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    题名: 影響交換生適應地主國因素之研究
    Factors affecting exchange students’ adjustment in host countries
    作者: 胡婷
    贡献者: 于卓民
    胡婷
    关键词: 適應
    交換生
    地主國
    日期: 2008
    上传时间: 2009-09-11 16:50:27 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 本研究以台灣研究所學生參與歐洲學校交換計畫為例，以個案研究法探討影響交換學生適應地主國環境之因素，提出兩大研究問題：(1) 離開母國前，哪些因素影響交換生在地主國之適應行為？ (2) 抵達地主國後，哪些因素影響交換生在地主國之適應程度？
    針對以上問題，本研究將影響交換生適應因素分為兩大類，在「離開母國前的影響因素」，研究發現「語言能力」、「事前準備」、「態度與動機」與「人格特質」、「文化差距」、「物價水準」以及「交換學校提供國際學生之資源」，皆對交換學生之適應有影響，且台灣與外籍交換學生在「態度與動機」有明顯不同，因此對對適應行為和適應程度之定義也有差異。
    在「抵達地主國後的影響因素」方面，交換學生「人際社交行為」對象，以來自母國和華裔背景交換學生之互動和親友之支持與鼓勵對適應程度的幫助最大；台灣與外籍交換學生在「環境互動行為」方面具顯著差異；而基本需求之滿足，是驅動交換學生所有適應行為之根本，對適應具有重大影響。
    而當交換學生遭遇「適應不良」的情形時，會透過改變心態被動接受或主動創造新生活兩種方式，改變交換學生在地主之適應行為。最後，本研究歸納交換學生適應程度可以「心理感到舒適自在」、「生理對環境適應狀況」、「受他人肯定程度」以及「建立對地主國生活的喜好」等四個標準衡量。
    本研究建議交換學生可透過維持和母國相同的生活品質、建立在地主國的社交人脈，以及創造屬於地主國的新生活模式等方式，提高在地主國之適應程度。交換學校方面，則應創造國際交換學生交流的機會，並依亞洲與歐美交換學生，動機與目的之不同而調整學校宣傳特色。
    參考文獻: 中文部分
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    教育部統計處資料網站：http://www.edu.tw/statistics/content.aspx?site_content_sn=8956
    描述: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    企業管理研究所
    95355028
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