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| Title: | 數位平台對公民參與的影響
The Impact of Digital Platforms on Civic Participation |
| Authors: | 陳韻如
Chen, Yun-Ju |
| Contributors: | 鄭力軒
Cheng, Li-Hsuan
陳韻如
Chen, Yun-Ju |
| Keywords: | 公民參與
數位平台
雙重穩健估計
Civic participation
Digital platforms
Doubly robust estimation |
| Date: | 2024 |
| Issue Date: | 2025-03-03 14:41:48 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 本研究聚焦探討使用數位平台對台灣民眾公民參與的影響。公民參與作為民主體制運作的核心要素之一，不僅關乎政治合法性，也與民眾的主觀福祉相關。在數位時代，傳播科技嵌入人們的資訊交流與公共參與的日常，相關的研究也不勝枚舉。然而，卻甚少有研究比較不同數位平台對公民參與的影響。本研究採用2022年台灣傳播調查資料，以雙重穩健估計模型進行分析，檢視台灣使用最廣泛的數位平台（如Facebook、Instagram、YouTube、LINE）以及中國開發營運的平台對公民參與的差異化影響。
過去相關的研究聚焦於廣泛網路使用或是特定數位平台，大致可分為樂觀論、悲觀論及懷疑論。樂觀論者認為網路促進資訊流通，降低溝通成本，能有效提升公民參與；悲觀論者則指出網路可能取代實體社交與公共活動的時間，甚至因為資訊超載或錯假訊息而削弱參與意願；懷疑論者則強調網路使用的效果受限於社會結構，並不顯著影響公民參與。本研究立基於這些研究之上，但指出過去文獻未能區分多元的上網活動，也未重視數位平台之間的技術差異。例如，Facebook強調文字資訊的交流與人際網絡的連結，Instagram則以影音展示為主，YouTube依賴推薦演算法推送內容，而LINE則主要用於私密的一對一或群組交流。這些特性可能導致不同平台對公民參與的效果有所差異。此外，威權國家如中國利用數位平台擴張影響力的現象，也成為當前社會的重要課題。
本研究提出若干假設，探討數位平台使用對台灣民眾線上與線下公民參與的效果，並細緻區分不同平台的特性。而研究結果表明，數位平台對公民參與的影響並不統一，而是受到平台技術特性以及在地使用脈絡共同塑造。FB曾是台灣重大社會運動中的要角，其使用與台灣民眾的公民參與大致呈現正向關係。台灣的政論節目多在YT播放且政治人物熱愛YT直播，可能造成了使用YT者有較高的公民參與。IG的使用程度與其效果呈現非線性的關係，重度使用IG所產生的負面影響值得社會關注。而LINE則因多數台灣使用者僅在熟人間進行交流，且普遍避免政治討論，故其使用對於公民參與並無顯著效果。而由中國公司開發營運的數位平台，則對本研究關注的變項具有負面影響。
本研究受限於感興趣之重要變項，使用了單波次橫斷面的資料，除了對建立統計上的因果關係帶來挑戰之外，也有資料收集期間、資料測量方式等主要限制。未來進行傳播資料收集時，建議可考慮進行長期追蹤調查，同時針對有重大社會影響力之威權國家數位平台，發展更全面的測量方式。而本研究採用反事實分析框架，實驗組與控制組之設定對分析影響甚大，未來研究亦可考量採用不同之分組方式深入探討數位平台對當代社會的影響。當今社會脈動高度與數位平台發展相連，除了學界應多加探討相關主題外，政策制定者亦應參考實證研究，對數位是解的挑戰構思更妥善有效的因應之道。
This study explores the impact of digital platforms on civic participation among Taiwanese citizens. As digital technologies increasingly embed themselves in everyday communication and public life, much research has focused on the internet’s role in enabling or hindering participation. However, limited attention has been given to the comparative effects of different digital platforms. Drawing on data from the 2022 Taiwan Communication Survey, this study employs a doubly robust estimation model to analyze the effects of popular platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, LINE, and Chinese-developed digital platforms on various forms of civic participation.
While previous research has generally categorized the internet's impact on civic participation into optimistic, pessimistic, and skeptical perspectives, this study moves beyond such frameworks to emphasize the technical differences between platforms. Facebook facilitates information exchange and social networks, Instagram prioritizes visual content, YouTube relies on recommendation algorithms, and LINE serves as a private communication tool. These unique features likely produce distinct impacts on civic behavior. Moreover, platforms developed and regulated by authoritarian states, such as China, introduce further complexities, particularly regarding potential risks of influence operations.
The findings reveal that the effects of digital platforms on civic participation are neither uniform nor linear. Facebook has played a prominent role in Taiwan’s social movements, positively correlating with civic participation. YouTube, widely used for political discussions and live-streaming by politicians, also demonstrates a potential to enhance civic participation. In contrast, Instagram exhibits a non-linear relationship, where excessive use may lead to negative outcomes due to its focus on self-presentation. LINE, as a platform predominantly used for private communication, shows negligible effects on participation, as users often avoid political discussions to maintain social harmony. Chinese digital platforms, under heavy state regulation, exhibit a detrimental impact, raising concerns about information manipulation.
This study acknowledges limitations, including its reliance on cross-sectional data, which complicates causal inference, and potential biases arising from the survey period and measurement. Future research could benefit from longitudinal designs to capture dynamic effects over time and more granular measures of platform-specific behaviors. Additionally, attention should be given to the growing influence of authoritarian state-regulated platforms and their broader implications for democratic societies.
In an era where digital platforms significantly shape civic life, this study underscores the need for academia to deepen its inquiry into platform-specific impacts. Policymakers are urged to consider empirical insights when addressing the challenges posed by digital technologies, devising strategic responses to ensure the healthy development of civic participation in the digital age. |
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| Description: | 碩士
國立政治大學
社會學系
111254009 |
| Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0111254009 |
| Data Type: | thesis |
| Appears in Collections: | [社會學系] 學位論文
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