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| Title: | 創新驅動的發展型國家：中國電動車產業的崛起
Innovation-Enabling Developmental State: The Rise of China’s EV Industry |
| Authors: | 葉嘉如
Celebi, Elanur |
| Contributors: | 冷則剛
Leng, Tse-Kang
葉嘉如
Elanur Celebi |
| Keywords: | 發展型國家
中國電動車（EV）產業
中國內燃機（ICE）產業
創新
比亞迪
比較產業發展
The Developmental State
Chinese Electric Vehicle (EV) Industry
Chinese Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) Industry
Innovation
BYD
Comparative Industrial Development |
| Date: | 2025 |
| Issue Date: | 2025-09-01 15:01:42 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 本論文以電動車（EV）產業為視角，透過比亞迪（BYD）案例，探討中國作為發展型國家的轉變過程。中國早期試圖透過國有企業（SOEs）與外資合資企業來升級其內燃機（ICE）汽車產業，但在創新與全球競爭力方面的效果有限。相比之下，中國在電動車領域的意外成功挑戰了既有的後發展理論與國家主導型工業化理論。本文主張，中國成功崛起並成為全球電動車的領導者，反映出其從僵化、國企主導的工業模式轉向一種具備制度適應性、公私協調、區域實驗與彈性的「創新使能型」發展型國家。本研究結合發展型國家理論與創新系統文獻，指出中國中央與地方政府如何透過對激勵機制的調整、對研發的資助以及對本土企業（如比亞迪）的支持，有效促進了電動車產業的發展。然而，研究也強調企業層級的創新與策略能動性至關重要。比亞迪的崛起不僅依賴國家支持，更有賴其內部能力，如垂直整合、長期研發投入與組織彈性，使其能夠掌握政策機遇、應對挑戰，並超越國內外競爭者。透過對ICE與EV兩個產業部門的歷史比較分析，本文指出後發展國家的成功創新依賴的是一種「使能型」而非「控制型」的國家角色，即創造有利於實驗與學習的制度條件。本研究對發展型國家理論進行修正，提出一種更適用於高科技產業的、具適應性與創新導向的國家干預模式。
This thesis examines the transformation of China’s developmental state through the lens of the electric vehicle (EV) industry, focusing on the case of BYD. While China’s earlier attempts to upgrade its automobile industry through state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and joint ventures in the internal combustion engine (ICE) sector yielded limited innovation and global competitiveness, its unexpected success in the EV industry has challenged conventional theories of late development and state-led industrialization. This study argues that China’s emergence as a global EV leader reflects a shift from a rigid, SOE-dominated industrial model toward an innovation-enabling developmental state characterized by institutional adaptability, public-private coordination, regional experimentation and flexibility. Drawing on developmental state theory and innovation systems literature, the research demonstrates how China's central and local governments played an important role in enabling the EV sector by aligning incentives, funding R&D, and supporting indigenous firms like BYD. However, it also highlights the crucial role of firm-level innovation and strategic agency. BYD’s rise is attributed not merely to state support, but to its internal capabilities, such as vertical integration, long-term R&D investment, and organizational adaptability, which allowed it to seize opportunities, navigate policy environments, and outperform both domestic and international competitors. Through a comparative historical analysis of the ICE and EV sectors, the thesis shows that successful innovation in late-developing states requires a state that enables rather than controls, creating institutional conditions that reward experimentation and learning. The findings contribute to the revision of developmental state theory by proposing an adaptive, innovation-oriented model of state intervention suited for high-tech industries. |
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| Description: | 碩士
國立政治大學
亞太研究英語碩士學位學程(IMAS)
112926030 |
| Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0112926030 |
| Data Type: | thesis |
| Appears in Collections: | [亞太研究英語博/碩士學位學程(IDAS/IMAS)] 學位論文
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