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    Title: 綠色環保壓力對企業競爭優勢影響之研究-以國內資訊電子相關產業為例
    Authors: 陳宥杉
    Chen,Yu-Shan
    Contributors: 賴士葆
    溫肇東


    陳宥杉
    Chen,Yu-Shan
    Keywords: 綠色創新
    環保壓力
    企業競爭優勢
    永續發展
    Date: 2003
    Issue Date: 2009-09-11 16:41:17 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 本研究的目的在於探討綠色環保壓力是否帶給企業綠色創新的正向影響，並且可進一步為企業帶來競爭優勢，而給予綠色環保壓力正確的評價與定位。其它干擾效果是否顯著，也是本研究希望探討的研究目的。本研究採取問卷調查的方式，針對國內六類資訊電子相關產業進行大樣本實證分析，並以LISREL、迴歸分析以及ANOVA進行統計分析。
    研究結果發現，外部環保壓力與內部自發性環保壓力與綠色創新績效呈正相關，本研究雖然沒有針對每個環保壓力來源的強度進行衡量，但是由個案研究結果發現，國內資訊電子產業最大的外部環保壓力為國外知名資訊大廠以及政府，最大的內部自發性環保壓力為高階主管。而且組織規模愈大或是組織惰性愈小時，外部環保壓力對於綠色創新績效的正向影響程度愈大；但是內部自發性環保壓力對於綠色創新績效的正向影響程度，不受組織規模或是組織惰性這兩個干擾變數所影響。此外，本研究也發現企業的綠色創新績效與企業競爭優勢呈正相關；而且當競爭者的能力愈低或是產業成長率愈高時，綠色創新績效對於企業競爭優勢的正向影響程度愈大。
    另外，本研究也發現半導體產業的外部環保壓力高於內部自發性環保壓力；電子組件業與消費電子產業的整體性綠色創新績效較高，而光電產業與半導體產業的整體性綠色創新績效較低；若以綠色產品創新績效而言，消費電子產業的綠色產品創新績效最高，而半導體產業的綠色產品創新績效最低者；若以綠色製程創新績效而言，電子組件產業與半導體產業的綠色製程創新績效較高，而消費電子產業的綠色製程創新績效最低。此外，研究結果也發現消費電子產業與通訊產業的綠色產品創新績效顯著高於綠色製程創新績效，而半導體產業與光電產業的綠色製程創新績效顯著高於綠色產品創新績效。
    本研究發現，環保壓力會藉由綠色創新而對企業競爭優勢帶來正面影響，因此適度的環保壓力對企業而言是有幫助的。但是內部自發性環保壓力與外部環保壓力是不同的，由於內部自發性環保壓力是企業可以自行控制的，而且對於綠色創新績效的正面影響程度不受組織規模與組織惰性的干擾效果所影響，因此內部自發性環保壓力是值得企業去培育與創造的。雖然環保壓力會對企業綠色創新績效帶來正面影響，但是如果環保壓力過大的話，企業可能會承受不了而倒閉或移往國外。因此最適環保壓力程度為何，是本研究所沒有深入探討的，後續研究可針對這部分進行研究，以彌補此研究缺口。

    關鍵字：綠色創新、環保壓力、競爭優勢、永續發展
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