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| Title: | 臺灣能源轉型的民主挑戰：以萬里金山對地熱能發展的社會接受為啟示
The Democratic Challenges of Taiwan's Energy Transition: Insights from the Social Acceptance of Geothermal Development in Wanli and Jinshan |
| Authors: | 郭彥廷
Kuo, Yen-Ting |
| Contributors: | 杜文苓
Tu, Wen-Ling
郭彥廷
Kuo, Yen-Ting |
| Keywords: | 能源民主
社會接受
再生能源
地熱
Energy democracy
social acceptance
renewable energy
geothermal energy |
| Date: | 2024 |
| Issue Date: | 2024-11-01 11:06:06 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 在邁向更為淨零、永續社會的路程中，再生能源成為全球各國極力發展的建設項目。在發展再生能源的同時，除了改善環境現況，也希望能夠促進更為公正、正義的社會，建立一個有別於傳統化石燃料能源壟斷、集中的決策模式，重視能源與地方的互動、關注社區福祉並促進居民的參與，這在許多國家包括臺灣皆在再生能源相關政策中都有著墨。然而發展至今，仍能發現過去能源建設造成的環境、社會傷害的景象發生於再生能源的發展之中。在許多案例中，也看到了能源與地方社區的衝突，除了地方的環境衝擊，也包括了利害關係人參與、溝通的程序不利居民參與，或是對於能源發展的不同想像難以交集。
關於再生能源的研究多半聚焦於技術、經濟面向，關於社會議題的探討卻僅佔少數，過去的公共行政領域也較少對其投入關注。再生能源政策主要由國家中央層級制定，然而真正落實之處在於地方，為了使其能夠更順利地推行，有效地與社會共榮共存，在地社群的接受程度便是計畫成敗的關鍵。在此之中，我們看到了再生能源發展是一項跨學科（transdisciplinary）議題，以及社會科學所扮演的重要角色。
憑藉先天的自然條件優勢，以及技術、成本問題逐漸被克服的情況下，近年來地熱在臺灣的成長快速，至今被列為我國重點發展的前瞻能源之一，在許多地區也正進行探勘、建廠作業。有別於常見的風電、光電，地熱的規模較小、基載特性使其在未來發展上可能走出不同的路徑。然而與其他能源相同的是，地熱的開發仍須面臨風險控管以及如何使地方居民共同參與、利益共享等問題。除了國外，近年在臺灣也曾經發生與地熱能相關的地方社會爭議。
是故，本研究援引了能源民主（energy democracy）及社會接受（social acceptance）之概念，以地熱能發展的角度切入出發，並以臺灣北海岸地區作為主要研究場域。北海岸地區具有近半世紀的能源發展史，我國許多重要的能源設施皆建於此地，如火力（協和電廠）、核能（核一、核二、核四廠）、離岸風力等。然而在發展的同時也伴隨著許多爭議以及不公。近期位於大屯山地區的四磺子坪先導地熱廠正式啟用，其所屬的硫磺子坪地熱能示範區也開始動土，這意味著未來地熱亦有可能在北海岸地區有更多的發展。本文透過深度訪談，瞭解民間組織及地方社群對於地熱的認知與想像，並探討有什麼樣的機制與方法能促進居民在能源方面的決策參與並從中受益。藉由個案研究的方式，希望能夠給予未來臺灣在再生能源的社會基礎建設方面給予啟示，並精進當前的溝通、參與機制，以更加落實公平與正義。
In the journey towards a cleaner, zero-emission, and sustainable society, renewable energy has become a major construction project vigorously pursued by countries worldwide. While developing renewable energy aims to improve environmental conditions, there is also a desire to promote a more just and equitable society. This involves establishing a decision-making model distinct from the traditional fossil fuel energy monopoly and concentration, emphasizing the interaction between energy and localities, focusing on community well-being, and promoting resident participation. Many countries, including Taiwan, address these aspects in their renewable energy policies. However, despite the progress, one can still observe environmental and social damage occurring in the development of renewable energy, reminiscent of the issues caused by conventional energy construction.
Most research on renewable energy predominantly focuses on technical and economic aspects, with limited discussion on social issues. Public administration has historically shown less interest in this field. While renewable energy policies are primarily formulated at the national level, their successful implementation depends on local acceptance. The willingness of local communities to embrace these projects is crucial for their success. Within this context, the development of renewable energy emerges as a transdisciplinary issue, with a significant role played by the social sciences.
Benefiting from inherent natural advantages and overcoming technological and cost-related challenges, geothermal energy has witnessed rapid growth in Taiwan in recent years. It is now considered one of the country's key prospective energy sources, with exploration and construction activities taking place in various regions. Unlike more common wind and solar energy sources, geothermal energy's smaller scale and baseload characteristics may pave the way for different development paths in the future. However, like other energy sources, geothermal development still faces challenges such as risk management and addressing issues related to local residents' participation and benefit-sharing. In recent years, disputes related to geothermal energy have also occurred in Taiwan.
This study draws on the concepts of energy democracy and social acceptance, focusing on the perspective of geothermal energy development and using the northern coast of Taiwan as the primary research area. The northern coast has a history of nearly half a century in energy development, hosting crucial energy facilities such as thermal power plants, nuclear power plants, and offshore wind farms. However, along with development, numerous controversies and injustices have arisen. The recently inaugurated Sulfur Creek Pilot Geothermal Plant in Datun Mountain area indicates the potential for further geothermal development on the northern coast. Through in-depth interviews, this research aims to understand the perceptions and imaginations of civil organizations and local communities regarding geothermal energy. It explores mechanisms and methods that can enhance residents' proactive participation and decision-making in energy matters for their benefit. By adopting a case study approach, the hope is to provide insights for Taiwan's future social infrastructure in renewable energy, suggesting ways to improve current communication and participation mechanisms to achieve greater fairness and justice. |
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| Description: | 碩士
國立政治大學
公共行政學系
110256016 |
| Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0110256016 |
| Data Type: | thesis |
| Appears in Collections: | [公共行政學系] 學位論文
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