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    Title: 美國、英國、澳洲國家檔案館檔案網路開放應用之比較研究
    Authors: 葉俊宏
    Contributors: 薛理桂
    葉俊宏
    Keywords: 國家檔案館
    檔案開放
    線上參考服務
    線上檢索工具
    線上展覽
    National Archives
    Archive Public Access
    Online Reference Services
    Online Finding Aids
    Online Exhibitions
    Date: 2005
    Issue Date: 2009-09-14 12:01:13 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 檔案原是權力的象徵,從古至今,從東方至西方,只有少數人有權力得以使用檔案。而檔案由封閉走向開放,其重要的轉折點是在1794年,由於法國頒布世界第一部檔案法,規定檔案館應實行開放原則。此後,開放國家檔案館的檔案供民眾使用的觀念,也深深影響檔案館營運的方式。因此目前許多現代化的國家,常把檔案開放程度視為是民主化的重要指標。隨著網路通訊技術的發展,對於檔案開放亦產生極大的衝擊。
    本研究採用「多重個案法」與「比較研究法」進行研究,首先瞭解美國、英國與澳洲三國國家檔案館檔案在網路上開放情況。並藉由比較研究法,瞭解三國之間的差異性,並且透過描述、解釋、併排、比較的過程,最後進行分析,將比較之結果做一結論,得出具體的建議。
    根據研究發現,提出結論如下:一、檔案開放相關法規方面:(一)三國對於個人隱私權均相當注重,但美國則為政府資訊公開重於個人隱私權保護;(二)美、英兩國檔案相關法規針對網路開放檔案有特別之規範,美、英兩國檔案相關法規針對網路開放檔案有特別之規範,澳洲則為沿用原有檔案法規;二、線上參考服務方面:(一)線上參考服務多無專責部門,但仍有專責人員負責;(二)電子郵件、FAQ等非同步線上參考服務,為三國國家檔案館最普遍使用的形式;(三)三國國家檔案館均針對研究者提供特別線上參考服務;三、線上檢索工具方面為(一)三國國家檔案館提供多元化的線上檢索工具;(二)提供電子檔案及檔案內容影像檔已成為三國國家檔案館趨勢;(三)檢索系統的描述規則符合國際標準,有利於未來國際間檔案描述的資源分享與交流;四、線上檔案展覽方面:(一)線上展覽主題皆與館藏特色、社會文化相互結合;(二)線上展覽呈現方式較為傳統,缺乏創新;(三)線上展覽仍需與檔案館相關活動配合,以達最大的成效。
    最後針對前述研究結果提出五項建議:一、明確規範檔案開放範圍,以作為我國檔案在網路上開放之依據;二、觀摩國外國家檔案館經驗,加強國內對線上參考服務的概念與認識,並積極推廣線上參考服務;三、建議國內檔案典藏單位,針對研究者提供特別線上參考服務;四、建議國內檔案典藏單位改善線上檢索系統,提供多元化線上檢索工具;五、針對我國檔案典藏單位之館藏特色及社會文化,積極推動線上展覽。
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    二、中文部分
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    王向明主編(2001)。檔案文獻檢索。上海:上海大學出版社。
    王秉鈞(1995)。「個案研究法在企業管理上之應用與評議」在臺灣大學編,第一屆管理學術定性研究方法研討會論文集(頁176-189)。臺北市:編者。
    王錫璋(1997)。圖書館的參考服務:理論與實務。台北:文史哲。
    石樸、張富林、許長仕(2003)。美、加、英、澳檔案管理策略比較分析研究。在檔案管理局編,檔案管理局九十一年度自行研究報告彙編(頁1-85)。台北市:檔案管理局。
    行政院法務部(1995)。外國政府資訊公開法選輯。台北市:行政院法務部。
    行政院研考會(1994)。各國檔案法相關資料彙編。台北:行政院研考會。
    行政資訊公開辦法,2001。
    吳寶康主編(1994)。檔案學詞典。上海:上海辭書。
    李培清(1988)。檔案館學。北市:檔案出版社。
    李群(2003)。英國的公共文件檔案館。檔案天地,3,25-26。
    李德勤、王鐵越(2001)。網絡化對檔案館工作的影響。蘭台世界,3,31。
    蕭英(2001)。檔案館網站建立之我見。檔案天地,6,23-24。
    林巧敏(2004a)。檔案參考服務概述。檔案與微縮,75,1-18。
    林巧敏(2004b)。國家檔案開放應用之道:談檔案檢索與參考服務。在檔案管理局編,現代檔案管理研討會議題報告彙編(頁4-69-4-108)
    林巧敏(2004c)。檔案應用研究之文獻探討。國立中央圖書館臺灣分館館刊,10(3),36-45。
    林素甘(2004)。澳洲國家檔案館介述。檔案季刊,3(2),111-121。
    林麗娟(2004)。各國國家檔案展覽活動之研究(檔案管理局委託研究報告,RDEC-NAA-應-093-005)。台北市:輔仁大學圖書資訊學系。
    姜之茂(2000)。論開放檔案。檔案學研究,1,16-20。
    柯少齋(1992a)。美國資訊自由及穩私權法案。新聞學研究,46,21-34。
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    柯皓仁(2004)。公共圖書館之數位參考諮詢服務。臺北市立圖書館館訊,22(2),8-19。
    郝存厚(1993a)。「檔案提供利用」在:中國大百科全書:圖書館學、情報學、檔案學。北京市:中國大百科全書出版社,頁69。
    郝存厚(1993b)。「檔案開放」在:中國大百科全書:圖書館學、情報學、檔案學。北京市:中國大百科全書出版社,頁59-60。
    涂曉晴(2002)。檔案目錄彙送作業之檢討。檔案季刊,1(3),149-153。
    張文熙(2003)。英國檔案資訊化之我見。檔案季刊,2(2),115-123。
    張玉影(2000)。中外檔案法比較研究的幾個問題。檔案學研究,2,71-74。
    張玉影(2003)。試論中外檔案立法中的檔案開放原則。檔案學通訊,6,11-13。
    張彥靜(2000)。網絡環境下的檔案館工作。檔案天地,5,22-23。
    張郁蔚(2002)。美國國家檔案及文件署檔案目錄查詢之探討。檔案季刊,1(3),118-129。
    張恩慶(1994)。美國檔案的開放與利用。檔案學通訊,3,61-64。
    張淑惠(2004)。我國歷史檔案館藏檢索系統在Web環境中建置之研究。碩士論文,國立政治大學,台北市。
    張曉娟(1997)。檔案館管理。武漢市:武漢大學出版社。
    張聰明、林秋燕、張富林(2001)。美國及加拿大國家檔案管理制度考察報告。台北市:檔案管理局。
    莊建國(2004)。圖書館數位合作參考服務的理論與實務。台北:文華。
    莊道明(2001)。論檔案開放應用下的顧客服務。研考雙月刊,25(3),44-53。
    莊道明(2004a)。各國政府機關檔案目錄彙整公布機制之研究(檔案管理局委託研究報告,RDEC-NAA-應-093-004)。台北市:世新大學資訊傳播學系。
    莊道明(2004b)。我國政府機關檔案目錄彙整與公布機制之研究。在檔案管理局編,現代檔案管理研討會議題報告彙編(頁4-49-4-68)
    莊道明、薛理桂(2000)。檔案開放應用之研究(國家檔案局籌備處委託研究報告,RDEC-NA-089-044)。台北市:世新大學圖書資訊學系。
    許惠文(2004)。檔案參考服務:以中研院近史所檔案館為例。檔案季刊,3(1),108-118。
    陳士伯(2001)。政府知識管理與檔案資訊化。研考雙月刊,25(1),58-67。
    陳士伯(2002)。各國檔案應用服務組織之比較研究。檔案季刊,1(3),61-76。
    陳兆祦、和寶榮(1996)。檔案管理學基礎。北京:中國人民大學出版社。
    陳政宜(2003年10月4日)。機密露陷 檔案局「補破網」。自由時報,第5版。
    陳銘祥(2003)。國家檔案開放應用與個人隱私權之研究(檔案管理局委託研究報告,RDEC-NA-04-092-006)。台北市:台灣法學會。
    傅雅秀(1992)。比較與國際圖書館學概說。國立中央圖書館館刊,25(2),3-22。
    彭溎源、張涵(1995)。「參考諮詢」在:中國大百科全書:圖書館學、情報學、檔案學。台北市:錦繡,頁23。
    馮惠玲(1999)。檔案文獻檢索。北京:高等教育出版社。
    馮震宇(2003)。檔案公布權之研究:我國採行相關立法之可行性(檔案管理局委託研究報告,RDEC-NA-04-092-002)。台北市:財團法人指南法學文教基金會。
    黃政民(2003)。英、德二國檔案管理概況。檔案季刊,2(1),117-125。
    楊思偉、沈姍姍(1996)。比較教育。台北:空大。
    裴莉(2001)。檔案館網絡利用檔案系統設計研究。貴州檔案,6,26-28。
    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    圖書資訊與檔案學研究所
    92155004
    94
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0921550042
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[圖書資訊與檔案學研究所] 學位論文

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