Loading...
|
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/157854
|
| Title: | 中國對拉丁美洲能源投資分析： 以墨西哥灣及阿根廷瓦卡穆爾塔之投資為例
Analysis of China’s energy investment in Latin America： The cases of the Golf of Mexico and Vaca Muerta in Argentina |
| Authors: | 劉則緯 |
| Contributors: | 馮慕文
劉則緯 |
| Keywords: | 對外投資
能源合作
風險管理
拉丁美洲
外交戰略
Foreign investment
Energy cooperation
Risk management
Latin America
Diplomatic strategy |
| Date: | 2025 |
| Issue Date: | 2025-07-01 15:30:36 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 本研究探討中國政府在阿根廷與墨西哥之對外能源投資策略，分析中國國營背景企業如何在阿根廷與墨西哥中進行能源資源開發與合作，研究發現，中國政府通過外交渠道與經濟合作框架，積極推動中國企業在阿根廷瓦卡穆爾塔和墨西哥灣等地區的能源投資，目的是增強兩國的能源合作並擴大中國在全球能源市場的影響力。然而，儘管中國在這些國家取得一定的外交與政策支持，實際投資成效卻受到不同程度的挑戰。在阿根廷，由於經濟不穩定、政策落差與社會運動的反對，造成中國企業開發瓦卡穆爾塔的頁岩油資源成效有限；而在墨西哥，中國企業原先得益於墨西哥政府的能源改革和較為穩定的法規環境，但後續因政府能源政策調整成效未如預期，通過對兩國市場的比較，研究還深入探討中國國家對外投資中的風險管理、政策協調及社會責任實踐等問題，並提出中國對外能源投資策略優劣缺失，旨在提高投資之可持續性與長期效益。
This study examines the Chinese government's foreign energy investment strategies in Argentina and Mexico, analyzing how Chinese state-owned enterprises engage in energy resource development and cooperation in both countries. The findings reveal that the Chinese government, through diplomatic channels and economic cooperation frameworks, has actively promoted Chinese enterprises’ energy investments in regions such as Vaca Muerta in Argentina and the Gulf of Mexico. The objective is to strengthen bilateral energy cooperation and expand China's influence in the global energy market.
However, despite gaining a certain degree of diplomatic and policy support in these countries, the actual investment outcomes have faced varying levels of challenges. In Argentina, economic instability, policy inconsistencies, and opposition from social movements have limited the effectiveness of Chinese enterprises in developing shale oil resources in Vaca Muerta. In Mexico, while Chinese companies initially benefited from the country's energy reform and relatively stable regulatory environment, subsequent shifts in government energy policies have led to outcomes that fell short of expectations.
Through a comparative analysis of the two markets, the study further explores key issues in China’s foreign investment strategy, including risk management, policy coordination, and the practice of corporate social responsibility. Finally, it proposes strengths and weaknesses for China’s future foreign energy investment strategies to enhance sustainability and long-term benefits. |
| Reference: | 中文
（一）期刊論文
Dussel, E.,2024, 〈2024年中國在拉丁美洲和加勒比海地區基礎設施項目報告〉， Red ALC-China。
周炳男，2021，〈阿根廷「攔路人」（Piquetero）運動發展（1995-2007年）〉，淡江大學拉丁美洲研究所碩士論文。
宮國威，2006，〈二十一世紀中共與拉美關係在亞太戰略環境中的意涵〉，全球政治評論第十五期，頁51-72。
崔守軍、張子陽，2016，〈探析中國與委內瑞拉能源合作〉，現代國際關係，2016年第2期，頁47-53。
連德宏，2009，〈近年來中國對外直接投資之探討〉，Economic Research年刊第9期，頁365-398。
鄧中堅，2010，〈中國大陸在拉丁美洲的石油取得：國家與企業的聯盟〉，長庚人文社會學報第三卷第一期，頁45-70。
（二）官方檔、出版品
CNOOC（中海油能源發展有限公司），2022，〈2022年可持續發展報告〉，網址：https：//www.cenertech.cnooc.com.cn/kcxfz/kcxfzbg/P020240520422661026207.pdf，查閱時間2024/9/30。
中國近海油氣田開發志編纂委員會，2012，〈中國近海油氣田開發志〉，石油工業出版社，ISBN：7502189121,9787502189181。
中華人民共和國中央人民政府網，2023，〈攜手構建人類命運共同體：中國的倡議與行動〉，網址：https：//www.gov.cn/zhengce/2023-09/26/content_6906335.htm，查閱時間2024/9/30。
中華人民共和國商務部對外投資和經濟合作司、商務部國際貿易經濟合作研究院、中國駐墨西哥大使館經濟商務處，2024，〈對外投資合作國別（地區）指南〉，網址：https：//www.mofcom.gov.cn/dl/gbdqzn/upload/moxige.pdf，查閱時間2024/9/30。
自然之友，2020，〈中國企業境外投資法律法規政策彙編及分析報告〉，網址：https：//www.fon.org.cn/Uploads/file/20230209/63e4463705da0.pdf，查閱時間2024/9/30。
（三）網路資料
BBC 中文網，2013，〈中海油併購加拿大尼克森獲美批准〉，https：//www.bbc.com/zhongwen/trad/business/2013/02/130213_cnooc_nexen，查閱時間2025/3/1。
ChemNews，2024，〈阿根廷押寶瓦卡穆爾塔油氣田〉，中國化工信息雜誌，https：//www.chemnews.com.cn/c/2024-01-24/731224.shtml，查閱時間2025/3/1。
Smink V.，2014，〈國際縱橫：中國在阿根廷鮮受關注的利益〉，https：//bbc.com/zhongwen/trad/china/2014/07/140718_china_argentina_bbcmundo，BBC News中文，查閱時間2024/10/1。
中國海洋石油有限公司，2024，〈中國海洋石油有限公司2024年年度報告〉，https：//www.cnoocltd.com/tzzgx/dqbg/nb/202503/P020250327605146009602.pdf，查閱時間2024/10/1。
中國新聞網，2014，〈中海油與墨西哥國家石油公司簽署合作諒解備忘錄〉，https：//chinanews.com.cn/ny/2014/11-13/6772903.shtml，查閱時間2025/3/1。
王淵、史麗、薛婧，2023，〈國家發展改革委副主任叢亮：提高對共建「一帶一路 」綠色發展的支持力度〉，https：//news.cnstock.com/news,bwkx-202309-5128494.html，新華社、上海證券報、上海證券網，查閱時間2024/9/30。
香港文匯網，2024，〈美洲首個軌道交通項目 助圓哥倫比亞「地鐵夢」〉，https：//www.wenweipo.com/a/202401/29/AP65b6b536e4b0df1fefd5b110.html，查閱時間2025/3/1。
財聯網，2023，〈南美「鋰三角」加速打造「鋰亞歐佩克」背後：全球鋰資源爭奪「白熱化」，國內鋰鹽企業開展新一輪鋰礦擴張競賽〉，https：//www.cls.cn/detail/1368964，查閱時間2024/10/1。
英文
（一）專書
CEPAL, 2018, “Exploring new forms of cooperation between Latin America and the Caribbean and China”, ECLAC.
Ellis, R.E., 2009, “China in Latin America：The Whats and Wherefores”, Boulder, CO & London：Lynne Rienner Publishers.
Gallagher, K.P. & Porzecanski, R., 2010, “The Dragon in the Room：China and the Future of Latin American Industrialization”, Stanford University Press.
Gallagher, K.P. , 2016,“The China Triangle：Latin America’s China Boom and the Fate of the Washington Consensus”,New York, NY：Oxford University Press.
Hearn, A.H., & Leon-Maniquez, J.L., 2013, “China Engages Latin America：Tracing the Trajectory”, Lynne Rienner Publishers.
Kaplan S., 2021, “Globalizing Patient Capital：The political economy of Chinese finance in the Americas”, Cambridge University Press.
（二）期刊論文
Batel, S., Rudolph, D., van der Horst, D., Grant, R., & Mejía-Montero, A., 2021, “Energy justice and social acceptance of renewable energy projects in the Global South”, In D. van der Horst, D. Rudolph, R. Grant, & A. Mejía-Montero, A critical approach to the social acceptance of renewable energy infrastructures, pp 217–234.
Chen, W., & Landry, D., 2018, “Capturing the rains： Comparing Chinese and World Bank hydropower projects in Cameroon and pathways for South-South abd North South technology transfer”, Energy Policy, Vol.115, pp.561–571.
Cunial, C., 2021, “Beyond prices and quantites：Greening policies under sectorial reforms in Argentina”, Kleinman Center for Energy Policy, https：//kleinmanenergy.upenn.edu/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/KCEP-Beyond-Prices-and-Quantities-update.pdf（Accessed on 2025/3/13）
Damill, M., Frenkel, R. & Rapetti, M. ,2015, “Macroeconomic policy in Argentina during 2002-2013”, Comparative Economic Studies, Vol 57（3）, pp.369-400.
Dussel, E., 2016, “Chinese investment in Mexico： the contemporary context and challenges”, Asian Perspective, Vol. 40（4）, pp. 627-652.
Eaton, K., 2003, “Can politicians control bureaucrats？ Applying theories of political control to Argentina’s democracy”, Latin American Politics and Society, Cambrige University Press, vol.45（4）, pp 33–62.
Gonzalez, V., 2017, “South-South relations under world market capitalism： The state and the elusive promise of national development in the China-Ecuador resource-extractive relationship”, Review of International Political Economy, Vol. 24（5）, pp. 881-903.
Haslam, P. A., & Tanimoune, N. A., 2016, “The determinants of social conflict in the Latin American mining sector： New evidence with quantitative data”, World Development, vol.78, pp 401–419.
Iturre, M., Amado C., 2010, “Regional implications of China’s quest for energy in Latin America”, East Asia, vol.27（2）, pp 127–143.
Jinapor, J. A., Abor, J. Y., & Graham, M., 2024, “FDI, industrialisation and environmental quality in SSA—the role of institutional quality towards environmental sustainability”, Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, vol.11, article 1484.
Jones, L., & Zou, Y., 2017, “Rethinking the role of state-owned enterprises in China’s rise”, New Political Economy, vol.22（6）, pp 743-760.
Liu, M., Gou T., Ping, W., & Luo, L., 2023, “Sustainability and stability：Will ESG investment reduce the return and volatility spillover effects across the Chinese financial market？”, Energy Economic, vol.121（C）.
Mantilla, K., 2022, “Foreign direct investment in Latin America from the perspective of illicit financial flows： “cocacolonisation” of saving”, CEPAL Review, vol.136, pp 25–43.
Santoro, M., 2021, “China in Latin America in the 21 st century”, Cuadernos Iberoamericanos, vol.8（3）, pp 24–34.
Sweeney, S., 2021, “Mexico’s wall of Resistence ：Why AMLO’s fight for energy sovereignty needs our support”, New Labor Forum, Vol.30（1）, pp.31-41.
Wang, X., Lemus, D. & Cervantes, M., 2017, “Sino-Mexican Energy Cooperation Opportunities in the crude oil sector in the context of energy reform”,Análisis, vol.6（17）, pp 95-126.
Wang, B. & Lin P., 2022, “Whether China’s overseas energy infrastructure projects dirtier or cleaner after the belt and road initiative？”, Energy Policy, vol.166（2022, pp 1-13
Weser, I., 2015, “China’s Energy Engagement with Latin America：A Review of Recent Findings”, In K. P. Gallagher （Ed.）, China and Latin America： Development Challenges and Opportunities, Inter-American Dialogue.
（三）官方資料
Archer Ltd, 2014,“Archer Secures Drilling Contract with YPF S.A. in Argentina”, https：//archerwell.com/archer-secures-drilling-contract-with-ypf-s-a-in-argentina（Accessed on 2024/10/8）
CEPAL, 2022, “Foreign Direct Investment in Latin America and the Caribbean 2022”, Naciones Unidas, https：//www.repositorio.cepal.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/ef1c0b17-e3ae-465c-af60-be372999f596/content（Accessed on 2025/3/13）
CGC Ltd, 2021,“CGC acquires Sinopec Argentina exploration and production”, https：//www.cgc.energy/eng/cgc-sinopec（Accessed on 2024/10/8）
CNOOC, 2022, “Environmental, Social and Governance Report”, https：//www.cnoocltd.com/english/sustainability/environmentalsocialandgovernancereports/202409/P02024121647164174796pdf（Accessed on 2025/3/13）
CNOOC, 2025, “CNOOC Limited Announces Buzios7 Project Commences Production”, CNOOC, https：//www.cnoocltd.com/english/presscenter/pressreleases/2025/202502/t20250216_113337.html（Accessed on 2025/3/13）
Ding, D., Di, F., Lariau, A., & Zhou, Y., 2021, “IMF Working Paper：Chinese investment in Latin America：Sectorial complementarity and the impact of China’s rebalancing WP/21/160”, IMF, https：//www.imf.org/-/media/Files/Publications/WP/2021/English/wpiea2021160-print-pdf-ashx（Accessed on 2025/6/13）
ECLAC, OECD &CAF, 2022, “Latin America Economic Outlook 2022：Toward a green and just transition”, OECD, https：//www.repositorio.cepal.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/e776cadf-97b2-409e-9a1f-4c7e9923c31f/content（Accessed on 2025/3/13）
Greenpeace, 2018, “Greenpeace Research Laboratories Analytical Results 2018-05：Organic contaminants and metals in water, sediment and sludge samples from two hydraulic sites in Argentina”, https：//www.greenpeace.to/greenpeace/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/GRL-AR-2018-05-Vaca-Muerta.pdf（Accessed on 2024/10/8）
IEA（International Energy Agency）, 2023, “Mexico Energy Profile 2023”, https：//www.iea.org/reports/mexico-energy-profile（Accessed on 2025/3/13）
OECD, 2017, “Driving performance at Mexico’s Agency for Safety, Energy and Environment”, OECD Publishing, https：//www.oecd.org/content/dam/oecd/en/publications/reports/2017/10/driving-performance-at-mexico-s-agency-for-safety-energy-and-environment_g1g8021e/9789264280458-en.pdf（Accessed on 2025/3/13）
Seelke, C., Ratner, M., Villareal M. & Hagerty, C., 2013, “Mexico’s Oil and Gas Sector：Background, Reform Efforts, and Implications for the United States”, Congressional Research Service, https：//sgp.fas.org/crs/row/R43313.pdf（Accessed on 2025/3/13）
The Dialogue, 2022, “China-Latin America Finance Database”,Washington, https：//www.thedialogue.org/china-latin-america-finance-databases（Accessed on 2025/3/13）
Tissot, R., 2012, “Latin America’s Energy Future”, Infrastructure and Environment Department, Inter-American Development Bank, https：//www.webimages.iadb.org/publications/English/document/Latin-American-Energy-Future.pdf（Accessed on 2025/3/13）
TotalEnergies, 2017, “2017 registration document：including the annual financial report”, TotalEnergies, https：//www.totalenergies.com/sites/g/files/nytnzq121/files/atoms/files/ddr2017-va-web.pdf（Accessed on 2025/3/13）
World Bank, 2023, “2023 Annual Report：Extractive Globak Programmatic Suppor（EGPS）Umbrella Trust Fund”, https：//documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099642102072470191/pdf/IDU1106b4e821c626144ee1a1d31e5273186c419.pdf（Accessed on 2025/3/13）
（四）網路資料
Armony, A. & Dussel, E., 2018, “Chinese Infrastructure in Latin America： A New Frontier”, Diálogo Earth, https：//dialogo.earth/en/business/11459-chinese-infrastructure-in-latin-ameirca-a-new-frontier（Accessed on 2024/10/8）
Berg, C., Polo, E., & Ziemer, H., 2023, “For North American Energy Security, Go Local：Examining the Role of Natural Gas and Mexico’s Energy Sector”, Center for Strategic & International Studies（CSIS）, https：//www.csis.org/analysis/north-american-energy-security-go-local-examining-role-natural-gas-and-mexicos-energy（Accessed on 2025/3/13）
Buenos Aires Times, 2019, “Moody’s puts Argentina on negative outlook on uncertainty”,https：//www.batimes.com.ar/news/economy/moodys-puts-argentina-on-negative-outlook-on-uncertainty.phtml（Accessed on 2025/3/13）
Business & Human Rights Resource Centre, 2023, “Latin America： 14 cases show environmental and human rights violations by Chinese companies, report for UN says”, Business & Human Rights Resource Centre, https：//www.business-humanrights.org/en/latest-news/latin-america-14-cases-show-environmental-and-human-rights-violations-by-chinese-companies-report-for-un-says（Accessed on 2025/3/13）
Chen, J., 2021,“Cross Default：Definition, How it works, and Consequences”, Investopedia, https：//www.investopedia.com/terms/c/crossdefault.asp （Accessed on 2024/10/8）
Columbia Center on Sustainable Investment, 2016,“Local Content Mexico-Petroleum”, https：//www.ccsi.columbia.edu/sites/ccsi.columbia.edu/files/content/docs/Local%20Content%20-Mexico%20Petroleum%20-%20CCSI-%20Jan%202016.pdf（Accessed on 2025/3/13）
Cunial, C., 2021, “Beyond prices and quantites：Greening policies under sectorial reforms in Argentina”, Kleinman Center for Energy Policy, https：// Kleinman.upenn.edu/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/KCEP-Beyond-Prices-and-Quantities-update.pdf（Accessed on 2025/3/13）
Ellis, R., 2020, “China’s Engagement with Latin America in the Context of Strategic Competition with the United States”, Strategic Studies Institute, U.S. Army War College, Testimony before the US-China Economic and Security Review Commission, https：//www.uscc.gov/sites/default/files/2020-06/Ellis_Testimony.pdf（Accessed on 2025/3/13）
Forbes, 2000, “CNOOC”, Forbes, https：//www.forbes.com/companies/cnooc/#f8d14a53f6b5/（Accessed on 2025/3/13）
Fundación Andrés Bello, 2024, “Chinese Companies and Socio-Environmental Impacts in the Andean Region： A Shared Responsibility”, https：//fundacionandresbello.org/en/editorials/chinese-companies-and-socio-environmental-impacts-in-the-andean-region-a-shared-responsibility（Accessed on 2025/3/13）
García, A., 2023, “China's growing presence in Latin America is a problem for the West”, Bruegel, https：//www.bruegel.org/newsletter/chinas-growing-presence-latin-america-problem-west（Accessed on 2025/3/13）
Interesse, G., 2024, “China-Mexico economic relations： Trade, investment, and opportunities”, China Briefing, https：//www.china-briefing.com/news/china-mexico-economic-relations-trade-investment-and-opportunities（Accessed on 2025/5/5）
Krauss, C., 2011, “Argentina Hopes for a Big Payoff in its Shale Oil Field Discovery”, The New York Times, http：//nytimes.com/2011/07/05/business/global/05shale.html（Accessed on 2024/10/8）
McKinsey & Company, 2022, “Vaca Muerta：An opportunity to respond to the global energy crisis”, https：//www.mckinsey.com/industries/oil-and-gas/our-insights/vaca-muerta-an-opportunity-to-respond-to-the-global-energy-crisis（Accessed on 2025/10/8）
Meltzer, J., & Coulibaly, B., 2023, “USMCA Forward：2023 Building more integrated resilient, and secure supply chains in North America”, Global Economy and Development, https：//brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/USMCA-Forward-2023.pdf（Accessed on 2024/10/8）
Mercopress, 2015, “YPF and China’s Sinopec sign memorandum to develop shale oil and gas in Patagonia”, https：//en.mercopress.com/2015/01/29/ypf-and-China-s-sinopec-sign-memorandum-to-develop-shale-oil-and-gas-in-patagoni（Accessed on 2024/10/8）
Morris, S., Parks, B.&Gardner, A., 2020, “Chinese and World Bank Lending Terms：A Systematic Comparison Across 157 Countries and 15 Years”, https：//www.cgdev.org/publication/Chinese-and-world-bank-lending-terms-systematic-comparison（Accessed on 2024/10/8）
Mu, X., 2022, “China–Mexico University Cultural Exchange Conference Wraps up in Chongqing”, iChongqing, https：//www.ichongqing.info/2022/05/18/china-mexico-university-cultural-exchange-conference-wraps-up-in-chongqing（Accessed on 2025/3/13）
Pettus, E. L., 2023, “The Expanding Leverage of the People’s Republic of China in Latin America： Implications for US National Security and Global Order”, Journal of Indo-Pacific Affairs, US Southern Command, https：//www.southcom.mil/MEDIA/NEWS-ARTICLES/Article/3553735/the-expanding-leverage-of-the-peoples-republic-of-china-in-latin-america-implic/（Accessed on 2025/3/13）
Quiliconi, C., & Rodriguez, P., 2021, “Chinese Mining and Indigenous Resistance in Ecuador”, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, https：//carnegieendowment.org/research/2021/09/chinese-mining-and-indigenous-resistance-in-ecuador？lang=en（Accessed on 2025/3/13）
Radwin M., 2022, “Chinese investment in Latin America plagues people and nature：Report”, Mongabay, https：//news.mongabay.com/2022/03/chinese-investment-in-latin-america-plagues-people-and-nature-report（Accessed on 2025/3/13）
Radwin M., 2024, “China accepts U.N. recommendations to improve environmental conflicts in Latin America”, Mongabay, https：//news.mongabay.com/2024/08/china-accepts-u-n-recommendations-to-improve-environmental-conflicts-in-latin-america/（Accessed on 2025/3/13）
Ray, R., Albright, Z., Wang, A,2021, “China-Latin America Economic Bulletin 2021 Edition”, Global Development Policy Center, Boston University, https：//www.bu.edu/gdp/files/2021/02/China-LatAm-Econ-Bulletin_2021.pdf（Accessed on 2024/10/8）
Reuters, 2010, “China’s Sinopec buys Occidental's Argentina”, https：//www.reuters.com/article/world/chinas-sinopec-buys-occidentals-argentina-assets-idUSTRE6B91YY（Accessed on 2025/3/13）
Reuters, 2021, “Mexican president may seek constitutional change in power industry”, https：//www.reuters.com/world/americas/mexican-president-may-seek-constitutional-change-power-industry-2021-06-10（Accessed on 2025/3/13）
Reuters, 2022, “Building Set on Fire in Protest Against China’s CNPC in Peru”, https：//www.reuters.com/article/world/building-set-on-fire-in-protest-against-chinas-cnpc-in-peru-idUSKCN1V706H/（Accessed on 2025/3/13）
Reuters, 2024, “China’s oil consumption peaked in 2023,CNPC says”, https：//www.reuters.com/world/china/chinas-oil-consumption-peaked-2023-cnpc-says-2024-12-13/（Accessed on 2025/3/1）
Sala, I., 2017, “More neighbors are saying “no thanks”to Chinese money-for now”, QUARTZ, https：//qz.com/1136000/more-neighbors-are-saying-no-thanks-to-Chinese-money（Accessed on 2024/10/8）
The Guardian, 2024, “Mexico’s love affair with Pemex： will its bid to save the fallen oil giant the shift to clean energy？”, The Guardian, https：//www.theguardian.com/global-development/article/2024/jul/12/mexico-pemex-oil-energy-clean-energy-renewables-solar-lopez-obrador（Accessed on 2025/3/13）
Zheng X., 2016, “CNOOC buys two blocks in oil auction”, China Daily（中國日報網），https：//www.chinadaily.com.cn/business/2016-12/08/content_27606694.htm（Accessed on 2025/3/13）
西班牙文
（一）專書
Jiang, S., Mallimaci, F., 2018, “La franja y la ruta：iniciativa china de cooperacion con America Latina y el Caribe”, Ediciones UNTDF.
Sevares, J., 2015, “China：Un socio imperial para Argentina y América Latina”, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Edhasa.
（二）期刊論文
Aguilar C., 2023, “Apuntes para una historia ambiental de la industria petrolera en México：algunas reflexiones y consideraciones”, Revista de Historia, Sociedad y Cultura, Instituto de Investigaciones Histórico-Sociales, Universidad Veracruzana ,Vol 22（43）, pp 93-123.
Cui, S.（崔守軍）, 2023 ,“Circulación duel de China：Perspectivas para América Latina y el Caribe”, Diplomacía Económica de China en América Latina y el Caribe, Cátedra China Contemporanea（FLACSO，當代中國講堂）,pp 21-30.
Dussel, P. E., 2020,“Mxico y China：condiciones y retos en el comercio en el corto, mediano y largo plazos”,Revista Comercio Exterior, vol.24,pp 24-29.
Favila, A., Zamora A., 2020,“Retos actuales para la inversión china en infraestructura en México：hacia una psoible incorporación a la Iniciativa del Cinturón y la Ruta de la Seda”, Revistas Confines de Ciencia Política y Relaciones internacionales ,vol.16（30）,pp 11-32.
Ortiz, C., &Zabaloy M., 2022, “El gas no convencional de Vaca Muerta como recurso estratégico para la Argentina：Evolución y Tendencias”, Ejes de Economía y Sociedad, Revista especializada en ciencias sociales,Vol. 6（11）, pp 530-560.
Treacy, M., 2022, “Cooperación y dependencia en la relación bilateral de China y Argentina：un análisis de los préstamos y las inversions chinas en el context de la adhensión a la Iniciativa de la Franja y la Ruta”, Perspectivas Revista de Ciencias Sociales,vol.7（14）, pp 414-437.
（三）官方文件、出版品
CEMDA, 2022, “Informe sobre la situación de las personas y comunidades defensoras de los derechos humanos ambientales en México, 2022” , https：//www.cemda.org.mx/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/cmd_abr23-resumen-ejecutivo.pdf（Accessed on 2025/3/13）
CEPAL, 2016, “La inversión extranjera directa en América Latina y el Caribe 2016”, Naciones Unidas ,https：//www.repositorio.cepal.org/server/api/bitstream/bb58997c-af33-4807-809-692d37cb25eb/content（Accessed on 2025/3/13）
CNH, 2016, “Órgano De Gobierno：Septuagésima Primera Extraordinaria de 2016 , 7 de diciembre de 2016, Acuerdo CNH.E.71.002/16”, https：//www.gob.mx/cms/uploads/attachment/file/184562/Acuerdo_CNH.E.71.002-16.pdf（Accessed on 2024/11/13）
CNH, 2019, “Informe de labores 2019”, https：//www.gob.mx/cms/uploads/attachment/file/578060/informe_2019.pdf（Accessed on 2025/3/13）
FARN, 2016, “Impactos del desarrollo de hidrocarburos no convencionales en Argentina”, Fundación Ambiente y Recursos Naturales, https：//farn.org.ar/los-impactos-ambientales-de-la-explotacion-de-hidrocarburos-no-convencionales（Accessed on 2025/3/13）
FARN, 2021, “Efectos, impactos y riesgos socialambientales del megaproyecto Vaca Muerta”, https：//farn.org.ar/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/DOC_IMPACTOS-VACA-MUERTA_links.pdf（Accessed on 2025/3/13）
Gobierno de Mexico, 2024,“Conectividad y zona de Influencia”,Aspiona Tampico, https：//puertodetampico.com.mx/conectividad-y-zona-de-influencia（Accessed on 2024/9/19）
Gobierno de Mexico, 2013,“Reforma Energética”, https：//www.gob.mx/cms/uploads/attachment/file/10233/Explicacion_ampliada_de_la_Reforma_Energetica1.pdf/（Accessed on 2024/11/1）
Greenpeace & Centro Mexicano de Derecho Ambiental, 2022, “Monitoreo ambiental independiente en proyectos petroleros en el Golfo de México”, Greenpeace México y CEMDA, https：//www.cemda.org.mx/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/informe-reporte-actividades2022_web.pdf（Accessed on 2025/3/13）
Ministerio de Economía Argentina, 2023, “Participación de capitales chinos en Argentina, Agosto 2023, Dirección Nacional de Promoción y Economía Minera, Secretaría de Minería de la Nación ”, https：// www.argentina.gob.ar/sites/default/files/participacion_de_capitales_chinos_en_argentina.pdf（Accessed on 2025/3/1）
Ministerio de Energía y Minería, 2017, “Escenarios Energéticos 2030 ”, https：//www.energía.gob.ar/contenidos/archivos/Reorganizacion/planeamiento/escenarios/as15160516401.pdf（Accessed on 2025/3/1）
PEMEX, 2019,“Informe de sustentabilidad 2019 ”, https：//www.pemex.com/acerca/etica_y_transparencia/transparencia/informes/Documents/inf_sustentabilidad_2019_esp.pdf（Accessed on 2025/3/1）
SEMARNAT, 2022,“ Guía para la elaboración de la Manifestación de Impacto Ambiental Regional ”, https：//www.gob.mx/cms/uploads/attachment/file/698811/Guia_MIA_Regional-enero-2022.pdf（Accessed on 2025/3/1）
SENER, 2020, “Programa Sectorial de Energía 2020-2024 ”, https：//www.gob.mx/cms/uploads/attachment/file/562631/PS_SENER_CACEC-DOF_08-07-2020.pdf（Accessed on 2024/11/1）
（四）網路資料
Agencia Proceso, 2014, “Cancela Peña licitación de tren México-Querétaro; revés a salinistas y Vázquez Raña” , https：//proceso.com.mx/nacional/2014/11/6/cancela-pena-licitacion-de-tren-mexico-queretaro-reves-salinistas-vazquez-rana-139438.html（Accessed on 2024/11/1）
Barragán D., 2016, “En aguas profundas, Pemex nadará con flotador”, Sinembargo MX , https：//sinembargo.mx/1637879/pemex-no-nadara-en-aguas-profundas-si-acaso-usuara-flotador（Accessed on 2024/12/10）
Barragán S., 2017, “China reclama a Mexico 11 mil millones por cancelación del Tren Mexico-Queretaro”, Aristegui Noticias, https：//aristeguinoticias.com/2211/mexico/china-reclama-a-mexico-11-mil-millones-por-cancelacion-del-tren-mexico-queretaro（Accessed on 2024/11/1）
Barria C., 2024, “Los 4 pilares que explican la alta popularidad de AMLO tras 6 años gobernando Mexico（y cómo lo ven sus criticos）”, https：//www.bbc.com/mundo/articles/cv22e6g3x59o（Accessed on 2024/11/1）
BBC Mundo, 2013, “Protestas en Argentina por firma de acuerdo YPF-Chevron”, https：www.bbc.com/mundo/ultimas_noticias/2013/07/130716_ultnot_ypf_firma_acuerdo_chevron_msd（Accessed on 2024/11/1）
Bidegaray M., 2021, “Las salidas de Sinpoec de Argentina：un piquete y los gremios la paralizaron”, Clarin, https：//www.clarin.com/economia/salida-sinopec-argentina-piquete-gremios-paralizaron_0_loSKd3Nwk.html？srsltid=AfmBOoo9UYIjJT5OGFxsV2hV5lzugq00dsDa9wDOtZWQwvzgPzRQ3okh（Accessed on 2024/10/8）
Carlos E., 2015, “Vaca Muerta, el sueño del oro negro argentino”, El País,https：//elpais.com/interNaciónal/2015/06/14/actualidad/1434286413_160142.html（Accessed on 2024/12/11）
Cesarín, S., 2010, “China y Argentina：Enfoques y recomendaciones de política para potenciar la relación bilateral”, Observatorio de Politica Exterior Argentina（CEPES） y la Fundación Friedrich Ebert Argentina, https：//library.fes.de/pdf-files/bueros/argentinien/07560.pdf（Accessed on 2025/3/13）
Corona S., 2016, “China entra por primera vez en el mercado del petróleo mexicano”,El País, https：//elpais.com/economia/2016/12/05/actualidad/1480977452_393210.html（Accessed on 2024/9/19）
El Vigia, 2018,“Apuesta fuerte” ,https：//www.elvigia.net/general/2018/2/1/apuesta-fuerte-294942.html（Accessed on 2024/12/10）
Fuentes, G., 2020, “La historia de cómo una red de corrupción（Peña, Higa, Salinas） frenó al Tren México-Querétaro”,Zona Franca, https：//zonafranca.mx/politica-sociedad/la-historia-decomo-una-red-de-corrupcion-pena-higa-salinas-freno-al-tren-mexicoqueretaro（Accessed on 2024/10/8）
García K., 2020, “Corte de Londres falla contra la CFE por cancelación de hidroeléctrica Chicoasén II”, El Economista, https：//www.eleconomista.com.mx/empresas/Corte-de-Londres-falla-contra-laCFE-por-cancelacion-de-hidroelectrica-Chicoasen-II-20200702-0105.html（Accessed on 2024/10/8）
Garzón P., Huang, S., Jensen, S.&Antonio, M., 2021,“Banco de Desarrollo de China：Financiamiento, gobernanza y desafio socio-ambientales para America Latina y el Caribe. Latinoamerica Sustentable ”, https：//www.latsustentable.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/Informe-Banco-de-Desarrollo-de-China-LAS.pdf（Accessed on 2024/11/1）
Golden S., 2021, “El papel de China en la construcción de una nueva geopolitica en Asia y en el mundo, Revista IDEES, https：//www.revistaidees.cat/es/el-papel-de-china-en-la-construccion-de-una-nueva-geopolitica-en-asia-y-en-el-mundo（Accessed on 2024/11/1）
La Nación, 2014,“YPF desmintió a Debora Giorgi sobre la firma de un acuerdo con Gazprom”, https：//www.lanacion.com.ar/politica/ypf- desmintio-a-debora-giorgi-sobre-la-firma-de-un-acuerdo-con-la-empresa-rusa-gazprom-nid1733940（Accessed on 2024/10/8）
Najar A., 2016,“Cinturón Plegado Perdido：la “joya” en el fondo del océano que puede juntar a México y China contra Donald Trump”,BBC Mundo, https：//www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-america-latina-38387575（Accessed on 2024/9/19）
Notimex, 2015,“Clausuran （por fin） obras del proyecto Dragon Mart”,Animal Politico , https：//www.animalpolitico.com/2015/01/tras-multas-por-dano-ambiental-autoridades-mexicana-porfin-clausuran-el-proyecto-dragon-mart-en-cancun（Accessed on 2024/10/8）
Ortiz H., 2018,“Chicoasén II; proyecto parado y olvidado”,Cuarto Poder de Chiapas, https：//www.cuartopoder.mx/chicoasen-ii-proyecto-parado-y-olvidado-250300.html（Accessed on 2024/10/8）
Ramírez P., 2013, “Dragon Marta...a” , Reporte Indigo, https：//www.reporteindigo.com/opinion/Dragon-Mart...a-20130214-0009.html（Accessed on 2024/10/8）
Red ALC-China, 2024,“Ejemplares del Monitor de la infraestructura china en América Latina y el Caribe（2020-2024）”, https：//www.redalc-china.org/monitor/index.php/component/content/article0fbe.htm？id=438（Accessed on 2024/9/19） |
| Description: | 碩士
國立政治大學
國家安全與大陸研究碩士在職專班
111981014 |
| Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0111981014 |
| Data Type: | thesis |
| Appears in Collections: | [國家安全與大陸研究碩士在職專班] 學位論文
|
Files in This Item:
| File |
Description |
Size | Format | |
|---|
| 101401.pdf | | 3416Kb | Adobe PDF | 0 | View/Open |
|
All items in 政大典藏 are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved.
|
