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Title:	入住長期照顧機構高齡者生活適應之初探 An Exploration of the Adaptation to Life of the Elderly in Long-term Care Institutions
Authors:	陳昱潔 CHEN, YU-JIE
Contributors:	王明聖 Wang, Ming-Sheng 陳昱潔 CHEN,YU-JIE
Keywords:	機構老人生活適應長照社工 Long-term Care Elderly Institutions Adaptation
Date:	2024
Issue Date:	2024-12-02 11:29:20 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	如今人口老齡化和家庭結構的變化，長期照護機構需求增加，這些機構旨在提升老人生活品質，提供身心照護。然而，老人入住機構時常伴隨自身健康狀況與壓力，影響其生活適應。長期照護機構不僅提供基本護理，還應關注老人情緒和心理需求等跨專業關係，透過促進積極情緒和社交關係，幫助他們應對壓力並提高生活適應能力，確保他們在晚年能享有尊嚴且有意義的生活。本研究探討高齡者在長期照護機構中的生活適應及品質，尤其關注家屬支持、自我效能、機構環境和社交支持四個面向的影響。現有研究多著重於結構性問題和客觀指標，缺乏對高齡者主觀感受的深入探討。本研究將通過田野調查，結合區位生態理論，深入探討高齡者在機構中的日常生活經驗，並分析健康狀態、家屬支持、機構環境等因素對其生活品質的影響，目的在提升高齡者在機構中的生活適應及幸福感。田野調查在台北市私立住宿式機構進行，透過參與式觀察與深度訪談，探討入住長期照護機構的老人在生活適應方面的情況。研究包括對養老院環境的觀察，如設施、活動和社交互動，並對老人、院長、社工、護理師等相關人員進行訪談，以了解老人生活適應的多面向因素，並分析社會支持、機構環境和傳統孝道觀念對生活適應的影響。研究發現，各類照護機構的不同與長輩自身身心狀況明顯影響長者生活適應，特別是家庭與機構之間的溝通不暢、住機構費用高昂，且人力不足導致照護質量下降，無法時刻顧及每位長輩的心情，因而影響長者生活適應。除此之外，失智長者的行為問題衍生出法律議題，需制定個性化照護計劃和提供心理支持。通過政策優化和資源整合，可提升照護品質，減輕家庭負擔，改善長者生活適應。 With the aging population and changes in family structures, the demand for long-term care facilities has increased. These institutions aim to enhance the quality of life for the elderly by providing physical and emotional care. However, when elderly individuals move into these facilities, they often face health conditions and stress that can impact their adjustment to life there. Long-term care institutions should not only offer basic nursing care but also address the emotional and psychological needs of the elderly, fostering positive emotions and social relationships to help them cope with stress and improve their adaptability, ensuring they can enjoy a dignified and meaningful life in their later years. This study explores the adaptation and quality of life of the elderly in long-term care institutions, focusing on the impact of self-efficacy, family support, social support, and institutional environment . Existing research often emphasizes structural issues and objective indicators, lacking a thorough exploration of the elderly's subjective experiences. This research uses field investigations combined with ecological theories to delve into the daily life experiences of elderly individuals in these institutions, analyzing how factors such as health status, family support, and institutional environment affect their quality of life. The goal is to enhance the adaptation and well-being of the elderly in these facilities. The field study was conducted in private residential institutions in Taipei City, utilizing participant observation and in-depth interviews to examine the adaptation of elderly residents to life in long-term care institutions. The research includes observations of the care environment, such as facilities, activities, and social interactions, and interviews with elderly residents, directors, social workers, and nurses to understand the multifaceted factors affecting adaptation and analyze the influence of social support, institutional environment, and the concepts traditional filial piety on life adjustment. The study found that differences among various types of care institutions and the elderly's physical and mental conditions significantly affect their adaptation to life in these settings. Issues such as poor communication between families and institutions, high costs of care, and inadequate staffing leading to decreased care quality impact the residents' adaptation. Additionally, behavioral issues among individuals with dementia raise legal concerns, necessitating personalized care plans and psychological support. Policy optimization and resource integration can improve care quality, alleviate family burdens, and enhance elderly residents' adaptation.
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Description:	碩士國立政治大學社會工作研究所 111264013
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