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    题名: 影音DVD光碟片產業產品創新策略個案研究
    A Case Study for Product Innovation in Video DVD Disc Industry
    作者: 賴志輝
    贡献者: 尹啟銘
    賴志輝
    关键词: 影音DVD碟片
    產品創新策略
    創新螺旋
    Video DVD Disc
    Product Innovation Strategy
    Spiral of Innovation
    日期: 2005
    上传时间: 2009-09-11 17:44:31 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 本研究主要探討的是國際標準化商品的製造業者如何從事產品創新，特別是針對一個企業銷售的產品就是標準化的完成品，最典型的例子，就是台灣佔有亞太最大產能的影音DVD光碟片製造業。差異化是企業提升競爭力的主要手段，也是經常被企業採用的競爭策略。一個企業可以尋求差異化的空間顯然和自己產品或服務被標準化的程度有關。產品「被標準化」的程度越高，除了創意越容易受限，組織出現「核心僵固」的情形可能也越嚴重。
    本研究延續組織知識創造學說「知識螺旋」理論的精髓，提出「創新螺旋」策略規劃程序的理論模型架構，「創新螺旋」模型是一個以產品創新為主軸的策略規劃程序，以行銷導向創新策略為其核心。行銷導向的創新是一個企業核心能耐經組織內部「共同化」，「外化」訴諸市場，再與市場需求「結合」串連，「內化」為企業策略的過程，意謂著企業核心價值與市場價值缺口產生共鳴的「知識螺旋」。「創新螺旋」模型描述企業應以「市場價值、創造價值、核心價值」做為產品創新的核心概念，以「創新是兩種看似不相干的事物將其成功結合」的中心思想，同時秉持「創新來自邊陲的精神」，尋求產品創新上的突破。
    一般而言，國際標準規格的制訂是由大國大廠所主導，技術開發首動者的效益來自參與規格制訂及日後商品上市後收取的龐大權利金。一般小廠小國，市場影響力小、技術開發資源有限，不易參與規格角力的競賽，更遑論發揮舉足輕重的影響力，這是一個殘酷的國際現實。因此小廠小國的標準化商品的製造業者，如何從事產品創新就是本研究所要探討的課題。本研究探討的個案公司以「創新螺旋」策略規劃程序的理論模型做為其產品創新的藍本，檢視在此情境下的台灣影音DVD碟片的製造業者，在產品創新過程遭遇到的困境及其突圍的方式。本研究同時觀摩比較其他國際級的競爭同業，如何發揮其地理環境上的優勢及本身的核心能耐，在次世代藍光DVD來臨之繼，創造更有利的競爭條件。
    This thesis aims to study how to do the product innovation under the condition as the core product or service of one corporate is an international standardized end product. The typical example is such as the video DVD disc manufacturers in Taiwan, who own the major market share in the world wide total throughput. From the strategic point of view, “differentiation” has been widely used to build up a corporate core competency. However, the limitation for one corporate to do the product differentiation is corresponding to its product status being standardized. The higher standardized condition on product it is, the more limitation on creation it will be. It also will cause the organization to be inflexible, furthermore becomes stubborn.
    Generally speaking, international standard has been formulated by the strong or big countries and international corporate. The first mover advantage to develop the product should be as a format creator and as a licenser in the long run as into the commercialized phase. On the other hand, usually, for the small companies or countries, it has less technology resource and marketing power to influence the standard formation. Under such kind of situation, is there any chance for the small companies to do the product innovation? This is the main topic for the thesis to investigate.
    This research extends the organization knowledge creativity theory by Nonaka (1995) as the “Spiral of Knowledge” to a new model as “Spiral of Innovation”, which presents the sequence of strategy formation in term of product innovation. Marketing-oriented product developing pattern is the main pursuit of the “Spiral of Innovation”. The first step, through the ”socialization” inside the corporate, the common understanding of the corporate standing position can be created. As for product developing, targeting to find out the customers need or the lack in the marketing, those finding should be put into the step as “externalization”. After that, through “combination” of marketing need and corporate competency, the systematic concept can be developed. The final step, all the above can be converted into the organization function inside corporate, which is called as “internalization”. “Spiral of Innovation” theory states, for a corporate, it takes the “marketing value, creating value and corporate core value” as the core product developing concept. The innovation can be simply interpreted as “the success to combine two dissimilar or irrelevant matters”. Innovation usually generates from that being lack of concern or attention.
    This research studies the case, Taiwan No.1 video DVD disc manufacturer, which implements the “Spiral of Innovation” model as the framework of its product developing strategy formation. It shows the dilemma the corporate faces in the effort for product differentiation and those attempts it took for breakthrough. It also compares the product developing strategy with some other key and leading players from USA, Europe and Japan. From innovation point of view, those companies intend to exploit their advantage from location and core competency to find out the optimal position for the coming next generation high density DVD era.
    第一章、 緒論
    1.1 研究背景與動機-------------------------------------1
    1.2 研究目的與問題-------------------------------------4
    1.3 研究方法------------------------------------------4
    1.4 章節架構------------------------------------------6
    第二章、文獻探討
    2.1 創新理論------------------------------------------7
    2.2 創新策略-----------------------------------------12
    2.3 創新的不確定性與創新策略的關係----------------------16
    2.4 核心能耐與創新策略的關係---------------------------18
    2.5 策略九說的理論架構與「標準化」、「差異化」策略的選擇---22
    2.6 策略行銷4C理論架構--------------------------------25
    2.7 知識螺旋(Spiral of Knowledge)理論-----------------28
    第三章、「創新螺旋」模型
    3.1 傳統策略規劃程序----------------------------------31
    3.2 行銷導向的創新策略--------------------------------33
    3.3 「創新螺旋」策略規劃程序理論模型--------------------44
    第四章、影音DVD碟片產業結構分析
    4.1 影音DVD碟片產業體系-------------------------------57
    4.2 影音DVD碟片產業結構-------------------------------65
    4.3 影音DVD碟片價值鏈分析-----------------------------82
    4.4 次世代藍光DVD規格之爭-----------------------------83
    4.5 網路數位影音對DVD碟片產業的衝擊--------------------87
    4.6 解析歐美一線廠Technicolor和Cinram的發展策略--------92
    4.7 解析美日二線廠DDS M計劃和Memory Tech的發展策略-----96
    第五章、以「創新螺旋」模型做個案公司產品創新路徑研究
    5.1 個案公司簡介-------------------------------------99
    5.2 以策略三構面來描繪個案公司發展近況-----------------101
    5.3 SWOT/五力分析檢視個案公司競爭力-------------------106
    5.4 尋找顧客未被滿足的需要或市場價值的缺口-------------117
    5.5 個案公司創新思維手段—以核心技術為基礎的多角化策略---118
    5.6 傳遞新價值至市場檢驗-試探水溫---------------------133
    第六章、結論--------------------------------------------135
    參考文獻------------------------------------------------136
    附錄、以策略行銷4C理論推估不同規格高畫質DVD發展機會
    附錄.1 標準化產品形成的考慮因素-------------------------140
    附錄.2 智財戰略的極致就是標準化戰略---------------------144
    附錄.3 DVD國際標準規格的形成---------------------------146
    附錄.4 「紅」、「藍」大戰 華人自創紅光高畫質規格----------151
    附錄.5 以策略行銷4C理論推估不同規格高畫質DVD發展機會------154
    參考文獻: 一、中文部份
    1. 李仁芳(2002) ，從阿里山神木到挪威森林，臺北，數位時代2002年8月
    2. 邱志聖(2002)，策略行銷分析，臺北，智勝文化出版
    3. 吳思華(2000) ，策略九說，臺北，城邦文化出版
    4. 周天佑(2006)，臺灣預錄DVD產業創新商業模式之研究，臺大管理學院國 際企業管理組碩士論文，民國95年
    5. 陳世和(2006)，預錄型光碟產業分析暨經營策略探討以個案公司為例，中央大學企業管理研究所碩士論文，民國95年
    6. 翁秉群(2004)，產業標準競爭策略分析，中興大學企業管理研究所碩士論文，民國93年
    7. 黃群超(2005)，中國大陸/臺灣光碟廠(一次性可錄式光碟)競爭優勢探討，中央大學管理學院高階主管企業管理碩士班論文
    8. 蔡如菱(2002)，企業內部創新發想過程及影響因素之探討，中正大學企業管理研究論文，民國91年
    9. 劉常勇(2000)，邁向標準化的技術市場競爭
    二、英文部份
    1. Ansoff, I.H. and J.M. Stewart(1967), “Strategies for a Technology-Based Business”, Harvard Business Review May-June, 112-121.
    2. Barney, J.(1991),”Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage”, Journal of Management,17(1):pp.99-120
    3. Betz, F. (1993), “Strategic Technology Management”, New York : McGraw-Hill
    4. Coates, T. T. & McDermott, C. M.(2001), “An Exploratory Analysis of New Competences: A Resource Based View Perspective”, Journal of Operations Management, 20:pp.435-450.
    5. Dziura, M. (2001), “Innovation: Sources & Strategies”, Int. J. Technology Management, 21(5/6): pp.612-627.
    6. Garcia, R. & Calantone, R.(2002), “A Critical Look at Technological Innovation & Innovativeness Terminology: A Literature Review”. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 19(2):pp.110-132
    7. Henderson, R. & Clark, K.(1990), “Architectural innovation: The Reconfiguration of Existing Product Technologies and the Failure of Established Firm”, Administrative Science Quarterly, 35:pp9-30.
    8. Gilbert J.T. 1994, “Choosing an Innovation Strategy：Theory & Practice.”, Business Horizons, Non-Dec, pp.16-22.
    9. Javidan, M.(1998), “Core Competence: What does it mean in practice?”, Long Range Planning, 31(1):pp60-71
    10. Leonard-Barton, (1995), Wellsprings of knowledge: building and sustaining the sources of innovation, Boston, Mass.. Harvard Business School Press.
    11. Lynn, G. S. & Akgun, A. E. (1998), “Innovation Strategies Under Uncertainty: A Contingency Approach for New Product Development”, Engineering Management Journal, 10(3): pp11-17.
    12. Madou, Marc J. (2002), Fundamentals of Microfabrication: the Science of Miniaturation, CRC Press LLC.
    13. McDermott, C. M. & O’Connor G. C.(2002), “Managing Radical innovation: An Review of Emergent Strategy Issues”, Journal of Product Innovation Management,” ,19(6): pp.424-438.
    14. Mintzberg H., Lampel J., Quinn J. B., & Ghoshal S., (1991), “The Strategy Process: Concepts, Contexts, Casess”, Pearson Education, Inc., New Jersey
    15. Nonaka. I. and Takeuchi, H.,( 1995), The Knowledge Creating Company: How Japanese Companies Create the Dynamics of Innovation, New York: Oxford University press,.
    16. Narayandas, Das(2005), “Building Loyalty in Business Markets,” Harvard Business Review. Sep. 2005, Vol. 83, Iss. 9; pp.131
    17. Prahalad, & Hamel, (1990), “The Core competence of the Corporation”, Harvard Business Review, May ~ June: pp.79-91.
    18. Porter M.E., (1985) Competitive creating and Sustaining Superior Performance, New York
    19. Reenen, J.V. (1997), “Employment the Technological Innovation: Evidence From U.K. Manufacturing Firms”, Journal of Labor Economics, 15(2): pp.255-283.
    20. Slater S. F. & Narver J. C.(1995), Market oriented isn’t enough: build a learning organization: commentary, Mass. : Marketing Science Institute, 1994
    21. Souder, W. E. (1987), Managing New Product Innovations, Toronto, Mass.: Lexington Books.
    22. Van de Ven (1989), Research on the Management of Innovation, Harper & Row
    三、其他參考資料
    1. Afuah(2000), A. (民89)，徐作聖、丘奕嘉合譯，創新管理，台北；華泰
    2. Clayton M. Christensen & Michael E. Raynor(1990)，李芳齡、李田樹 譯，創新者的解答，臺北，天下雜誌出版
    3. Hill & Jones著(民81)，黃營杉譯，策略管理，p281
    4. Ikujiro Nonaka & Hirotak Takeuchi (1997)，王美音、楊子江譯，創新求勝，臺北，遠流文化出版
    5. Porter M.E., (1980) Competitive Strategy，周旭華 譯，臺北，天下文化出版
    6. W. Chan Kim & Renee Mauborgne(2005) ，黃秀媛譯，藍海策略，臺北，天下遠見出版
    四、參考網站
    1. Cinram Inc. 網站: http://www.cinram.com
    2. DVD Forum網站: http://www.dvdforum.com
    3. IFPI 網站: http://www.ifpi.org
    4. IRMA 網站: http://www.recordingmedia.org
    5. Understanding & Solutions 網站: http://www.uands.org
    描述: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    科技管理研究所
    92932905
    94
    資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0092932905
    数据类型: thesis
    显示于类别:[科技管理研究所] 學位論文

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