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| Title: | COVID-19疫情對菸草消費之影響及其與娛樂休閒活動之關係
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Tobacco Consumption and Its Relationship with Entertainment and Leisure Activities |
| Authors: | 何昱璟
Ho, Yu-Chin |
| Contributors: | 胡偉民
Hu, Wei-Min
何昱璟
Ho, Yu-Chin |
| Keywords: | COVID-19
菸草消費支出
休閒支出
替代效果
DID
COVID-19
Tobacco expenditure
Leisure spending
Substitution effect
DID |
| Date: | 2025 |
| Issue Date: | 2025-07-01 14:09:32 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 本研究旨在探討COVID-19疫情期間，台灣家庭在吸菸行為與休閒娛樂支出之消費關係，特別聚焦於社交活動受限、心理壓力升高等背景下，菸草是否扮演替代性休閒工具角色，並進一步分析疫情對行為結構的影響程度。
研究使用2017年至2023年行政院主計總處「家庭收支調查」資料，透過多元迴歸最小平方法(ordinary least square；OLS)與差異中之差異法（Difference-in-Differences； DID）進行實證分析。結果顯示，疫情爆發後，家庭整體菸草支出呈現顯著下降，反映健康意識提升與外出限制對吸菸行為具有抑制效果。就不同類型休閒支出而言，娛樂文化服務支出與菸草消費呈現顯著負相關，具有「替代效果」；相對地，有線電視、多媒體訂閱與餐飲交際支出則與吸菸呈現穩定正相關，且未因疫情產生顯著調節效果，反映其「互補性」與高度消費慣性。
異質性分析結果顯示，高、低所得家庭在疫情期間之吸菸行為調整並未出現穩定且顯著差異，僅個別年度呈現有限差異，顯示疫情對菸草消費的抑制效果具有普遍性，所得因素之調節作用相對有限。
本研究建議，未來健康政策應聚焦於強化高風險族群（如低所得家庭）之健康行為介入與替代性休閒資源供給，並導入行為經濟學原理以提升政策效果與接受度。研究亦指出，疫情作為重大外生衝擊事件，為理解家庭在壓力情境下成癮性支出與休閒選擇行為提供實證基礎，具政策與學術雙重參考價值。
This study investigates the adjustment of household tobacco consumption and leisure-related expenditures in Taiwan during the COVID-19 pandemic, with a particular focus on whether tobacco served as a substitute leisure activity under circumstances of restricted social interaction and heightened psychological stress. The analysis further examines the extent to which the pandemic influenced household behavioral structures.
Utilizing data from the “Survey of Family Income and Expenditure” conducted by the Directorate-General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics (DGBAS) from 2017 to 2023, this research applies Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression and the Difference-in-Differences (DID) approach for empirical estimation. Results indicate a significant decline in overall household tobacco expenditures following the outbreak, suggesting that increased health awareness and restrictions on public activity had a suppressive effect on smoking behavior. Among different types of leisure spending, cultural and recreational services exhibited a significant negative relationship with tobacco consumption, indicating a substitution effect. In contrast, cable television, multimedia subscriptions, and dining-out expenses remained positively associated with tobacco use, with no notable moderation observed during the pandemic, reflecting their complementary nature and habitual persistence.
Heterogeneity analysis reveals that income-based differences in smoking behavior adjustments during the pandemic were not consistently significant, with only limited divergence observed in certain years. This suggests a generally uniform suppressive effect of the pandemic on tobacco consumption, and a relatively limited moderating role of household income level.
This study recommends that future public health policies focus on targeted behavioral interventions for high-risk groups, such as low-income households, and enhance access to non-addictive leisure alternatives. Incorporating behavioral economics into policy design may further strengthen the effectiveness and sustainability of such interventions. The findings also highlight the pandemic as a critical exogenous shock, offering valuable empirical insight into how households adjust addictive and leisure-related consumption under stress, with implications for both policy and future academic research. |
| Reference: | 一、中文文獻
朱育萱（2014）。景氣循環下的菸品消費分析。碩士論文，國立政治大學財政學系。
林依宣（2018）。台灣家庭社經地位與家庭吸菸狀態關係：趨勢研究，1980—2016。碩士論文，國立台灣大學健康政策與管理研究所。
林煥德（2009）。臺灣吸菸家庭之稅捐負擔與其家庭特徵之研究。碩士論文，國立政治大學財政學系。
游中佑（2023）。以家庭收支調查資料分析2017年提高菸稅對家戶菸草支出的影響。碩士論文，逢甲大學財稅學系。
趙培源（2016）。臺灣香菸消費的決定因素：分量迴歸法。碩士論文，國立政治大學應用經濟與社會發展英語碩士學位學程。
二、英文文獻
Almeda, N., & Gómez-Gómez, I. (2022). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on smoking consumption: A systematic review of longitudinal studies. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 13, 941575.
Bickel, W. K., Johnson, M. W., Koffarnus, M. N., MacKillop, J., & Murphy, J. G. (2014). The behavioral economics of substance use disorders: Reinforcement pathologies and their repair. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 10, 641–677.
Carreras, G., Lugo, A., Stival, C., Amerio, A., Odone, A., & Gallus, S. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on smoking consumption in a large representative sample of Italian adults. Tobacco Control, 30(2), 131–139.
Chen, T. H. (2020). The psychosocial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on changes in smoking behavior: Evidence from a nationwide survey in the UK. Tobacco Prevention & Cessation, 6(October), 59.
Denlinger-Apte, R., Suerken, C. K., Ross, J. C., Reboussin, B. A., Spangler, J., Wagoner, K. G., & Sutfin, E. L. (2022). Decreases in smoking and vaping during COVID-19 stay-at-home orders among a cohort of young adults in the United States. Preventive medicine, 156, 106992.
Kim, D., & Kang, S. (2022). Leisure substitutions and substance use during the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from Korea. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(2), 885.
Perera, K. M. N., Guruge, G. N. D., & Jayawardana, P. L. (2017). Household expenditure on tobacco consumption in a poverty-stricken rural district in Sri Lanka. Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health, 29(2), 140–148.
Phong, K. Thai., Tscharke, B. J., O’Brien, J., Thomas, K. V., & Mueller, J. F. (2023). Increased nicotine consumption in Australia during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic. Nicotine and Tobacco Research, 25(6), 1194–1197.
Public Health Ontario. (2024). Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on young adult tobacco smoking, vaping and mental health. Evidence Brief. Retrieved from Ontario Public Health Library.
Saraçoglu, S., Basar, D., & Öztürk, S. (2024). The impact of tobacco consumption on household catastrophic health expenditure in Türkiye. Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 30(11), 757–763.
Sutherland, R., & Cheng, C. (2021). Substitution of leisure behavior and substance use during COVID-19 restrictions: A survey study in the UK. Addictive Behaviors Reports, 14, 100380.
Wang, H., Sindelar, J. L., & Busch, S. H. (2006). The impact of tobacco expenditure on household consumption patterns in rural China. Social Science & Medicine, 62(6), 1414–1426.
三、電子資料（網路）
衛生福利部國民健康署（n.d.）。歷年「國人吸菸行為調查」。取自：https://www.hpa.gov.tw/Pages/List.aspx?nodeid=1710
OECD. (2024). OECD Health Statistics 2024. Retrieved from https://www.oecd.org/en/data/datasets/oecd-health-statistics.html
衛生福利部疾病管制署（n.d.）。COVID-19 專區。取自：https://covid19.mohw.gov.tw/ch/sp-timeline0-205.html |
| Description: | 碩士
國立政治大學
行政管理碩士學程
112921036 |
| Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0112921036 |
| Data Type: | thesis |
| Appears in Collections: | [行政管理碩士學程(MEPA)] 學位論文
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