| Abstract: | 半導體及光電產業快速發展，已成為台灣賴以與國際競爭之兩大經濟產業，為維持台灣既有之製造優勢及實力，並加強設計創新能力，政府擬定「新世紀兩兆雙星產業發展計畫」，明確勾勒出我國對於半導體及平面顯示器兩大產業之發展方向。邁入二十一世紀，新興國家快速崛起，台灣產業發展面臨強大的競爭，尤其在中國大陸，各廠為維持既有的競爭優勢及提昇市場佔有率，唯有加速持續投資建廠，一則創造規模經濟以降低生產成本，另一方面更以領先技術築高競爭者之進入障礙。
近年來，國內各大廠積極建置規劃12吋晶圓廠及TFT-LCD八代廠，由於均屬於高資本之投資，擬定發包策略，故強化採購人員的談判技巧及遴選合適的承攬廠商，以最短的時間及最少的預算來完成建廠，將成為建廠業者主要的政策。
本研究乃在探究哪些關鍵因素足以影響建廠廠商之採購發包策略，再以工程承攬商的觀點提出應對，發展出本身之承攬策略。由於有關建廠發包策略之相關文獻不多，故本研究主要採實地專家訪談，訪談半導體廠及TFT-LCD廠廠務及採購主管對於建廠採購發包之看法，配合文獻所提之各要點發展問卷，透過問卷了解高階主管、廠務人員及採購人員對發包有何不同觀點，同時面對不同之發包型態與關鍵影響因素，利用層級分析法（Analytical Hierarchy Process；AHP），發展適用於不同類型採購發包決策人員之各構面及次準則指標之權重，並與其他相關研究做比較，探討差異所在及原因，綜合研究建廠廠商高階主管、廠務人員及採購人員對於新建廠務系統發包之需求，進而擬定出承攬商因應之承攬策略，以提供決策者進行執行決策之參考。
關鍵字：半導體產業、光電產業、工程承攬、發包策略、承攬策略
As the developments in semiconductor and opto-electronic industries grow rapidly, they have become two major economic industries of Taiwan to compete globally. In order to keep Taiwan’s exiting advantages in manufacturing and its strength and also to improve its design and innovation abilities, Taiwan government has proposed “The New Century Two Trillions Double Stars Industries Development Plan” and the plan has clearly outlined the development directions for both semiconductor and flat panel display industries in Taiwan. While stepping into 21st century, the developments in Taiwan industries have faced enormous competition due to the sharp rising of emerging countries, China especially. For maintaining its competition advantages and upgrading its market shares, every enterprise only has to accelerate on making investments to the plant construction. By doing so, it aims to create economic scale to lower the product costs and it also aims to increase the entry barriers for competitors through its leading advanced technologies.
In recent years, major enterprises in Taiwan have aggressively engaging in 12” fab construction and TFT-LCD 8th generation plant construction planning. Since both are the investments required high capital, the enhancement in procurement professionals’ negotiation skills and the selections of qualified contractors, the drawing up for the contracting strategies and the completion of the plant construction within shortest time with minimum budget are the major policies for the enterprises of the plant construction.
This paper aims at probing into what are the key factors that will have influence on the procurement and contracting strategies made by the enterprises of the plant construction and followed by responding proposals provided from the contractors’ of the plant construction points of view and also the developments of the contracting strategies made by them. Since there are not many researches about the topic on the contracting strategies of the plant construction, the study is mainly from live interviews with experts and through interviews with facility managers and procurement mangers of semiconductor and TFT-LCD plants to understand their points of views on the procurement and contracting strategies of the plant construction. In addition, also matching up with major points in bibliographies, the questionnaire has been developed and the questionnaire survey has revealed various points of views about contracting from top management, facility professionals and procurement professionals and the key influential factors when facing different types of contracting meanwhile. By using Analytical Hierarchy Process, it has applied on every aspect and the percentages of the secondary indexes for the decision makers’ of different types of procurement and contracting and the results have also been compared with other related researches in order to figure out the differences and their causes. Combined with the study on the demand from top management, facility professionals and procurement professionals of the enterprises of the plant construction for the contracting of new plant construction systems, the contractors’ can draw up the responding contracting strategies and provide them to decision makers as the reference whiling they are making judgments.
Key words:
Semiconductor industries, Opto-electronic industries, Contracting work, Procurement strategies, Contracting strategies.
目錄………………………………………………………………………………Ⅰ
表目錄……………………………………………………………………………Ⅱ
圖目錄……………………………………………………………………………Ⅲ
第一章 緒論……………………………………………………………………
第一節 研究背景與動機…………………………………………………………1
第二節 研究目的…………………………………………………………………3
第三節 研究範圍…………………………………………………………………4
第四節 研究流程…………………………………………………………………5
第五節 論文章節架構……………………………………………………………8
第二章 文獻探討…………………………………………………………………10
第一節 高科技產業趨勢…………………………………………………………10
第二節 建廠相關文獻回顧………………………………………………………18
第三節 外包相關研究探討………………………………………………………24
第四節 多層級程序分析法………………………………………………………31
第三章 研究方法…………………………………………………………………33
第一節 研究架構建立……………………………………………………………33
第二節 研究對象…………………………………………………………………34
第三節 研究方法…………………………………………………………………34
第四節 問卷設計…………………………………………………………………41
第四章 研究結果…………………………………………………………………44
第一節 問卷結果與分析…………………………………………………………44
第二節 個案公司之研究分析……………………………………………………69
第五章 結論與建議………………………………………………………………80
第一節 研究結論…………………………………………………………………80
第二節 研究建議…………………………………………………………………81
第三節 研究限制與未來研究方向………………………………………………81
參考文獻…………………………………………………………………………82
中文參考文獻……………………………………………………………………82
英文參考文獻……………………………………………………………………84
附件………………………………………………………………………………85
附件一……………………………………………………………………………85
附件………………………………………………………………………………96
附件三……………………………………………………………………………102
附件四……………………………………………………………………………110 |
