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Title: | 「司法擴權」導致政治衰敗或民主深化?——以臺灣同婚釋憲為例 “Judicial Expansion” Leads to Political Decay or Democratic Deepening? The Case of Legalization of Same-sex Marriage in Taiwan |
Authors: | 楊若琪 Yang, Ruo-Chi |
Contributors: | 魏玫娟 楊若琪 Yang, Ruo-Chi |
Keywords: | 司法擴權 政治衰敗 同婚釋憲 法治 人權發展 民主 Judicial expansion Political decay Same-sex marriage Rule of law Human rights development Democracy |
Date: | 2024 |
Issue Date: | 2025-01-02 12:14:39 (UTC+8) |
Abstract: | 臺灣於2019年5月24日正式施行《釋字第748號解釋施行法》,成為亞洲第一個落實同志婚姻平權的國家,於人權發展而言無疑是重要成就。惟在推動婚姻平權過程中,面臨社會保守勢力與傳統價值信仰者的反對,最終促使政策改變者並非經由國會民意代表的提案,行政部門也顯未扮演積極角色、發揮整合相關資訊平臺的效果,無法提出經審議的修正提議,而是同志權益運動者祁家威委任臺灣伴侶權益推動聯盟的律師上訴至最高行政法院,取得釋憲資格,最終透過違憲審查而改變法律規定。福山(Francis Fukuyama)以政治制度(institutions)的發展為核心探討政治發展議題,強調國家(the state)、法治(rule of law)、可問責性(political accountability)三項制度的重要性,並以美國民權運動中司法擴權的現象為例,指出美國重大公共政策的改變並非由民選國會議員發動、而是民間團體藉由控告政府達成;Fukuyama稱此現象為「政治衰敗」(political decay)。本文以我國同婚釋憲為例,透過次級文獻資料分析及深度訪談,旨在探討民主體制下,三種制度失衡而生的「司法擴權」現象是否必然為政治衰敗或為爭取少數群體權益所需,因而有助民主落實與深化。 sex marriage has been legal in Taiwan based on Judicial Yuan Interpretation No. 748 since 24 May 2019, making Taiwan the first country in Asia to legalize same-sex marriage. There is no doubt that this is an important achievement in terms of human rights development. However, in the process of promoting same-sex marriage equality, while facing opposition from social conservative forces and believers in traditional values, the major reform was not through the representatives in Congress. The administrative agencies also apparently did not play an active role in integrating public opinions, and they were unable to propose specific amendments. Eventually, Chia-Wei Chi appointed lawyers from the Taiwan Partnership Rights Promotion Alliance to appeal to the Supreme Administrative Court, and finally changed the legal provisions through constitutional review. Francis Fukuyama discusses political development issues with the development of political institutions as the core. He emphasized the importance of the three institutions, which includes the state, the rule of law, and the political accountability. Taking the phenomenon of judicial expansion in the American civil rights movement as an example, he pointed out that major changes in public policy in the United States were not initiated by elected members of Congress, but were achieved by civil society groups suing the government. Fukuyama thus calls this phenomenon "political decay." This article takes the legalization of same-sex marriage in Taiwan as an example, researching the phenomenon of "judicial expansion" arising from the imbalance of the three systems in a democratic system through literature analysis and in-depth interviews. This study attempts to explore whether "judicial expansion" is a sign of political decline or contributes to the deepening of democracy in terms of minority rights. |
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Description: | 碩士 國立政治大學 國家發展研究所 108261014 |
Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0108261014 |
Data Type: | thesis |
Appears in Collections: | [國家發展研究所] 學位論文
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