Loading...
|
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/156488
|
Title: | 提升遠距員工結果的工作設計特徵:遠距工作強度與知覺組織社會支持的調節效果檢驗 Enhancing Teleworkers Outcomes Through Job Design Characteristics: Examining the Moderating Roles of Telework Intensity and Perceived Organizational Social Support |
Authors: | 洪睿均 Hung, Jui-Chun |
Contributors: | 郭建志 Kuo, Chien-Chih 洪睿均 Hung, Jui-Chun |
Keywords: | 遠距工作 工作自主性 工作相依性 遠距工作強度 知覺組織社會支持 Telework Autonomy Interdependence Telework Intensity Perceived Organizational Social Support |
Date: | 2025 |
Issue Date: | 2025-04-01 12:28:10 (UTC+8) |
Abstract: | COVID-19 疫情造成全球進入全面遠距工作的狀態,讓組織了解到遠距工作帶來的許多好處,因此在疫情結束後,許多組織仍持續採取密集的遠距辦公。與日俱增的遠距工作需求促使越來越多文獻試圖回答「哪些因素能夠造就成功的遠距工作?」,也就是在達成組織結果與目標的同時,成就遠距員工的福祉與個人滿意。本研究選擇「工作自主性」與「工作相依性」兩個尤為重要的工作設計特徵,並且採取將兩者視為前置變項的取徑,以符合現今相對大規模實施遠距工作的趨勢,觀察兩者與成功的遠距工作(工作績效、工作生活平衡)之間的關聯。此外,本研究亦將遠距工作研究中常見的遠距工作強度以調節變項的角色納入研究架構,檢驗其如何改變上述關聯。最後,過去將工作設計特徵納入架構的遠距工作研究經常止步於遠距工作強度與工作設計特徵之間的調節效果對於遠距員工結果的影響,卻鮮少有其他發現供遠距工作管理者作為介入的參考。因此本研究欲探索知覺組織社會支持的調節效果,試圖提供過往文獻缺乏的實務建議。 本研究以兩階段問卷調查法進行,共回收 83 份有效問卷。研究結果顯示遠距員工的工作自主性可顯著預測工作績效與工作生活平衡;工作相依性與工作績效、工作生活平衡之間皆無顯著關聯。遠距工作強度除了正向調節工作相依性與工作生活平衡之間的關聯外,未能調節其他工作設計特徵對於遠距員工結果的效果;知覺組織社會支持除了增強工作自主性對工作績效的正向效果,未能調節其他工作設計特徵對於遠距員工結果的效果。 The COVID-19 pandemic led organizations worldwide to adopt full-scale telework arrangements, and many have continued using extensive telework practices even after the pandemic. With the growing demand for telework, increasing academic attention is being directed toward identifying the factors that foster successful telework—namely, simultaneously achieving organizational goals while promoting employees’ well-being and personal satisfaction. In this study, we focus on two critical work design characteristics, autonomy and interdependence, and consider them as antecedent variables, reflecting current trends of relatively large-scale telework implementations. We then examine their relationships with two key outcomes of successful telework—job performance and work–life balance. In addition, telework intensity is incorporated as a moderator to investigate how it alters these associations. Although past research often addresses the moderating role of telework intensity in shaping the effects of work design characteristics on teleworker outcomes, few additional insights have been offered to inform managerial interventions. Accordingly, this study further explores the moderating effect of perceived organizational social support, aiming to provide more comprehensive practical recommendations for telework management. Using a two-wave survey, we collected 83 valid responses. The results show that autonomy of teleworkers significantly predicts both job performance and work–life balance, whereas interdependence demonstrates no significant relationship with either outcome. Beyond that, telework intensity positively moderates the association between interdependence and work–life balance, yet fails to moderate the effects of other work design characteristics on teleworker outcomes. Finally, perceived organizational social support enhances the positive effect of autonomy on job performance, but does not moderate the other relationships between work design characteristics and teleworker outcomes. |
Reference: | 財團法人台灣網路資訊中心 (2023 年 8 月 29 日)。2023 年台灣網路報告。台灣網路報告官網。https://report.twnic.tw/2023/ 勞動部 (2024 年 1 月 29 日)。112 年勞工生活及就業狀況調查統計結果。勞動部全球資訊網。https://www.mol.gov.tw/1607/1632/1633/66059/ Ayyagari, R., Grover, V., & Purvis, R. (2011). Technostress: Technological antecedents and implications. MIS quarterly, 35(4) 831-858. https://doi.org/10.2307/41409963 Beauregard, T. A., Basile, K. A., & Canónico, E. (2019). Telework: Outcomes and facilitators for employees. The Cambridge Handbook of Technology and Employee Behavior, 511-543. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108649636.020 Bélanger, F., Watson-Manheim, M. B., & Swan, B. R. (2013). A multi-level socio-technical systems telecommuting framework. Behaviour & Information Technology, 32(12), 1257-1279. https://doi.org/10.1080/0144929X.2012.705894 Bentley, T. A., Teo, S. T., McLeod, L., Tan, F., Bosua, R., & Gloet, M. (2016). The role of organisational support in teleworker wellbeing: A socio-technical systems approach. Applied ergonomics, 52, 207-215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2015.07.019 Berman, S. L., Down, J., & Hill, C. W. (2002). Tacit knowledge as a source of competitive advantage in the National Basketball Association. Academy of Management Journal, 45(1), 13-31. https://doi.org/10.2307/3069282 Bhanthumnavin, D. (2000). Importance of supervisory social support and its implications for HRD in Thailand. Psychology and Developing Societies, 12(2), 155-166. https://doi.org/10.1177/097133360001200203 Bhanthumnavin, D. (2003). Perceived social support from supervisor and group members' psychological and situational characteristics as predictors of subordinate performance in Thai work units. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 14(1), 79-97. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrdq.1051 Boell, S. K., Cecez‐Kecmanovic, D., & Campbell, J. (2016). Telework paradoxes and practices: The importance of the nature of work. New Technology, Work and Employment, 31(2), 114-131. https://doi.org/10.1111/ntwe.12063 Bruce, K. (2006). Henry S. Dennison, Elton Mayo, and human relations historiography. Management & Organizational History, 1(2), 177-199. https://doi.org/10.1177/1744935906064095 Campion, M. A. (1988). Interdisciplinary approaches to job design: A constructive replication with extensions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 73(3), 467-481. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.73.3.467 Campion, M. A., & McClelland, C. L. (1993). Follow-up and extension of the interdisciplinary costs and benefits of enlarged jobs. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78(3), 339-351. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.78.3.339 Cheng, J., Sun, X., Zhong, Y., & Li, K. (2023). Flexible work arrangements and employees’ knowledge sharing in post-pandemic era: The roles of workplace loneliness and task interdependence. Behavioral Sciences, 13(2), 168. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13020168 Cheng, Y., Luh, W. M., & Guo, Y. L. (2003). Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Job Content Questionnaire in Taiwanese workers. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 10(1), 15-30. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327558IJBM1001_02 Collins, A. M., Hislop, D., & Cartwright, S. (2016). Social support in the workplace between teleworkers, office‐based colleagues and supervisors. New Technology, Work and Employment, 31(2), 161-175. https://doi.org/10.1111/ntwe.12065 Daft, R. L., & Lengel, R. H. (1986). Organizational information requirements, media richness and structural design. Management science, 32(5), 554-571. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.32.5.554 DuBrin, A. J. (1991). Comparison of the job satisfaction and productivity of telecommuters versus in-house employees: a research note on work in progress. Psychological Reports, 68, 1223–1234. https://doi.org/10.2466/PR0.68.4.1223-1234 El Hajal, G. (2022). Teleworking and the jobs of tomorrow. Research in Hospitality Management, 12(1), 21-27. https://doi.org/10.1080/22243534.2022.2080953 Erro-Garcés, A., Urien, B., Čyras, G., & Janušauskienė, V. M. (2022). Telework in Baltic countries during the pandemic: effects on wellbeing, job satisfaction, and work-life balance. Sustainability, 14(10), 5778. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14105778 Fenlason, K. J., & Beehr, T. A. (1994). Social support and occupational stress: Effects of talking to others. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 15(2), 157-175. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.4030150205 Fonner, K. L., & Roloff, M. E. (2012). Testing the connectivity paradox: Linking teleworkers' communication media use to social presence, stress from interruptions, and organizational identification. Communication Monographs, 79(2), 205-231. https://doi.org/10.1080/03637751.2012.673000 Frone, M. R. (2003). Work-family balance. Handbook of occupational health psychology, 143-162. https://doi.org/10.1037/10474-007 Fuchs, C., & Reichel, A. (2023). Effective communication for relational coordination in remote work: How job characteristics and HR practices shape user–technology interactions. Human Resource Management, 62(4), 511-528. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.22161 Gajendran, R. S., & Harrison, D. A. (2007). The good, the bad, and the unknown about telecommuting: meta-analysis of psychological mediators and individual consequences. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92(6), 1524-1541. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.92.6.1524 Galanti, T., Guidetti, G., Mazzei, E., Zappalà, S., & Toscano, F. (2021). Work from home during the COVID-19 outbreak: The impact on employees’ remote work productivity, engagement, and stress. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 63(7), 426-432. https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000002236 Ganesh, M. P., & Gupta, M. (2010). Impact of virtualness and task interdependence on extra‐role performance in software development teams. Team Performance Management: An International Journal, 16(3/4), 169-186. https://doi.org/10.1108/13527591011053250 Garg, S., Srivastava, A., Glencross, M., & Sharma, O. (2022). A study of the effects of network latency on visual task performance in video conferencing. CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems Extended Abstracts, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1145/3491101.3519678 Gohoungodji, P., N’Dri, A. B., & Matos, A. L. B. (2023). What makes telework work? Evidence of success factors across two decades of empirical research: A systematic and critical review. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 34(3), 605-649. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2022.2112259 Golden, T. D., & Gajendran, R. S. (2019). Unpacking the role of a telecommuter’s job in their performance: Examining job complexity, problem solving, interdependence, and social support. Journal of Business and Psychology, 34(1), 55-69. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-018-9530-4 Golden, T. D., & Raghuram, S. (2010). Teleworker knowledge sharing and the role of altered relational and technological interactions. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 31(8), 1061-1085. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.652 Golden, T. D., & Veiga, J. F. (2005). The impact of extent of telecommuting on job satisfaction: Resolving inconsistent findings. Journal of Management, 31(2), 301-318. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206304271768 Golden, T. D., Veiga, J. F., & Dino, R. N. (2008). The impact of professional isolation on teleworker job performance and turnover intentions: does time spent teleworking, interacting face-to-face, or having access to communication-enhancing technology matter?. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(6), 1412-1421. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0012722 Golden, T. D., Veiga, J. F., & Simsek, Z. (2006). Telecommuting's differential impact on work-family conflict: Is there no place like home?. Journal of Applied Psychology, 91(6), 1340-1350. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.91.6.1340 Grayson, D. M., & Monk, A. F. (2003). Are you looking at me? Eye contact and desktop video conferencing. ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI), 10(3), 221-243. https://doi.org/10.1145/937549.937552 Greer, T. W., & Payne, S. C. (2014). Overcoming telework challenges: Outcomes of successful telework strategies. The Psychologist-Manager Journal, 17(2), 87-111. https://doi.org/10.1037/mgr0000014 Hackman, J. R., & Lawler, E. E. (1971). Employee reactions to job characteristics. Journal of Applied Psychology, 55(3), 259-286. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0031152 Hackman, J. R., & Oldham, G. R. (1975). Development of the job diagnostic survey. Journal of Applied psychology, 60(2), 159-170. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0076546 Hayman, J. (2005). Psychometric assessment of an instrument designed to measure work life balance. Research and practice in human resource management, 13(1), 85-91. https://doi.org/10.56687/9781529213829-024 Hertel, G., Konradt, U., & Orlikowski, B. (2004). Managing distance by interdependence: Goal setting, task interdependence, and team-based rewards in virtual teams. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 13(1), 1-28. https://doi.org/10.1080/13594320344000228 Herzberg, F. I., Mausner, B., & Snyderman, B. (1959). The motivation to work (2nd ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons. House, J. S. (1983). Work stress and social support. Addison-Wesley series on occupational stress. Humphrey, S. E., Nahrgang, J. D., & Morgeson, F. P. (2007). Integrating motivational, social, and contextual work design features: a meta-analytic summary and theoretical extension of the work design literature. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92(5), 1332-1356. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.92.5.1332 Igbaria, M., & Guimaraes, T. (1999). Exploring differences in employee turnover intentions and its determinants among telecommuters and non-telecommuters. Journal of Management Information Systems, 16(1) 147–164. https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.1999.11518237 Kahn, W. A. (1990). Psychological conditions of personal engagement and disengagement at work. Academy of management journal, 33(4), 692-724. https://doi.org/10.2307/256287 Kaiser, H. F. (1960). The application of electronic computers to factor analysis. Educational and psychological measurement, 20(1), 141-151. https://doi.org/10.1177/001316446002000116 Karasek, R. A., Triantis, K. P., & Chaudhry, S. S. (1982). Coworker and supervisor support as moderators of associations between task characteristics and mental strain. Journal of Occupational Behaviour, 3(2), 181-200. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.4030030205 Kiggundu, M. N. (1983). Task interdependence and job design: Test of a theory. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 31(2), 145-172. https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-5073(83)90118-6 Kossek, E. E., Lautsch, B. A., & Eaton, S. C. (2009). Good teleworking”: Under what conditions does teleworking enhance employees’ well-being. Technology and Psychological Well-Being, 148-173. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511635373.007 Kossek, E. E., Thompson, R. J., & Lautsch, B. A. (2015). Balanced workplace flexibility: Avoiding the traps. California Management Review, 57(4), 5-25. https://doi.org/10.1525/cmr.2015.57.4.5 Lawler, E., Cammann, C., Nadler, D., & Jenkins, D. (1979). Michigan organizational assessment questionnaire. Journal of Vocational Behavior. Liu, Y., & Aungsuroch, Y. (2019). Work stress, perceived social support, self‐efficacy and burnout among Chinese registered nurses. Journal of Nursing Management, 27(7), 1445-1453. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12828 Lunde, L. K., Fløvik, L., Christensen, J. O., Johannessen, H. A., Finne, L. B., Jørgensen, I. L., Mohr, B., & Vleeshouwers, J. (2022). Correction: The relationship between telework from home and employee health: a systematic review. BMC public health, 22(1), 935. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-13334-2 Messenger, J. C., & Gschwind, L. (2016). Three generations of Telework: New ICT s and the (R) evolution from Home Office to Virtual Office. New Technology, Work and Employment, 31(3), 195-208. https://doi.org/10.1111/ntwe.12073 Michaud, D. C., & Conceição, S. C. (2023). Telecommuters working remotely in interdependent virtual teams: The lines between work and home. New Horizons in Adult Education and Human Resource Development, 35(1), 32-45. https://doi.org/10.1177/19394225231171578 Mithas, S., & Whitaker, J. (2007). Is the world flat or spiky? Information intensity, skills, and global service disaggregation. Information Systems Research, 18(3), 237-259. https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.1070.0131 Mohammadi, M., Rahimi, E., Davatgari, A., Javadinasr, M., Mohammadian, A., Bhagat-Conway, M. W., Salon, D., Derrible S., Pendyala R. M., & Khoeini, S. (2023). Examining the persistence of telecommuting after the COVID-19 pandemic. Transportation Letters, 15(6), 608-621. https://doi.org/10.1080/19427867.2022.2077582 Morganson, V. J., Major, D. A., Oborn, K. L., Verive, J. M., & Heelan, M. P. (2010). Comparing telework locations and traditional work arrangements: Differences in work‐life balance support, job satisfaction, and inclusion. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 25(6), 578-595. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683941011056941 Morgeson, F. P., & Humphrey, S. E. (2006). The Work Design Questionnaire (WDQ): developing and validating a comprehensive measure for assessing job design and the nature of work. Journal of Applied Psychology, 91(6), 1321-1339. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.91.6.1321 Morgeson, F. P., & Humphrey, S. E. (2008). Job and team design: Toward a more integrative conceptualization of work design. Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management, 27, 39-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0742-7301(08)27002-7 Murray, S. R., & Peyrefitte, J. (2007). Knowledge type and communication media choice in the knowledge transfer process. Journal of Managerial Issues, 19(1), 111-133. https://doi.org/10.1108/13673270910962914 Nagar, K., & Rana, S. (2024). Harmony in the Digital Realm: Exploring Techno-inclusion and Techno-privacy as Catalysts for Work Life Balance Amidst Technostress. Northern Economic Review, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.14254/1795-6889.2023.19-1.4 Neirotti, P., Raguseo, E., & Gastaldi, L. (2019). Designing flexible work practices for job satisfaction: the relation between job characteristics and work disaggregation in different types of work arrangements. New technology, Work and Employment, 34(2), 116-138. https://doi.org/10.1111/ntwe.12141 Otsuka, S., Ishimaru, T., Nagata, M., Tateishi, S., Eguchi, H., Tsuji, M., Ogami, A., Matsuda, S., & Fujino, Y. (2021). A cross-sectional study of the mismatch between telecommuting preference and frequency associated with psychological distress among Japanese workers in the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 63(9), 636-640. https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000002318 Parker, S. K., Knight, C., & Keller, A. (2020). Remote managers are having trust issues. Harvard Business Review, 30, 6-20. Parker, S. K., Wall, T. D., & Cordery, J. L. (2001). Future work design research and practice: Towards an elaborated model of work design. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 74(4), 413-440. https://doi.org/10.1348/096317901167460 Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J. Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: a critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879-903. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.879 Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Paine, J. B., & Bachrach, D. G. (2000). Organizational citizenship behaviors: A critical review of the theoretical and empirical literature and suggestions for future research. Journal of Management, 26(3), 513-563. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920630002600307 Pulido-Martos, M., Cortés-Denia, D., & Lopez-Zafra, E. (2021). Teleworking in times of COVID-19: Effects on the acquisition of personal resources. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 685275. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.685275 Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2018). Essentials of organizational behavior. Pearson. Roethlisberger, F. J. (1941). The Hawthorne experiments. Classics of Organization Theory, 6, 158-166. https://doi.org/10.4159/harvard.9780674420564.c27 Rose, C. L., Murphy, L. B., Byard, L., & Nikzad, K. (2002). The role of the Big Five personality factors in vigilance performance and workload. European Journal of personality, 16(3), 185-200. https://doi.org/10.1002/per.451 Saavedra, R., Earley, P. C., & Van Dyne, L. (1993). Complex interdependence in task-performing groups. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78(1), 61-72. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.78.1.61 Sachau, D. A. (2007). Resurrecting the motivation-hygiene theory: Herzberg and the positive psychology movement. Human Resource Development Review, 6(4), 377-393. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534484307307546 Sewell, G., & Taskin, L. (2015). Out of sight, out of mind in a new world of work? Autonomy, control, and spatiotemporal scaling in telework. Organization Studies, 36(11), 1507-1529. https://doi.org/10.1177/0170840615593587 Sias, P. M. (2008). Organizing relationships: Traditional and emerging perspectives on workplace relationships. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Singh, B., Shaffer, M. A., & Selvarajan, T. T. (2018). Antecedents of organizational and community embeddedness: The roles of support, psychological safety, and need to belong. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 39(3), 339-354. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2223 Sostero, M., Milasi, S., Hurley, J., Fernandez-Macías, E., & Bisello, M. (2023). Teleworkability and the COVID-19 crisis: a new digital divide? IZA Journal of Labor Policy, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.2478/izajolp-2023-0006 Suh, A., & Lee, J. (2017). Understanding teleworkers’ technostress and its influence on job satisfaction. Internet Research, 27(1), 140-159. https://doi.org/10.1108/IntR-06-2015-0181 Sytch, M., & Greer, L. L. (2020). Is your organization ready for permanent WFH. Harvard Business Review, 18. Taber, T. D., & Taylor, E. (1990). A Review and Evaluation of the Psychometric Properties of the Job Diagnostic Survey. Personnel Psychology, 43(3), 467–500. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1990.tb02393.x Tarafdar, M., Tu, Q., Ragu-Nathan, T. S., & Ragu-Nathan, B. S. (2011). Crossing to the dark side: examining creators, outcomes, and inhibitors of technostress. Communications of the ACM, 54(9), 113-120. https://doi.org/10.1145/1995376.1995403 Taylor, F. W. (1911). The Principles of Scientific Management. NuVision Publications, LLC. Uddin, M., Ali, K. B., & Khan, M. A. (2020). Perceived social support (PSS) and work-life balance (WLB) in a developing country: The moderating impact of work-life policy. Interdisciplinary Journal of Management Studies, 13(4), 733-761. https://doi.org/10.22059/ijms.2020.282543.673663 Urien, B. (2023). Teleworkability, preferences for telework, and well-being: a systematic review. Sustainability, 15(13), 10631. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151310631 Vander Elst, T., Verhoogen, R., Sercu, M., Van den Broeck, A., Baillien, E., & Godderis, L. (2017). Not extent of telecommuting, but job characteristics as proximal predictors of work-related well-being. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 59(10), 180-186. https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000001132 Virick, M., DaSilva, N., & Arrington, K. (2010). Moderators of the curvilinear relation between extent of telecommuting and job and life satisfaction: the role of performance outcome orientation and worker type. Human Relations, 63(1), 137–154. https://doi.org/10.1177/0018726709349198 Wahl, I., Wolfgruber, D., & Einwiller, S. (2024). Mitigating teleworkers' perceived technological complexity and work strains through supportive team communication. Corporate Communications: An International Journal, 29(3), 329-345. https://doi.org/10.1108/CCIJ-05-2023-0061 Wang, B., Liu, Y., Qian, J., & Parker, S. K. (2021). Achieving effective remote working during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A work design perspective. Applied psychology, 70(1), 16-59. https://doi.org/10.1111/apps.12290 Wang, H., Xiao, Y., Wang, H., Zhang, H., & Chen, X. (2023). “Who Knows Me Understands My Needs”: The effect of home-based telework on work engagement. Psychology Research and Behavior Management,16, 619-635. https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S402159 Wanous, J. P., & Lawler, E. E. (1972). Measurement and meaning of job satisfaction. Journal of Applied Psychology, 56(2), 95-105. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0032664 Weber, C., Golding, S. E., Yarker, J., Lewis, R., Ratcliffe, E., Munir, F., Wheele, T. P., Häne, E., & Windlinger, L. (2022). Future teleworking inclinations post-COVID-19: Examining the role of teleworking conditions and perceived productivity. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 863197. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.863197 Wepfer, A. G., Allen, T. D., Brauchli, R., Jenny, G. J., & Bauer, G. F. (2018). Work-life boundaries and well-being: does work-to-life integration impair well-being through lack of recovery?. Journal of Business and Psychology, 33, 727-740. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-017-9520-y Williams, L. J., & Anderson, S. E. (1991). Job satisfaction and organizational commitment as predictors of organizational citizenship and in-role behaviors. Journal of Management, 17(3), 601-617. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700305 Xu, D., Zhang, N., Bu, X., & He, J. (2022). The effect of perceived organizational support on the work engagement of Chinese nurses during the COVID-19: the mediating role of psychological safety. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 27(2), 481-487. https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2021.1946107 |
Description: | 碩士 國立政治大學 心理學系 110752018 |
Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0110752018 |
Data Type: | thesis |
Appears in Collections: | [心理學系] 學位論文
|
Files in This Item:
File |
Description |
Size | Format | |
201801.pdf | | 1807Kb | Adobe PDF | 0 | View/Open |
|
All items in 政大典藏 are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved.
|