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| Title: | 國際法院與國際海洋法法庭臨時措施之研究
A Study on Provisional Measures of the International Court of Justice and the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea |
| Authors: | 劉芃原
Liu, Peng-Yuan |
| Contributors: | 陳貞如
Chen, Chen-Ju
劉芃原
Liu, Peng-Yuan |
| Keywords: | 臨時措施
固有權力
遵守
國際法院
國際海洋法法庭
Provisional Measures
Inherent Powers
Compliance
International Court of Justice
International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea |
| Date: | 2025 |
| Issue Date: | 2025-03-03 13:41:22 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 國際法院（ICJ）以及國際海洋法法庭（ITLOS）成立後，業已下達大量之臨時措施，惟無論《國際法院規約》、《聯合國海洋法公約》抑或此二法院程序文件中，幾乎皆無提及臨時措施之構成要件，導致國際法院與國際海洋法法庭於審理是否下達臨時措施命令之時，需自行形塑相關要件。就目前法院實務而言，臨時措施之程序要件係有「初步管轄權」（prima facie jurisdiction），惟有關「初步可受理性」（prima facie admissibility）之要件卻較少著墨；又實體要件則有「存在權利聯繫」（link）、「權利合理性」（plausibility）、「不可彌補之損害」（irreparable prejudice）以及「緊急性」（urgency）。無論是程序要件或實體要件，各要件皆存有爭議以及不明確之處，故本文擬梳理此二法院之實務以及相關學說探討，藉以釐清各要件形成之理論脈絡與爭點。此外，本文亦探討臨時措施之性質、臨時措施之拘束力以及臨時措施之變更、撤銷與終止。最後，本文於統整近期國際法院與國際海洋法法庭之臨時措施命令後，分析各當事國遵守臨時措施之狀況，並嘗試從中探求背後原因。
Since their establishment, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) and the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS) have rendered a substantial number of provisional measures. Yet, neither the Statute of the International Court of Justice, the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), nor the procedural instruments of these tribunals explicitly delineate the constitutive elements required for issuing such measures. As a result, both the ICJ and ITLOS have been compelled to articulate and refine these requirements through their jurisprudence.
Under the prevailing practices of these courts, the procedural prerequisite for provisional measures is prima facie jurisdiction, while the criterion of prima facie admissibility remains less developed. On the substantive side, the essential elements encompass the existence of a legal connection between the requested measures and the underlying rights (link), the plausibility of the asserted rights (plausibility), the risk of irreparable harm (irreparable prejudice), and the urgency of the situation (urgency). Despite these established categories, controversies and ambiguities persist regarding their interpretation and application.
This thesis endeavors to systematically examine the jurisprudence of these two tribunals alongside relevant scholarly discourse to unravel the theoretical foundations and contentious issues surrounding these requirements. Furthermore, it probes the intrinsic nature of provisional measures, their binding effect, and the conditions for their modification, revocation, or termination. Finally, by synthesizing recent orders from the ICJ and ITLOS, this study evaluates the extent of compliance by the parties and seeks to uncover the underlying motivations shaping their adherence—or lack thereof—to these judicial directives. |
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（四）網路資料
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EDWARDS, CHRISTIAN, WHY HAVE THERE BEEN CLASHES OVER CONTROL OF NAGORNO-KARABAKH?, CNN NEWS, AVAILABLE AT: <HTTPS://EDITION.CNN.COM/2023/09/20/ASIA/AZERBAIJAN-ARMENIA-NAGORNO-KARABAKH-EXPLAINER-INTL/INDEX.HTML> (LAST VISITED ON APR. 16, 2024).
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KNELL, YOLANDE, HAMAS ATTACK SHOCKS ISRAEL, BUT WHAT COMES NEXT?, BBC NEWS, AVAILABLE AT: <HTTPS://WWW.BBC.COM/NEWS/WORLD-MIDDLE-EAST-67043563> (LAST VISITED ON APR. 16, 2024)
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（五）國際組職與學會出版物
THE AMERICAN LAW INSTITUTE, RESTATEMENT OF THE LAW THIRD, RESTATEMENT OF THE LAW OF THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES VOL. II (1987).
UNITED NATIONS, YEARBOOK OF THE INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE 2001-2002 (2004).
（六）國際公約
1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, 1833 U.N.T.S. 397, 21 ILM 1261 (1982).
Charter of the United Nations, October 24, 1945, 1 U.N.T.S. XVI.
Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, 78 U.N.T.S. 277.
Statute of the International Court of Justice, June 26, 1945, 1155 U.N.T.S. 331.
Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, May 23, 1969, 1155 U.N.T.S. 331. |
| Description: | 碩士
國立政治大學
法律學系
110651016 |
| Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0110651016 |
| Data Type: | thesis |
| Appears in Collections: | [法律學系] 學位論文
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