learning. Ed. Elizabeth Grugeon and Peter Walden. London: Ward Lock Educational, 1978. 42-62.
    Mahoney, Elisabeth. “Writing so to Speak: the Feminist Dystopia.” Image and Power: Women in Fiction in the Twentieth Century. Ed. Sarah Sceats and Gail Cunningham. London: Longman, 1996. 29-40.
    Makinen, Merja. “The Fairy Tale.” Feminist Popular Fiction. New York: Palgrave, 2001. 56-91.
    Malak, Amin. “Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale and the Dystopian Tradition.” Canadian Literature 112 (1987): 9-17.
    Manley, Kathleen E. B. “Atwood’s Reconstruction of Folktales: The Handmaid’s Tale and ‘Bluebeard’s Egg’.” Approaches to Teaching Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale and Other Works. Ed. Sharon R. Wilson, Thomas B. Friedman, and Shannon Hengen. New York: The Modern Language Association of America, 1996. 135-39.
    Mendelson, Michael. “Forever Acting Alone: The Absence of Female Collaboration in Grimms’ Fairy Tales.” Children’s Literature in Education 28.3 (1997): 111-25.
    Michael, Magali Cornier. “The Gap between Official History and Women’s Histories: Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale.” Feminism and the Postmodern Impulse: Post-World War II Fiction. Albany: State U of New York P, 1996. 135-70.
    Parker, Emma. “You Are What You Eat: The Politics of Eating in the Novels of Margaret Atwood.” Margaret Atwood. Ed. Harold Bloom. Philadelphia: Chelsea HP, 2000. 113-30.
    Propp, Vladimir. Morphology of the Folktale. Trans. Laurence Scott. Austin: U of Texas P, 1968.
    Rao, Eleonora. Strategies for Identity: The Fiction of Margaret Atwood. New York: Peter Lang, 1993.
    Raschke, Debrah. “Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale: False Borders and Subtle Subversions.” LIT 6 (1995): 257-68.
    Rowe, Karen E. “Feminism and Fairy Tales.” Don’t Bet on the Prince: Contemporary Feminist Fairy Tales in North America and England. Ed. Jack Zipes. New York: Methuen; Aldershot, Hants: Solar Press, 1986. 209-26.
    Rowe, Karen E. “To Spin a Yarn: The Female Voice in Folklore and Fairy Tale.” Fairy Tales and Society: Illusion, Allusion, and Paradigm. Ed. Ruth B. Bottigheimer. Philadelphia: U of Pennsylvania P, 1986. 53-74.
    Shippey, Tom. “Rewriting the Core: Transformations of the Fairy Tale in Contemporary Writing.” A Companion to the Fairy Tale. Ed. Hilda Ellis Davidson and Anna Chaudhri. Cambridge: D. S. Brewer, 2003. 253-74.
    Stein, Karen F. “Lost Worlds: Three Novels.” Margaret Atwood Revisited. New York: Twayne Publishers, 1999. 64-85.
    ---. “Margaret Atwood’s Modest Proposal: The Handmaid’s Tale.” Margaret Atwood. Ed. Harold Bloom. Philadelphia: Chelsea HP, 2000. 191-204.
    Stone, Kay F. “Feminist Approaches to the Interpretation of Fairy Tales.” Fairy Tales and Society: Illusion, Allusion, and Paradigm. Ed. Ruth B. Bottigheimer. Philadelphia: U of Pennsylvania P, 1986. 229-36.
    ---. “The Misuses of Enchantment: Controversies on the Significance of Fairy Tales.” Women’s Folklore, Women’s Culture. Ed. Rosan A. Jordan and Susan J. Kalcik. Philadelphia: U of Pennsylvania P, 1985. 125-45.
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    ---. Introduction. Don’t Bet on the Prince: Contemporary Feminist Fairy Tales in North America and England. Ed. Jack Zipes. New York: Methuen; Aldershot, Hants: Solar Press, 1986. 1-36.
    ---. “Once There Were Two Brothers Named Grimm: A Reintroduction.” The Brothers Grimm: From Enchanted Forests to the Modern World. New York: Routledge, 1988. 1-27.
    ---. “Spells of Enchantment: An Overview of the History of Fairy Tales.” When Dreams Came True: Classical Fairy Tales and Their Tradition. New York: Routledge, 1999. 1-29.
    ---. The Trials and Tribulations of Little Red Riding Hood. Ed. Jack Zipes. 2nd ed. New York: Routledge, 1993.
    描述: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    英國語文學研究所
    91551001
    94
    資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0915510011
    資料類型: thesis
    顯示於類別:[英國語文學系] 學位論文

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