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    Title: 論臺灣先買後付(BNPL)監理與法制之建構
    The Construction of Regulatory and Legal Framework for Buy Now Pay Later (BNPL) in Taiwan
    Authors: 陳真
    Chen, Chen
    Contributors: 陳俊元
    Chen, Chun-Yuan
    陳真
    Chen, Chen
    Keywords: 先買後付
    消費借貸
    信用卡
    金融消費者保護法
    融資租賃業
    融資公司法
    Buy Now Pay Later
    BNPL
    Consumer Credit
    Credit Card
    Financial Consumer Protection Act
    Financing Company
    Financing Company Act
    Date: 2025
    Issue Date: 2025-07-01 14:47:25 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 本論文旨在探討臺灣「先買後付」(Buy Now Pay Later, BNPL)之監理制度與法制建構。BNPL使消費者可於購物時先取得商品或服務,再於約定期間內向BNPL業者還款。此模式近年因科技創新、電子商務成長與疫情衝擊而於全球迅速興起。相較於信用卡,BNPL通常具備申辦門檻低、流程簡便與免息分期等特性,較能吸引無法取得主流金融服務者使用,逐漸成為兼具支付與財務管理功能的替代性工具。然而,臺灣目前針對BNPL尚無明確法律定性與統一監理架構,現行市場由融資租賃業者主導,初期僅採行業自律規範,監理效果有限。雖金融監督管理委員會於2025年4月預告將部分融資租賃業者納入《金融消費者保護法》之適用,各方亦積極研擬融資公司專法,惟現行監理規劃將導致融資租賃市場產生法律適用不一致的現象,對以線上為主之BNPL亦存適用疑義。
    為釐清BNPL本質,本文分析臺灣BNPL業者的服務條款,並與信用卡及無卡分期等工具比較,指出BNPL具有消費借貸之內涵,於現行法未明確定性的情況下,易產生法律適用混淆與監理落差。本文進一步透過比較法研究,檢視英國、澳洲、新加坡與中國大陸的市場發展與監理經驗。綜合比較分析,本文主張BNPL實有必要納入監理,並試就臺灣當前部分納管的監理規劃提出若干建議。展望未來,本文認為應對融資業務之經營秉持一致性監理,並以融資公司專法為基礎,明確界定其規範主體與範圍,將BNPL納入統一監理體系,以確保整體融資市場有序且健全地發展。
    This thesis explores the regulatory and legal framework for Buy Now Pay Later (BNPL) in Taiwan. BNPL enables consumers to obtain goods or services upfront and repay the BNPL provider afterwards, offering low entry barriers, interest-free periods, and installment options, making it attractive to consumer who are underserved by traditional financial institutions. While BNPL has grown rapidly worldwide, Taiwan lacks a clear legal definition and unified regulatory framework. The market is mainly operated by financing leasing companies under industry self-regulation. Although Financial Supervisory Commission announced in April 2025 that certain leasing companies would be brought under the Financial Consumer Protection Act, authorities are drafting a Financing Companies Act. However, current proposals may lead to inconsistencies in the legal application within the financial leasing market and raises questions regarding its applicability to predominantly online-based BNPL services.
    To clarify the legal nature of BNPL, this thesis analyzes the service terms of domestic BNPL providers and compares them with other payment tools, concluding that it embodies the nature of consumer lending. Drawing on development and regulatory experience from the UK, Australia, Singapore, and Mainland China, this thesis argues that BNPL requires regulatory oversight and offers recommendations for improving Taiwan’s regulatory proposals. Additionally, this thesis proposes using the Financing Companies Act to define the regulatory entities and scope, incorporating BNPL into a unified supervisory system to ensure an orderly and sound financing market.
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    (四)政府文書與資源
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    金融監督管理委員會(2015),《信用卡重要業務及財務資訊(資訊揭露)》,載於:https://www.fsc.gov.tw/fckdowndoc?file=/10401%E4%BF%A1%E7%94%A8%E5%8D%A1%E9%87%8D%E8%A6%81%E8%B3%87%E8%A8%8A%E6%8F%AD%E9%9C%B2.pdf&flag=doc。
    金融監督管理委員會(2024),《「消費者與融資公司間爭議可否透過金融消費評議中心進行救濟」等書面報告》,載於:https://ppg.ly.gov.tw/ppg/SittingAttachment/download/2024041217/45806721200710502003.pdf。
    金融監督管理委員會(2024),《金管會提醒民眾使用先買後付(BNPL)服務需留意相關資訊》,載於:https://www.fsc.gov.tw/ch/home.jsp?id=96&parentpath=0,2&mcustomize=news_view.jsp&dataserno=202402070002&dtable=News。
    金融監督管理委員會(2024),《金融機構可向金管會申請試辦「財務評估模型」取代現行辦理無擔保授信業務之月收入評估方式》,載於:https://www.fsc.gov.tw/ch/home.jsp?id=96&parentpath=0,2&mcustomize=news_view.jsp&dataserno=202408080002&dtable=News。
    金融監督管理委員會(2024),《應否制定融資租賃業專法之評估說明》,載於:https://ppg.ly.gov.tw/ppg/SittingAttachment/download/2024041219/20142720050045128002.pdf。
    金融監督管理委員會(2025),《金管會針對先買後付(BNPL)提醒相關事項》,載於:https://www.fsc.gov.tw/ch/home.jsp?id=96&parentpath=0,2&mcustomize=news_view.jsp&dataserno=202501200001&dtable=News
    金融監督管理委員會(2025),《金管會預告5項法規草案,規劃將12家融資租賃公司納入金融消費者保護法適用,強化消費者保障》,載於:https://www.fsc.gov.tw/ch/home.jsp?id=96&parentpath=0,2&mcustomize=news_view.jsp&dataserno=202504220002&dtable=News。
    金融監督管理委員會(2025),《信用卡重要業務及財務資訊(資訊揭露)》,載於:https://www.fsc.gov.tw/userfiles/file/11401%E4%BF%A1%E7%94%A8%E5%8D%A1%E9%87%8D%E8%A6%81%E8%B3%87%E8%A8%8A%E6%8F%AD%E9%9C%B2.pdf。
    金融監督管理委員會(2025/04/22),《金融服務業從事廣告業務招攬及營業促銷活動辦法修正草案總說明》,載於:https://www.fsc.gov.tw/uploaddowndoc?file=news/202504221424361.pdf&filedisplay=%E9%99%84%E4%BB%B6---%E9%87%91%E8%9E%8D%E6%9C%8D%E5%8B%99%E6%A5%AD%E5%BE%9E%E4%BA%8B%E5%BB%A3%E5%91%8A%E6%A5%AD%E5%8B%99%E6%8B%9B%E6%94%AC%E5%8F%8A%E7%87%9F%E6%A5%AD%E4%BF%83%E9%8A%B7%E6%B4%BB%E5%8B%95%E8%BE%A6%E6%B3%95%E4%BF%AE%E6%AD%A3%E8%8D%89%E6%A1%88.pdf&flag=doc。
    金融監督管理委員會(2025/04/22),《金融服務業提供金融商品或服務前說明契約重要內容及揭露風險辦法修正草案總說明》,載於:https://www.fsc.gov.tw/uploaddowndoc?file=news/202504221424362.pdf&filedisplay=%E9%99%84%E4%BB%B6---%E9%87%91%E8%9E%8D%E6%9C%8D%E5%8B%99%E6%A5%AD%E6%8F%90%E4%BE%9B%E9%87%91%E8%9E%8D%E5%95%86%E5%93%81%E6%88%96%E6%9C%8D%E5%8B%99%E5%89%8D%E8%AA%AA%E6%98%8E%E5%A5%91%E7%B4%84%E9%87%8D%E8%A6%81%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9%E5%8F%8A%E6%8F%AD%E9%9C%B2%E9%A2%A8%E9%9A%AA%E8%BE%A6%E6%B3%95%E4%BF%AE%E6%AD%A3%E8%8D%89%E6%A1%88.pdf&flag=doc。
    金融監督管理委員會(2025/04/22),《金融服務業確保金融商品或服務適合金融消費者辦法部分條文修正草案總說明》,載於:https://www.fsc.gov.tw/uploaddowndoc?file=news/202504221425580.pdf&filedisplay=%E9%99%84%E4%BB%B6---%E9%87%91%E8%9E%8D%E6%9C%8D%E5%8B%99%E6%A5%AD%E7%A2%BA%E4%BF%9D%E9%87%91%E8%9E%8D%E5%95%86%E5%93%81%E6%88%96%E6%9C%8D%E5%8B%99%E9%81%A9%E5%90%88%E9%87%91%E8%9E%8D%E6%B6%88%E8%B2%BB%E8%80%85%E8%BE%A6%E6%B3%95%E9%83%A8%E5%88%86%E6%A2%9D%E6%96%87%E4%BF%AE%E6%AD%A3%E8%8D%89%E6%A1%88.pdf&flag=doc。
    金融監督管理委員會(2025/04/22),《金融消費爭議處理機構設立及管理辦法第二十六條之二、第二十九條修正草案總說明》,載於:https://www.fsc.gov.tw/uploaddowndoc?file=news/202504221425581.pdf&filedisplay=%E9%99%84%E4%BB%B6---%E9%87%91%E8%9E%8D%E6%B6%88%E8%B2%BB%E7%88%AD%E8%AD%B0%E8%99%95%E7%90%86%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B%E8%A8%AD%E7%AB%8B%E5%8F%8A%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E8%BE%A6%E6%B3%95%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD%E6%A2%9D%E4%B9%8B%E4%BA%8C%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E4%B9%9D%E6%A2%9D%E4%BF%AE%E6%AD%A3%E8%8D%89%E6%A1%88.pdf&flag=doc。
    國家金融監督管理總局(2021/03/17),《中国银保监会办公厅 中央网信办秘书局 教育部办公厅 公安部办公厅 中国人民银行办公厅关于进一步规范大学生互联网消费贷款监督管理工作的通知》,載於:https://www.cbirc.gov.cn/cn/view/pages/ItemDetail.html?docId=971269&itemId=928&generaltype=0。
    國家通訊傳播委員會(2019/09/19),《新加坡透過資料保護信任標誌認證,提升企業顧客忠誠度》,載於:https://intlfocus.ncc.gov.tw/xcdoc/cont?xsmsid=0J210565885111070723&sid=0J330361671271118497&sq=。
    深圳市地方金融管理局(2021/02/20),《深圳市互联网金融风险专项整治工作领导小组办公室关于发布深圳市P2P网络借贷风险专项整治第十六批自愿退出且声明网贷业务已结清网贷机构名单的通知》,載於:https://jr.sz.gov.cn/sjrb/xxgk/tzgg/content/post_8559674.html。
    經濟研究處(2004/06/14),《經建會委員會通過「融資公司法」草案》,載於:https://ws.ndc.gov.tw/Download.ashx?u=LzAwMS9hZG1pbmlzdHJhdG9yLzEwL3JlbGZpbGUvNjIwMC8xOTI5My8wMDAzODE5LnBkZg%3D%3D&n=57aT5bu65pyD5aeU5ZOh5pyD6K2w6YCa6YGO6J6N6LOH5YWs5Y%2B45rOV6I2J5qGILnBkZg%3D%3D&icon=..pdf。
    監察院(2024),《我國融資租賃公司疑長期缺乏監理 衍生行銷亂象 監察委員賴振昌、王幼玲及蔡崇義申請自動調查》,載於:https://www.cy.gov.tw/News_Content.aspx?n=792&s=30080。
    監察院(2025),《公股銀行以低於民營銀行之利率,大量增加放款予融資租賃公司,成為輿論質疑融資租賃公司利差過大因素之一,監察院糾正財政部,並要求行政院確實評估訂定融資租賃公司專法及指定業務主管機關之可行性》,載於:https://www.cy.gov.tw/News_Content.aspx?n=125&s=32877。
    臺中市政府(2024/02/11),《「無卡分期購物」有三高風險! 中市府法制局籲:消費者應謹慎評估使用》,載於:https://www.taichung.gov.tw/8868/8872/9962/2567237/。
    臺北市政府法制局消保網(2024/01/30),《「先買後付」是什麼?為何未完成付款,系統沒有自動取消訂單?》,載於:https://dlacp.gov.taipei/News_Content.aspx?n=9572812F3B49CFD7&sms=5452BB868182EC0A&s=2114E6AACEB70058。
    衛生福利部疾病管制署(2021),《因應本土疫情持續嚴峻,指揮中心自即日起至5月28日止提升全國疫情警戒至第三級,各地同步加嚴、加大防疫限制,嚴守社區防線》,載於:https://www.cdc.gov.tw/Bulletin/Detail/abDtRS-xzztQeAchjX9fqw?typeid=9。
    (五)研究與專題報告
    中华人民共和国中央人民政府(2014/03/05),《2014年政府工作报告》,載於:https://www.gov.cn/guowuyuan/2014zfgzbg.htm。
    中国人民银行(2014),《中国金融稳定报告(2014)》,載於:http://www.pbc.gov.cn/eportal/fileDir/image_public/UserFiles/goutongjiaoliu/upload/File/中国金融稳定报告2014.pdf。
    中国互联网络信息中心(2024),《互联网助力数字消费发展蓝皮书》,載於:https://www.cnnic.cn/NMediaFile/2024/0708/MAIN1720421339805FUHDWUFD6D.pdf。
    金融監督管理委員會(2023),《「如何改善我國融資公司因缺乏監管所衍生之社會亂象,以穩定金融市場並保障消費者權益」專題報告》,立法院第11屆第1會期財政委員會第 6次全體委員會議,載於:https://ppg.ly.gov.tw/ppg/SittingAttachment/download/2024032911/22054250010042380002.pdf。
    陳秋芬(2024),《先買後付(BNPL)監管法制之探討》,立法院法制局專題研究報告。
    彭文暉(2023),《先買後付服務所涉議題之法制研析》,立法院法制局第10屆議題研析及專題研究,載於:https://www.ly.gov.tw/Pages/ashx/File.ashx?FilePath=~/File/Attach/226401/File_19780050.pdf。
    監察院(2025),《114財調0015號調查報告》,載於:https://cybsbox.cy.gov.tw/CYBSBoxSSL/edoc/download/69310。
    (六)網路資源
    AFTEE先享後付網站,https://aftee.tw/。
    AFTEE服務條款,https://aftee.tw/terms/#terms1。
    BeautyPay美麗支付服務條款,https://www.beautypay.com.tw/TermsPDF/BeautyPay%E6%B6%88%E8%B2%BB%E8%80%85%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E6%A2%9D%E6%AC%BE.pdf。
    BeautyPay美麗支付網站,https://www.beautypay.com.tw/。
    COMMEET Chris(2023/07/27),《BNPL 先買後付與信用卡不同?新興支付的風險與好處?》,COMMEET載於:https://go.commeet.co/blog/%e6%95%b8%e4%bd%8d%e8%bd%89%e5%9e%8b/bnpl/?utm_source=thenewslens&utm_medium=blog&utm_campaign=202203_exchange。
    Experian,《益百利在亞太區推出全球商業信貸匯報服務》,載於:https://www.experianplc.com/newsroom/press-releases/2011/ap-experian-international-business-reports-launch-chinese。
    fasney會員服務條款,https://www.fasney.com/services。
    fasney網站,https://www.fasney.com/。
    Mr. Roo(2024/09/27),《行動支付、第三方支付是什麼?在台灣哪種Pay最通用?》,袋鼠金融,載於:https://roo.cash/blog/cashless-payment-article/#%E5%B8%B8%E8%A6%8B%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E6%96%B9%E6%94%AF%E4%BB%98%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1%EF%BC%9A。
    PChome Online(2022/06/27),《網家金融科技事業邁向嶄新里程 「Pi 拍錢包|慢點付」正式亮相 全台首創!串接BNPL、無卡分期、行動支付 三合一創新型金融服務 結合差異化支付服務.多元廣泛應用場景.P幣點數生態圈 打造創新、便利、符合消費者日常需求的全新支付體驗》,載於:https://corp.pchome.tw/%E7%B6%B2%E5%AE%B6%E9%87%91%E8%9E%8D%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80%E4%BA%8B%E6%A5%AD%E9%82%81%E5%90%91%E5%B6%84%E6%96%B0%E9%87%8C%E7%A8%8B-%E3%80%8Cpi-%E6%8B%8D%E9%8C%A2%E5%8C%85%EF%BD%9C%E6%85%A2%E9%BB%9E/。
    Pi錢包網站,https://www.piapp.com.tw/personal。
    Shopee蝦皮幫助中心網站,https://help.shopee.tw/portal/4。
    Shopee賣家幫助中心網站,https://seller.shopee.tw/edu/home。
    Yahoo奇摩購物中心,《無卡分期輕鬆買流程選單》,載於:https://tw.buy.yahoo.com/activity/activity950?p=all2-00-201015-nocardintro。
    zingala銀角零卡網站,https://www.zingala.com/。
    大哥付你分期用戶服務條款,https://oppay.tw/userRule。
    大哥付網站,https://oppay.tw/。
    中央銀行(2022/01/04),《金融知識小學堂:什麼是先買後付(BNPL)?》,載於:https://www.facebook.com/cbc.gov.tw/posts/pfbid029u2KxAd9gkJy42tF5ZizzuHr3H5Cwpp3RCsH4dyv8SmNCNKDMc4GXunX775XaM25l。
    中国人民银行(2001/12/01),《中国人民银行关于严禁发放无指定用途个人消费贷款的通知》,載於:http://www.pbc.gov.cn/tiaofasi/144941/144959/2818468/index.html。
    中国人民银行(2021/01/06),《2021年中国人民银行工作会议召开》,載於:http://www.pbc.gov.cn/goutongjiaoliu/113456/113469/4159024/index.html。
    中国人民银行,《中国证券业监督管理委员会》,載於:http://www.pbc.gov.cn/jinrongxiangguan/214057/214061/214433/index.html。
    中国人民銀行,《中国人民银行职能》,載於:http://www.pbc.gov.cn/rmyh/105226/105436/index.html。
    中国互联网络信息中心(2024/06/28),《互联网助力数字消费发展蓝皮书》,CNNIC中国互联网络信息中心,載於:https://www.cnnic.cn/n4/2024/0708/c88-11037.html。
    中国消费者协会網站,https://www.cca.org.cn/index。
    中租迪和網站,https://www.chailease.com.tw/enterprise/about/ezfundabout。
    中租控股網站,https://www.chaileaseholding.com/。
    中國信託資融Fula付啦網站,https://www.ctbcfinance.com/Fula/Fula0001。
    中國信託銀行,《逾期還款違約金及金額如何收取?》,載於:https://service.ctbcbank.com/FAQ/Page01?kmid=4635。
    中華民國全民扶助協會(2024/02/01),《正港優先法案!《融資公司法》躺立院16年...融資公司放款千億卻「無法可管」》,載於:https://www.sla.org.tw/news/detail/68。
    中華民國銀行商業同業公會全國聯合會(2025/01/17),《各信用卡發卡機構年費收取方式彙整表》,載於:https://www.ba.org.tw/FileDownload/Download?FileId=ea676a0f-2956-4cae-9674-98fce72569de&FileName=%E5%90%84%E4%BF%A1%E7%94%A8%E5%8D%A1%E7%99%BC%E5%8D%A1%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B%E5%B9%B4%E8%B2%BB%E6%94%B6%E5%8F%96%E6%96%B9%E5%BC%8F%E5%BD%99%E6%95%B4%E8%A1%A8.xlsx&isopendata=True。
    分期乐个人信息保护政策,https://pm.m.fenqile.com/html/protocol/personal_privacy.html。
    乐信網站,https://www.lexin.com/。
    台灣大哥大網站,https://www.myfone.com.tw/mfo/。
    朱翊瑄(2020/6),《零工經濟(Gig Economy)》,資策會科技法律研究所,載於:https://stli.iii.org.tw/article-detail.aspx?no=64&tp=1&d=8471。
    何思湘(2008/05/01),《融資公司法草案》,立法院,載於:https://www.ly.gov.tw/Pages/Detail.aspx?nodeid=6588&pid=83775。
    亞太普惠金融科技網站,https://www.amfc.com.tw/。
    京东科技網站,https://www.jdt.com.cn/。
    京东帮助中心網站,https://help.jd.com/user/issue.html。
    信网(2025/05/30),《网购平台“真名”叫什么?消费者打官司维权“告错了人”》, 載於:https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1833561495209098097&wfr=spider&for=pc。
    星展(2023/03/13),《窮忙-循環利率是什麼?循環利息如何試算?信用卡新手必讀!》,星展(台灣)商業銀行股份有限公司,載於:https://www.dbs.com/livemore/tw-zh/tech/wm067.html。
    恩沛科技(2022/12/26),《2023關鍵字:先買後付Buy Now Pay Later商機前景可期,為消費場景帶來哪些質變與量變?》,天下雜誌,載於:https://www.cw.com.tw/article/5124033。
    財團法人金融消費評議中心(2019/04/30),《什麼是金保法的「一定額度」?》,載於:https://www.foi.org.tw/Article.aspx?Lang=1&Arti=3063&k=&p=2&lid=1839。
    財團法人金融消費評議中心(2023/09/07),《成立宗旨》,載於:https://www.foi.org.tw/Article.aspx?Lang=1&Arti=32。
    財團法人金融消費評議中心(2024/08/09),《使用先買後付 避免過度消費》,載於:https://www.foi.org.tw/Article.aspx?Lang=1&Arti=10555。
    財團法人金融消費評議中心(2025/03/20),《金融服務業一定額度同意書簽具狀況》,https://www.foi.org.tw/Article.aspx?Arti=1845&Lang=1。
    財團法人金融消費評議中心,《收取年費暨服務費基礎問答》,載於:https://www.foi.org.tw/download.ashx?id=1423&lang=1。
    財團法人金融聯合徵信中心,《如何取得信用報告-信用報告的種類及用途》,載於:https://www.jcic.org.tw/main_ch/docDetail.aspx?uid=92&pid=47&docid=54。
    財團法人金融聯合徵信中心,《金融機構查詢信用資訊說明-符合法令規定》,載於:https://www.jcic.org.tw/main_ch/docDetail.aspx?uid=76&pid=74&docid=82。
    財團法人聯合徵信中心,《常見問答》,載於:https://www.jcic.org.tw/main_ch/faq.aspx。
    財團法人金融聯合徵信中心,《會員名錄》,載於:https://www.jcic.org.tw/main_ch/memberList.aspx?uid=42&pid=42。
    財團法人金融聯合徵信中心,《與個人信用評分相關問題-個人信用評分如何改善》,載於:https://www.jcic.org.tw/main_ch/docDetail.aspx?uid=1558&pid=1558&docid=632。
    財團法人金融聯合徵信中心,《與個人信用評分相關問題-個人信用評分組成》,載於:https://www.jcic.org.tw/main_ch/docDetail.aspx?uid=1555&pid=1555&docid=629。
    高敬原(2022/05/20),《Pi拍錢包推出BNPL服務,最高上限五萬元!看PChome的金融科技野心》,數位時代,載於:https://www.bnext.com.tw/article/69335/pi-bnpl。
    高敬原(2022/06/28),《拍錢包「慢點付」進攻BNPL!靠強大會員數、通路留客,能挽救PChome嗎?》,數位時代,載於:https://www.bnext.com.tw/article/70308/pi-pay-bnpl。
    許靜之(2024/11/29),《圖解|金管會輕量沙盒第一案!玉山「AI財務評估模型」解密:免財力證明,放款逾3千萬!》,數位時代,載於:https://www.bnext.com.tw/article/81437/esun-ai-financial-assessment-model。
    陳譽文(2016/06),《新加坡政府推出民眾資料共享平台MyInfo》,資策會科技法律研究所,載於:https://stli.iii.org.tw/article-detail.aspx?no=55&tp=1&d=7267。
    程倚華(2020/10/30),《友銓收購PAZZO後,再買進後支付服務fasney!為何有信心讓用戶先下單再「慢慢還」?》,數位時代,載於:https://www.bnext.com.tw/article/59860/pazzo-online-shop-fasney。
    黃國治、盧其宏(2021/07/29),《減班人數暴增、失業率創10年新高、服務業雪崩式滑落──從數據看疫情對產業衝擊》,報導者,載於:https://www.twreporter.org/a/covid-19-unemployment-and-economic-impacts-statistics。
    廖君雅(2025/02/24),《AFTEE三連霸BNPL龍頭!「雙戶策略」讓今年訂單再飆五成?》,遠見,載於:https://www.gvm.com.tw/article/119443。
    慢點付服務條款,https://www.pay-later.com.tw/Public/MemberCenter/ServiceDocGet。
    慢點付網站,https://www.pay-later.com.tw/。
    樂分期服務條款,https://www.happyfan7.com/service-rules。
    賴偉晏(2021/12/09),《「先買後付BNPL」消費模式崛起,但你真的需要嗎?》,遠見,載於:https://www.gvm.com.tw/article/85048。
    聯合信用卡處理中心(2025/02/26),《以信用卡支付網路購物(EC)之金額及筆數》,載於:https://www.nccc.com.tw/dataDownload/NCCC%20Open%20Data/Location%20EC/NCCC_TWN_EC.CSV。
    鍾元珧、陳溫紫(2024/04/11),《BNPL業者應導入公平待客觀念,以成為行業領先者》,PwC,載於:https://www.pwc.tw/zh/services/legal/point-view/legal-clouds/legal-clouds-2404.html。


    二、英文部分
    (一)書之篇章
    Cornelli, G., Gambacorta, L., & Pancotto, L. (2023, December). Buy now, pay later: a cross-country analysis in BIS Quarterly Review: December 2023 (pp. 61-75). Bank for International Settlements. https://www.bis.org/publ/qtrpdf/r_qt2312.pdf.
    (二)期刊文章
    DeMuth, C. C. (1986). The Case against Credit Card Interest Rate Regulation. Yale Journal on Regulation, 3, 201-242.
    Di Maggio, M., Williams, E., & Katz, J. (2023). Buy Now, Pay Later Credit: User Characteristics and Effects on Spending Patterns. SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4198320 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4198320.
    Guttman-Kenney, B., Firth, C., & Gathergood, J. (2023). Buy now, pay later (BNPL) ...on your credit card. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, 37, 1-7.
    Kontuš, E. (2013). Management of Accounts Receivable in a Company. Ekonomska misao i praksa, 22(1), 21-38.
    Littwin, A. (2008). Beyond Usury: A Study of Credit-Card Use and Preference Among Low-Income Consumers. Texas Law Review, 86, 451-506.
    Peters, A. L., & Powers, D. N. (1985). Functional Regulation: Looking Ahead.Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review, 18, 1075-1098.
    Schooner, H. M. (1998). Regulating Risk not Function. University of Cincinnati Law Review, 66, 441-488.
    Slowik, J. (2012). Credit Card Act II: Expanding Credit Card Reform by Targeting Behavioral Biases. UCLA Law Review, 59(5), 1292-1341.
    Sng, A., & Tan, C. M. (2022). Buy Now Pay Later in Singapore: Regulatory Gaps and Reform. NUS Centre for Banking & Finance Law Working Paper. SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3819058 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3819058.
    Soni, S. (2023). Regulating Buy Now, Pay Later: Consumer Financial Protection in the Era of Fintech. Columbia Law Review, 123(7), 2035-2076.
    Stefano, V. D. (2023). The Rise of the 'Just-in-Time Workforce': On-Demand Work, Crowd Work and Labour Protection in the 'Gig-Economy. Bocconi Legal Studies Research Paper No. 2682602, forthcoming in Comparative Labor Law & Policy Journal. SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2682602 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2682602.
    Waliszewski, K., Solarz M., & Kubiczek, J. (2024). Factors Influencing the Use of Buy Now Pay Later (BNPL) Payments. Contemporary Economics, 18(4), 444-457.
    (三)研討會論文
    Bian, W., Cong, L. W., & Ji, Y. (2023, March). The Rise of E-Wallet Super-Apps and Buy-Now-Pay-Later. Proceedings of EUROFIDAI-ESSEC Paris December Finance Meeting 2023. SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4407023 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4407023.
    (四)學位論文
    Wortmann L., & Lippold, K.-C. (2023). The Buy Now, Pay Later Model of the Fintech Industry in the Commercial Banking Sector. Copenhagen Business School. https://research-api.cbs.dk/ws/portalfiles/portal/98728631/1585349_S150050_S150726_Masterthesis.pdf.
    (五)政府文書與資源
    ASIC (2023, December 4). ASIC and AFCA sign memorandum of understanding. https://asic.gov.au/about-asic/news-centre/news-items/asic-and-afca-sign-memorandum-of-understanding/.
    ASIC (2025, January 17). ASIC alerts buy now pay later providers to apply for a licence under new laws. https://asic.gov.au/about-asic/news-centre/news-items/asic-alerts-buy-now-pay-later-providers-to-apply-for-a-licence-under-new-laws/.
    ASIC (2025, January). Buy now pay later credit contracts: Credit licensing, https://asic.gov.au/regulatory-resources/credit/buy-now-pay-later-credit-contracts-credit-licensing/.
    Australian Competition & Consumer Commission (2021, April. 13). Debt collection guideline for collectors and creditors. https://www.accc.gov.au/about-us/publications/debt-collection-guideline-for-collectors-and-creditors.
    Australian Finance Industry Association (n.d.), Buy Now Pay Later Code¬- BNPL Code Compliance Committee-Member accreditation. Retrieved Oct. 07, 2024, from: https://www.afia.asn.au/bnpl-code.
    Australian Government, The Treasury (2023, May 22). Address to the Responsible Lending & Borrowing Summit. https://ministers.treasury.gov.au/ministers/stephen-jones-2022/speeches/address-responsible-lending-borrowing-summit.
    Australian Government, The Treasury (2024, February 29). Treasury Laws Amendment Bill 2024: Buy now, pay later. https://treasury.gov.au/sites/default/files/2024-03/c2024-504798-ed-bill.pdf.
    Australian Government, The Treasury (2024, June 05). Government introduces consumer protections for Buy Now Pay Later. https://ministers.treasury.gov.au/ministers/stephen-jones-2022/media-releases/government-introduces-consumer-protections-buy-now-pay.
    Australian Government, The Treasury (2024, March 04). National Consumer Credit Protection Amendment (Low Cost Credit) Regulations 2024. https://treasury.gov.au/sites/default/files/2024-03/c2024-504798-ed-regs.pdf.
    Australian Government, The Treasury. (2022, November). Regulating buy now, pay later in Australia. https://treasury.gov.au/sites/default/files/2022-11/c2022-338372-op.pdf.
    Australian Securities and Investments Commission. (n.d.). Comparison rate. Moneysmart. Retrieved Sep. 23, 2024, from https://moneysmart.gov.au/glossary/comparison-rate.
    Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (2022, January 12). Our public inquiry on buy now, pay later. https://www.consumerfinance.gov/about-us/blog/our-public-inquiry-buy-now-pay-later/.
    Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (2022, September 15). CFPB Study Details the Rapid Growth of “Buy Now, Pay Later” Lending. https://www.consumerfinance.gov/about-us/newsroom/cfpb-study-details-the-rapid-growth-of-buy-now-pay-later-lending/.
    Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (2022, September). Buy Now Pay Later: Market trends and consumer impacts. https://files.consumerfinance.gov/f/documents/cfpb_buy-now-pay-later-market-trends-consumer-impacts_report_2022-09.pdf.
    Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (2023, March 02). CFPB Publishes New Findings on Financial Profiles of Buy Now, Pay Later Borrowers. https://www.consumerfinance.gov/about-us/newsroom/cfpb-publishes-new-findings-on-financial-profiles-of-buy-now-pay-later-borrowers/.
    Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (2024, May 22). CFPB Takes Action to Ensure Consumers Can Dispute Charges and Obtain Refunds on Buy Now, Pay Later Loans. https://www.consumerfinance.gov/about-us/newsroom/cfpb-takes-action-to-ensure-consumers-can-dispute-charges-and-obtain-refunds-on-buy-now-pay-later-loans/.
    Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (2024, September 18). Buy Now, Pay Later Product FAQs, What are Buy Now, Pay Later products?. https://www.consumerfinance.gov/compliance/compliance-resources/consumer-cards-resources/buy-now-pay-later-bnpl-products/buy-now-pay-later-product-faqs/.
    Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (2025, January). Consumer Use of Buy Now, Pay Later and Other Unsecured Debt. https://files.consumerfinance.gov/f/documents/cfpb_BNPL_Report_2025_01.pdf.
    Consumer Financial Protection Bureau. (2015, March). Truth in Lending Act (Regulation Z). https://files.consumerfinance.gov/f/201503_cfpb_truth-in-lending-act.pdf.
    Consumer Financial Protection Bureau. (2021, December 16). Consumer Financial Protection Bureau opens inquiry into “Buy Now, Pay Later” credit. https://www.consumerfinance.gov/about-us/newsroom/consumer-financial-protection-bureau-opens-inquiry-into-buy-now-pay-later-credit/.
    Consumer Financial Protection Bureau. (2024, May). Interpretive rule on Buy Now, Pay Later (BNPL) products. https://files.consumerfinance.gov/f/documents/cfpb_bnpl-interpretive-rule_2024-05.pdf.
    Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (2025, May 06). CFPB Announcement Regarding Enforcement Actions Related to Buy Now, Pay Later Loans. https://www.consumerfinance.gov/about-us/newsroom/cfpb-announcement-regarding-enforcement-actions-related-to-buy-now-pay-later-loans/.
    Council of Financial Regulators. (n.d.). Regulatory Framework. Retrieved Mar. 28, 2025, from https://www.cfr.gov.au/financial-institutions/regulatory-framework.html.
    Department of Industry, Science and Resources. (2019, November 7). Australia's artificial intelligence ethics principles. https://www.industry.gov.au/publications/australias-artificial-intelligence-ethics-principles.
    Department of Industry, Science and Resources. (n.d.). Australia’s AI Ethics Principles. Retrieved Aug. 16, 2024, from https://www.industry.gov.au/publications/australias-artificial-intelligence-ethics-principles/australias-ai-ethics-principles.
    Financial Conduct Authority (2018, December). High-cost Credit Review Feedback on CP18/12 with final rules and guidance and consultation on Buy Now Pay Later offers. https://www.fca.org.uk/publication/consultation/cp18-43.pdf.
    Financial Conduct Authority (2018, May). High-cost Credit Review: Consultation on rent-to-own, home-collected credit, catalogue credit and store cards, and alternatives to high-cost credit Discussion on rent-to-own pricing. CP18/12. https://www.fca.org.uk/publication/consultation/cp18-12.pdf.
    Financial Conduct Authority (2019, June). Buy Now Pay Later offers – feedback on CP18/43 and final rules. PS19/17. https://www.fca.org.uk/publication/policy/ps19-17.pdf.
    Financial Conduct Authority (2021, February 2). FCA publishes review into unsecured credit market. https://www.fca.org.uk/news/press-releases/fca-publishes-woolard-review-unsecured-credit-market.
    Financial Conduct Authority (2021, February). FG21/1 Guidance for firms on the fair treatment of vulnerable customers. http://xn--fca-6u4b.org.uk/publication/finalised-guidance/fg21-1.pdf.
    Financial Conduct Authority (2022, August 19). Dear CEO letter Review your financial promotions for Buy Now Pay Later (BNPL) agreements. https://www.fca.org.uk/publication/correspondence/bnpl-dear-ceo-letter-2022.pdf.
    Financial Conduct Authority (2022, February 14). FCA drives changes to Buy Now, Pay Later (BNPL) firms’ contract terms. https://www.fca.org.uk/news/statements/fca-drives-changes-buy-now-pay-later-bnpl-firms-contract-terms.
    Financial Conduct Authority (2022, July). A new Consumer Duty Feedback to CP21/36 and final rules. PS22/9. https://www.fca.org.uk/publication/policy/ps22-9.pdf.
    Financial Conduct Authority (2023, November 23). Making Buy Now Pay Later terms clearer as take-up increases. https://www.fca.org.uk/about/case-study/bnpl-terms-clearer.
    Financial Conduct Authority (2025, March 25). About the FCA. https://www.fca.org.uk/about/what-we-do/the-fca.
    Financial Conduct Authority & Financial Ombudsman Service (2024, November). Memorandum of Understanding between the Financial Conduct Authority (the FCA) and the scheme operator, the Financial Ombudsman Service (The Financial Ombudsman Service). https://www.financial-ombudsman.org.uk/files/324508/Memorandum-of-Understanding-with-FCA-November-2024.pdf.
    Financial Conduct Authority. (2021, February 2). The Woolard Review - A review of change and innovation in the unsecured credit market. https://www.fca.org.uk/publication/corporate/woolard-review-report.pdf.
    HM Treasury (2021, February 2). Letter from Chris Woolard to Economic Secretary. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/government-announces-intention-to-regulate-buy-now-pay-later/letter-from-chris-woolard-to-economic-secretary.
    HM Treasury (2022, December 9). Reform of the Consumer Credit Act: consultation. https://www.gov.uk/government/consultations/reform-of-the-consumer-credit-act-consultation.
    HM Treasury (2022, February 2). Economic Secretary response to Chris Woolard. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/government-announces-intention-to-regulate-buy-now-pay-later/economic-secretary-response-to-chris-woolard.
    HM Treasury (2022, June 20). Regulation of Buy-Now Pay-Later: consultation https://www.gov.uk/government/consultations/regulation-of-buy-now-pay-later-consultation.
    HM Treasury (2022, June). Regulation of Buy-Now Pay-Later Response to consultation. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/62ab50d58fa8f535763df206/BNPL_consultation_response__Formatted_.pdf.
    HM Treasury (2023, February 14). Regulation of Buy-Now Pay-Later: consultation on draft legislation. https://www.gov.uk/government/consultations/regulation-of-buy-now-pay-later-consultation-on-draft-legislation.
    HM Treasury (2024, October 17). Regulation of Buy-Now, Pay-Later: consultation on draft legislation. https://www.gov.uk/government/consultations/regulation-of-buy-now-pay-later-consultation-on-draft-legislation-october-2024.
    HM Treasury (2024, October). Regulation of Buy-Now, Pay-Later Consultation on Draft Legislation. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6710efdb8a62ffa8df77b28c/Regulation_of_BNPL_consultation_2024_-_final_17.10.pdf.
    HM Treasury (2024). Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Regulated Activities etc.) (Amendment) Order 2025. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6710c7d730536cb927483330/BNPL_SI_draft.pdf.
    HM Treasury (2025, May). Regulation of Buy-Now, Pay Later: Government Response to Consultation. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6827536302662c6f8ec243c4/250516_-_BNPL_consultation_response_.pdf.
    HM Treasury & Tulip Siddiq MP (2024, October 17). Millions of shoppers to be protected by new Buy-Now, Pay-Later rules. https://www.gov.uk/government/news/millions-of-shoppers-to-be-protected-by-new-buy-now-pay-later-rules.
    Infocomm Media Development Authority (2024, May 2). Data Protection Trustmark Certification Information Kit. https://www.imda.gov.sg/-/media/imda/files/programme/dptm/dptm-information-kit.pdf.
    Judicial Commission of New South Wales. (n.d.). National Consumer Credit Protection Act 2009 (Cth). Local Court Bench Book. Retrieved Feb. 21, 2025, from https://www.judcom.nsw.gov.au/publications/benchbks/local/national_consumer_credit_protection_act.html.
    Legal Services Commission of South Australia. (n.d.). The strata corporation. Law Handbook of South Australia. Retrieved Oct. 06, 2024, from https://www.lawhandbook.sa.gov.au/ch23s07s01s01.php.
    Monetary Authority of Singapore (2023, June 12). Response to Commentary "Time for Singapore to regulate buy now, pay later schemes" – The Business Times, 6 June 2023. https://www.mas.gov.sg/news/letters-to-editor/2023/response-to-commentary-bnpl-schemes.
    Monetary Authority of Singapore. (2022, May 13). Notice to banks: Unsecured credit facilities to individuals, (MAS Notice 635). https://www.mas.gov.sg/-/media/mas-media-library/regulation/notices/ppd/notice-635/mas-notice-635_for-publish-13-may-2022.pdf.
    Monetary Authority of Singapore. (n.d.). Regulation. Retrieved Mar. 28, 2025, from https://www.mas.gov.sg/regulation.
    Monetary Authority of Singapore. (n.d.). Types of Deposit-Taking Institutions. Retrieved Mar. 28, 2025, from https://www.mas.gov.sg/regulation/banking/types-of-deposit-taking-institutions.
    National Credit Union Administration (2023, January 12.). Truth in Lending Act (Regulation Z), https://ncua.gov/regulation-supervision/manuals-guides/federal-consumer-financial-protection-guide/compliance-management/lending-regulations/truth-lending-act-regulation-z.
    National Debt Helpline. (n.d.). About the National Debt Helpline. Retrieved Aug. 19, 2024, from. https://ndh.org.au/about-national-debt-helpline/.
    Parliament of Australia (n.d.). Treasury Laws Amendment (Responsible Buy Now Pay Later and Other Measures) Bill 2024. Retrieved Feb. 14, 2025, from https://www.aph.gov.au/Parliamentary_Business/Bills_LEGislation/Bills_Search_Results/Result?bId=r7199.
    Reserve Bank of Australia. (n.d.). Regulatory Framework. Retrieved Mar. 28, 2025, from https://www.rba.gov.au/fin-stability/reg-framework/overview.html.
    Service Australia (2022, November 17). Code of Operation. https://www.servicesaustralia.gov.au/code-operation?context=22.
    Singapore Parliamentary (2021, May 10.) Review of Buy Now Pay Later Regulatory Framework. Sitting’s Official Report vol. 95. https://sprs.parl.gov.sg/search/#/sprs3topic?reportid=written-answer-na-9095.
    Sveriges Riksbank (2023, September). Buy now, pay later – a threat to financial stability?. https://www.riksbank.se/globalassets/media/rapporter/staff-memo/webbrapport---pdf-dokument/2023/230905/buy-now-pay-later--a-threat-to-financial-stability.pdf.
    The Parliament of the Commonwealth of Australia. Treasury Laws Amendment (Responsible Buy Now Pay Later and Other Measures) Bill 2024. https://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/download/legislation/bills/r7199_aspassed/toc_pdf/24065b01.pdf;fileType%3Dapplication%2Fpdf.
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    (六) 網路資源
    afterpay. (n.d.). Square + Afterpay | Popular Seller Questions. afterpay. Retrieved Feb. 14, 2025, from https://help.business.afterpay.com/hc/en-au/articles/4708266539289-Square-Afterpay-Popular-Seller-Questions.
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    Australian Finance Industry Association. (2021, March 1). Buy Now Pay Later Code of Practice. https://afiawebsitefiles.blob.core.windows.net/websitecontent/Code_PDFs/BNPL%20Code/BNPL%20Code%20-%20FINAL%20PDF%20-%2012723.pdf.
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    CASE. (n.d.) Corporate Info. Retrieved Jul. 06, 2024, from https://www.case.org.sg/corporate-info/.
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    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    風險管理與保險學系
    111358022
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0111358022
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[風險管理與保險學系] 學位論文

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