政大機構典藏-National Chengchi University Institutional Repository(NCCUR):Item 140.119/31223

政大機構典藏-National Chengchi University Institutional Repository(NCCUR):Item 140.119/31223

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题名:	銀行經營績效：公司治理、資產規模與外資進入
作者:	吳孟紋 Wu, Meng Wen
贡献者:	沈中華 Shen, Chung Hua 吳孟紋 Wu, Meng Wen
关键词:	銀行公司治理資產規模外資進入
日期:	2007
上传时间:	2009-09-14 09:33:43 (UTC+8)
摘要:	本論文從公司治理、資產規模與外資進入的角度說明銀行經營績效。首先，公司治理不彰，管理者可能產生高道德風險行為，進而傷害銀行經營績效，因此本論文分別以國際方式(MH I)及台灣情況(MHⅡ)衡量道德風險，並以台灣的銀行業為例，發現二種道德風險都會影響影響銀行經營績效，尤其以台灣董事為基礎的MHⅡ對銀行經營績效的影響更是顯著。其次，資產規模及外資進入都可能藉著影響銀行的市場競爭程度來影響銀行經營績效。關於資產規模，本論文探討依據學術文獻以資產規模定義的大銀行及小銀行績效，是否受到銀行集中度、市場占有率、成本效率與規模經濟效率的影響，實證結果發現大銀行須藉由其資產規模優勢，發揮大量資產的規模經濟效率，才會有較好的經營績效。小銀行雖然無法因為其資產規模達到規模經濟效率，但仍可以藉著達到成本效率，進而得到較高獲利。本文也依照世界的銀行資產排名，選出大銀行與小銀行，並與台灣銀行業進行績效比較，發現大銀行的資產品質、管理能力、獲利穩定性、資產及存款成長率都較高，可能是因為其擁有國際觀及強勁的競爭力與研發創新力。但其獲利卻沒有最好，可能是其資產龐大的稀釋效果、負有執行政策的使命、政府對大銀行有太大以致不能倒閉(too big to fail)的心態、合併後的文化整合問題、或報告單位篩選資料的結果。總之，影響銀行經營績效的原因除了資產規模，還包括銀行管理技術，經營效率，創新能力及法規限制。最後，外資進入可能透過影響銀行的公司治理及市場競爭程度，進而影響銀行的經營績效，本論文以中國的銀行業進行實證分析，發現總體而言，開放外資戰略投資者進入中國銀行業，將有利於銀行經營績效。但增加個別銀行的外資持股卻不見得會立即提升各項績效指標，可能是因為外資持股比例增加初期，會更願意投資人事、設備等各種支出，以致利潤無法立即提升。
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