政大機構典藏-National Chengchi University Institutional Repository(NCCUR):Item 140.119/153468
English  |  正體中文  |  简体中文  |  Post-Print筆數 : 27 |  Items with full text/Total items : 113303/144284 (79%)
Visitors : 50834077      Online Users : 556
RC Version 6.0 © Powered By DSPACE, MIT. Enhanced by NTU Library IR team.
Scope Tips:
  • please add "double quotation mark" for query phrases to get precise results
  • please goto advance search for comprehansive author search
    •  Adv. Search
    Home ‧ Login ‧ Upload ‧ Help ‧ About ‧ Administer Goto mobile version


    Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/153468


    Title: 印尼的宗教民族主義民間社會:伊斯蘭捍衛者陣線民兵研究案例
    Religious Nationalism Civil Society in Indonesia: Study Case of Islamic Defenders Front Militia
    Authors: 艾婷娜
    Putri, Adinda Rahma
    Contributors: DEASY RUMONDANG PRISCILLA
    DEASY RUMONDANG PRISCILLA
    艾婷娜
    Adinda Rahma Putri
    Keywords: 公民社會
    印尼
    伊斯蘭捍衛者陣線
    宗教民族主義
    Civil Society
    Indonesia
    Islamic Defenders Front Militia
    Religious Nationalism
    Date: 2024
    Issue Date: 2024-09-04 15:20:25 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 印尼擁有世界上最多的穆斯林人口。2022年的最新人口普查顯示，在總人口2.7775億人中，高達87.02%或約2.417億人信奉伊斯蘭教。因此，伊斯蘭教不可避免地影響了社會的發展，包括公民社會組織的發展。本論文旨在通過印尼伊斯蘭公民社會組織的個案研究來描述宗教民族主義的概念。隨著公民社會組織在印尼越來越被認可，許多組織開始以宗教為基礎。宗教原則成為他們說服民眾的出發點，即社會或國家的標準應該建立在什麼基礎上。起初，FPI作為印尼的公民社會組織的成立並未被視為對政府的威脅，因為它在法律允許的範圍內，即公民可以組織。然而，當該組織轉變為宗教民族主義公民社會，其目的是改變政府和國家的運作，並使印尼成為一個伊斯蘭國家時，這就成為了一個問題。本研究採用文獻回顧的質性模型。數據將通過包括書籍、期刊文章和其他書面文件在內的次級資料來源收集，以支持本研究的論點。由於印尼有許多公民社會組織，本研究聚焦於並以伊斯蘭捍衛者陣線（FPI）為個案研究。通過該個案研究，本研究希望闡明宗教民族主義的概念。
    Indonesia has the world’s largest Muslim population. The latest census in 2022 shows that among the total population of 277.75 million people, as many as 87.02% or around 241.7 million people embrace Islam. Hence, Islam inevitably influences the development of the society, including that of civil society organizations. This thesis aims at describing the concept of religious nationalism by using the case study of Islamic civil society organization in Indonesia. As civil society organizations become more recognized in Indonesia, many of them are using religion as their foundation. Religious principles become their starting point in convincing the people on what the standard of a society or a country should be based on. At first, the establishment of FPI as a civil society in Indonesia was not seen as a threat to the government as it was within the legal boundary of what citizens were allowed to do, that is to make an organization. However, when the organization is shifting to become a religious nationalist civil society and its aim is to change the practice of the government and the state as a whole and to make Indonesia an Islamic state, this became a problem. This research uses qualitative model of literature review. The data will be gathered through secondary sources including books, article journal, and other written documents that could support the argument of this research. As there are many civil societies in Indonesia, this study focuses on and use the study case of Islamic Defenders Front Militia (FPI). With the case study, this research hopes to elucidate the concept of religious nationalism.
    Reference: Adyatma, Egi. “Dasar Pembubaran FPI, Tak Lagi Terdaftar Hingga Tudingan Terkait Terrorisme.” Tempo (blog), 2020. https://nasional.tempo.co/read/1418781/dasar-pembubaran-fpi-tak-lagi-terdaftar-hingga-tudingan-terkait-terorisme.
    ———. “UU Ormas Dasar Pembubaran FPI Bermasalah Karena Hilangkan Mekanisme Peradilan.” Tempo (blog), 2020. https://nasional.tempo.co/read/1418960/uu-ormas-dasar-pembubaran-fpi-bermasalah-karena-hilangkan-mekanisme-peradilan.
    Al Islam. “Ahmadiyya Muslim Community,” n.d. https://www.alislam.org/ahmadiyya-muslim-community/.
    Anshari, E. S. Piagam Jakarta 22 Juni 1945 Dan Sejarah Konsensus Nasional Antara Nasionalisme Islami Dan Nasionalis “Sekular” Tentang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia 1945-1950. Jakarta: Penerbit Pustaka, 1983.
    Anwar, Saeful. “Pemikiran Dan Gerakan Amr Ma’ruf Nahy Munkar Front Pembela Islam (FPI) Di Indonesia 1989-2012.” Teosifi: Jurnal Tasawuf Dan Pemikiran Islam 4, no. 1 (2014): 220–50.
    Anwar, Syaiful, Fuad Bawazir, Rafika Sakina, Mince Lukita, Novan Hernata, Miranda, and Muannif Ridwan. “Mazhab Syafi’i Sebagai Paradigma Dalam Pemikiran Dan Penetapan Hukum Islam Di Indonesia.” Jurnal Forum Studi Hukum Dan Kemasyarakatan 5, no. 2 (2023): 101–23. https://doi.org/10.15575/vh.v5i2. 28191.
    Arianto, Bismar. “Memahami Front Pembela Islam: Gerakan Aksi Atau Negara Islam.” Jurnal Communitarian 2, no. 1 (2019): 147–66.
    Arif, Syaiful. “Pandangan Dan Perjuangan Ideologis Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia (HTI) Dalam Sistem Kenegaraan Di Indonesia.” Aspirasi 7, no. 1 (2016): 93–104.
    Arifianto, Alexander R. “From Ideological to Political Sectarianism: Nahdlatul Ulama, Muhammadiyah, and the State in Indonesia.” Religion, State & Society 49, no. 2 (2021): 126–41. https://doi.org/10.1080/09637494.2021.1902247.
    Atriana, Rina. “Ahok Divonis 2 Tahun Penjara.” DetikNews (blog), 2017. https://news.detik.com/berita/d-3496185/ahok-divonis-2-tahun-penjara.
    Aula, Siti Khodijah Nurul. “Potret Diskriminasi Terhadap Kelompok Minoritas Ahmadiyah Di Media Online.” Jurnal Religi: Jurnal Studi Agama-Agama 17, no. 2 (2021): 1–16. https://doi.org/10.14421/rejusta.2021-1702-01.
    Aziz, Abdul. Islam versus Demokrasi: Menguak Mitos, Menemukan Solusi. Jakarta: Saadah Pustaka Mandiri, 2016.
    Aziza, Kurnia Sari. “Pandangan Rizieq Soal Umat Islam Diperbolehkan Pilih Pemimpin Non-Muslim.” Kompas (blog), 2017. https://megapolitan.kompas.com/read/2017/02/28/14470971/pandangan.rizieq.soal.umat.islam.diperbolehkan.pilih.pemimpin.non-muslim.
    BBC News. “Ahok: Saya Tidak Berniat Melecehkan Ayat Suci Alquran,” 2016. https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/trensosial/2016/10/161006_trensosial_ahok_almaidah.
    BBC News. “Aksi 212 Dipuncaki Jokowi Salat Bersama Massa,” 2016. https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/live/indonesia-38178573.
    BBC News. “Front Pembela Islam: Indonesia ‘Bukan Negara Demokrasi,’” 2017. https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/indonesia-38688068.
    BBC News. “Lady Gaga Indonesia Concert Denied Permit by Police,” 2012. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-18073961.
    BBC News. “Polisi Dan Ormas Bubarkan Acara Lady Fast Di Yogyakarta,” 2016. https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/berita_indonesia/2016/04/160403_indonesia_diskusi_perempuan_bubar_ormas.
    Berger, Mark T. “Old State and New Empire in Indonesia: Debating the Rise and Decline of Suharto’s New Order.” Thrid World Quarterly 18, no. 2 (1997): 321–61.
    Berger, Peter. “Religion and Global Civil Society.” In Religion in Global Civil Society, 12–22. Oxford University Press, 2005.
    Bil Wahid, Ahmad. “Buka-Bukaan Prabowo Soal Strategi Turunkan Ahok.” DetikNews (blog), 2018. https://news.detik.com/berita/d-4214506/buka-bukaan-prabowo-soal-strategi-turunkan-ahok.
    Bonasir, Rohmatin. “Kenapa Ahmadiyah Dianggap Bukan Islam: Fakta Dan Kontroversi.” BBC News (blog), 2018. https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/indonesia-42642858.
    Britannica. “Pancasila,” n.d. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Pancasila.
    Brown, L. Carl. Religion and State, The Muslim Approach to Politics. New York: Columbia University Press, 2000.
    Bruinessen, Martin van. “Genealogies of Islamic Radicalism in Post-Suharto Indonesia.” South East Asia Research 10 (2002): 117–54.
    Chakim, M. Lutfi. “Contrarius Actus.” Majalah Konstitusi, 2017.
    Clarke, Gerald. “Faith Matters: Faith-Based Organisations, Civil Society and International Development.” Journal of International Development 18 (2006): 835–48. https://doi.org/10.1002/jid.1317.
    CNN Indonesia. “Cerita Korban Menolak Lupa Kekerasan FPI Di Masa Lalu,” 2019. https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20191129082819-20-452534/cerita-korban-menolak-lupa-kekerasan-fpi-di-masa-lalu.
    CNN Indonesia. “Pembubaran FPI Dan Potensi Membesarnya Simpati Publik,” 2020. https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20201230114917-32-587778/pembubaran-fpi-dan-potensi-membesarnya-simpati-publik.
    CNN Indonesia. “Wajah FPI Selain Sweeping: Bertaruh Nyawa Di Medan Bencana,” 2020. https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20201230165814-20-587995/wajah-fpi-selain-sweeping-bertaruh-nyawa-di-medan-bencana.
    DetikNews. “Ini Dia SKB Pelarangan Ahmadiyah,” 2008. https://news.detik.com/berita/d-953067/ini-dia-skb-pelarangan-ahmadiyah.
    DetikNews. “Mantan Kapolda Metro Nugroho Djayusman: Ormas Jangan Dibubarkan,” 2015. https://news.detik.com/berita/d-2847439/mantan-kapolda-metro-nugroho-djayusman-ormas-jangan-dibubarkan.
    DetikNews. “Siap Tertibkan Hiburan Malam Selama Ramadhan, FPI Demo,” 2004. https://news.detik.com/berita/d-218289/siap-tertibkan-hiburan-malam-selama-ramadhan-fpi-demo.
    Deutsche Welle. “No Go for Lady Gaga,” 2012. https://www.dw.com/en/islamist-threat-forces-lady-gaga-to-cancel-jakarta-concert/a-15980634.
    Dhani, Arman. “Kisah Kedekatan Wiranto Dan Rizieq Shihab.” Tirto.Id (blog), 2017. https://tirto.id/kisah-kedekatan-wiranto-dan-rizieq-shihab-ciSL.
    Diamond, Larry. “Rethinking Civil Society: Toward Democratic Consolidation.” Journal of Democracy 5, no. 3 (1994): 4–17. https://doi.org/10.1353/jod.1994.0041.
    El Anshari, Dian F. R. “FPI Bakar Bendera Amerika Di Depan Kedubes Australia.” Kompas.Com, 2013. https://megapolitan.kompas.com/read/2013/11/22/1515421/FPI.Bakar.Bendera.Amerika.di.Depan.Kedubes.Australia.
    El-Badri, Muhammad Yusuf. “Setelah FPI Tak Ada Lagi.” DetikNews (blog), 2021. https://news.detik.com/kolom/d-5319942/setelah-fpi-tak-ada-lagi.
    “Extrajudicial.” In Legal Information Insititute. Cornell Law School, 2021. https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/extrajudicial#:~:text=Extrajudicial%20refers%20to%20something%20that,said%20outside%20of%20the%20courtroom.
    Facal, Gabriel. “Islamic Defenders Front Militia (Front Pembela Islam) and Its Impact on Growing Religious Intolerance in Indonesia.” TRaNS: Trans-Regional and National Studies of Southeast Asia 8 (2020): 7–20. https://doi.org/10.1017/trn.2018.15.
    Fadhil, Haris. “Dukungan Habib Rizieq Yang Disambut Prabowo Dengna Haru Dan Takbir.” DetikNews (blog), 2018. https://news.detik.com/berita/d-4214921/dukungan-habib-rizieq-yang-disambut-prabowo-dengan-haru-dan-takbir.
    Firzani, Hendri, Taufik Alwie, Eric Samantha, and Deni Mulya Barus. “Aneka Ragam Laskar Jalanan.” Gatra (blog), 2006. http://www.gatra.com/2006-06-20/versi_cetak.php?id=95557.
    Foley, Michael W, and Bob Edwards. “Beyond Tocqueville: Civil Society and Social Capital in Comparative Perspective.” The American Behavioral Scientist 42, no. 1 (1998): 5–20.
    Freedman, Amy. “Civil Society, Moderate Islam, and Politics in Indonesia and Malaysia.” Journal of Civil Society 5, no. 2 (2009): 107–27. https://doi.org/10.1080/17448680903154907.
    Fuad, Muhammad. “Civil Society in Indonesia: The Potential and Limits of Muhammadiyah.” SOJOURN 17, no. 2 (2002): 133–63.
    Galih, Bayu. “Kontroversi Isi Perppu Ormas, Bukti Keberanian Atau Jalan Pintas?” Kompas (blog), 2017. https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2017/07/13/07414181/kontroversi-isi-perppu-ormas-bukti-keberanian-atau-jalan-pintas-.
    Gorski, Philip S., and Gülay Türkmen-Dervişoğlu. “Religion, Nationalism, and Violence: An Integrated Approach.” Annual Review of Sociology 39 (2013): 193–210. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-soc-071312-145641.
    Grzymala-Busse, Anna. “Religious Nationalism and Religious Influence.” Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Politics, 2019, 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.813.
    ———. “Why Comparative Politics Should Take Religion (More) Seriously.” The Annual Review of Political Science 15 (2012): 421–42. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-polisci-033110-130442.
    Gueorguiev, Dimitar, Kai Ostwald, and Paul Schuler. “Rematch: Islamic Politics, Mobilisation, and the Indonesian Presidential Election.” Political Science 70, no. 3 (2018): 240–52. https://doi.org/10.1080/00323187.2019.1584733.
    Gumilang, Prima. “Seruan Khilafah Rizieq Shihab Di Jantung FPI.” CNN Indonesia (blog), 2017. https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20170815154404-20-234919/seruan-khilafah-rizieq-shihab-di-jantung-fpi/2.
    Gustiana, Susi. “‘Saya Ingin Hidup Bahagia Di Rumah Sendiri’: Perempuan-Perempuan Ahmadiyah Di Transito.” Project Multatuli (blog), 2021. https://projectmultatuli.org/cerita-jemaat-ahmadiyah-di-lombok-yang-diusir-dan-masih-mengungsi-selama-15-tahun-di-asrama-transito-kota-mataram/.
    Harianja, Axel Joshua. “Soroti Pam Swakarsa, KontraS: Polri Pelihara Ketakutan Di Masa Silam.” IDN Times (blog), 2020. https://www.idntimes.com/news/indonesia/axel-harianja/soroti-pam-swakarsa-kontras-polri-pelihara-ketakutan-di-masa-silam.
    Harmsen, Egbert. “Islam/Islamism and Civil Society.” In Civil Society and Social Work: Muslim Voluntary Welfare Associations in Jordan between Patronage and Empowerment, 45–66. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2008.
    Hasan, Noorhaidi. “Introduction.” In Laskar Jihad: Islam, Militancy, and the Quest for Identity in Post-New Order Era, 16. Cornell University: Cornell University Press, 2006. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7591/j.ctv1nhk51.
    Hasyim, Syafiq. “The Council of Indonesian Ulama (Majelis Ulama Indonesia, MUI) and Religious Freedom.” The Research Institute on Contemporary Southeast Asia 12 (2011): 3–26.
    Hefner, Robert. “Islam and Institutional Religious Freedom in Indonesia.” Religions 12, no. 415 (2021): 1–20. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel12060415.
    Hermawan, Bayu. “Ini 7 Alasan UU Ormas Layak Digugat Menurut Komnas HAM.” Republika Online (blog), 2017. https://news.republika.co.id/berita/oydrl0354/ini-7-alasan-uu-ormas-layak-digugat-menurut-komnas-ham.
    Hermawan, Fajar Wahyu. “Keputusan Tegas Untuk FPI.” Indonesia.Go.Id (blog), 2020. https://indonesia.go.id/narasi/indonesia-dalam-angka/sosial/keputusan-tegas-untuk-fpi.
    Hikmatul, Akbar. “Indonesia’s National Identity: A New Path.” UPN (Universitas Pembangunan Nasional) Veteran Yogyakarta: Institutional Repository, 2010, 1–4.
    Hosen, Nadirsyah. “Religion and the Indonesian Constitution: A Recent Debate.” Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 36, no. 3 (2005): 419–40. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022463405000238.
    Howard, Davis, David Dallimore, Marta Eichsteller, and Robin Mann. “Religion and Local Civil Society: Participation and Change in a Post-Industrial Village.” Journal of Contemporary Religion 36, no. 3 (2021): 287–309. https://doi.org/10.1080/13537903.2021.1936967.
    Huda, Sholihul. “FPI: Potret Gerakan Islam Radikal Di Indonesia.” Jurnal Al-Hikmah 5, no. 2 (2019): 1–16. https://doi.org/10.30651/ah.v5i2.4282.
    Ibrahim, Raka. “FPI Dan Sejarah Berliku Islam Politik Di Indonesia.” Asumsi (blog), 2021. https://asumsi.co/post/59586/fpi-dan-sejarah-berliku-islam-politik-di-indonesia/.
    Ilyas. “Islam Dan Kebangsaan: Pergumulan Dalam BPUPKI, PPKI, Dan Piagam Jakarta.” Buletin Al-Turas 26, no. 1 (2020): 19–35. https://doi.org/10.15408/bat.v26i1.13921.
    Indra, Putu Agung Nara. “FPI Dalam Lintasan Sejarah.” Tirto.Id (blog), 2016. https://tirto.id/fpi-dalam-lintasan-sejarah-b1NT.
    Juergensmeyer, Mark. “The Worldwide Rise of Religious Nationalism.” Journal of International Affairs 50, no. 1 (1996): 1–20.
    Junita, Nancy. “Ma’ruf Amin Beberkan Paham Islam Yang Dianut Rizieq Shihab.” Kabar Bisnis (blog), 2018. https://kabar24.bisnis.com/read/20181112/15/858847/maruf-amin-beberkan-paham-islam-yang-dianut-rizieq-shihab.
    Kadıoğlu, Ayşe. “Civil Society, Islam and Democracy in Turkey: A Study of Three Islamic Non-Governmental Organizations.” The Muslim World 95 (2005): 23–42.
    Kenton, Will. “Due Process Defined and How It Works, with Examples and Types.” Investopedia (blog), 2023. https://www.investopedia.com/terms/d/due-process.asp#:~:text=Due%20process%20is%20a%20requirement,both%20civil%20and%20criminal%20matters.
    Kepustakaan Ilmu Kepolisian Republik Indonesia. “Jenderal Polisi Drs. Sutanto,” 2021. https://kepustakaan-ilmukepolisianri.perpusnas.go.id/home/figure?slug=jenderal-polisi-drs-sutanto.
    Khatab, Sayed. Democracy in Islam. London and New York: Routledge, 2007.
    Kompas.com. “Warga vs FPI Di Kendal: Ini Kronologi Bentrok Warga Dengan FPI Di Kendal.” 2013. https://regional.kompas.com/read/2013/07/19/0022293/Ini.Kronologi.Bentrok.Warga.dengan.FPI.di.Kendal.
    Kresna, Mawa. “Peringatan Setahun 212 Dan Tantangan Menghimpun Lagi Gerakan.” Tirto.Id (blog), 2017. https://tirto.id/peringatan-setahun-212-dan-tantangan-menghimpun-lagi-gerakan-cAMR.
    Kukuh, Thomas. “Terungkap Jumlah Peserta Aksi 212 Berdasar Pencitraan Satelit, Begini Cara Hitungnya!” Jawa Pos (blog), 2016. https://www.jawapos.com/kasuistika/0111708/terungkap-jumlah-peserta-aksi-212-berdasar-pencitraan-satelit-begini-cara-hitungnya.
    Kurnialis, Ellen. “FPI and the Kendal Incident.” Tempo (blog), 2013. https://en.tempo.co/read/498837/fpi-and-the-kendal-incident.
    Kustedja, Anton. “Melihat Kedekatan SBY, Partai Demokrat, Dan HTI-FPI.” Media Indonesia (blog), 2021. https://mediaindonesia.com/politik-dan-hukum/393690/melihat-kedekatan-sby-partai-demokrat-dan-hti-fpi.
    Lemière, Sophie. “Apostasy & Islamic Civil Society in Malaysia.” Isim Review 20, no. 1 (2007): 46–47.
    Liputan6. “FPI ‘Sweeping’ Tempat Hiburan Malam.” 2010. https://www.liputan6.com/news/read/290153/fpi-quotsweepingquot-tempat-hiburan-malam.
    Lubis, M. Ridwan. Buku Ajar Merawat Kerukunan Pengalaman Indonesia. Ciputat: UIN Jakarta Press, 2018.
    Lusianawati, Devi. “Langgar Perda, Izin Hiburan Malam Terancam Dicabut.” Berita Jakarta (blog), 2014. https://m.beritajakarta.id/read/3021/langgar-perda-izin-hiburan-malam-terancam-dicabut.
    Maulana, Adi. “23 Tahun Tragedi Semanggi I Dan Keadilan Yang Gelap.” CNN Indonesia (blog), 2021. https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20211112203012-20-720547/23-tahun-tragedi-semanggi-i-dan-keadilan-yang-gelap.
    Menchik, Jeremy. “Productive Intolerance: Godly Nationalism in Indonesia.” Comparative Studies in Society and History 56, no. 3 (2014): 591–621.
    “Mengenal Mazhab Syafi’i Beserta Sejarah Perkembangannya,” 2023. https://kumparan.com/berita-hari-ini/mengenal-mazhab-syafii-beserta-sejarah-perkembangannya-1zvE7pIkMbn/full.
    Moordiningsih, Wahyu Rahardho, Lisnawati Ruhaena, Zahrotul Uyun, and Ninik Supartini. “Indonesian National Identity Model: The Importance of Religion, Self-Esteem, and Relaitons between Groups Among Muhammadiyah Students.” Jurnal Psikologi Integratif 9, no. 2 (2021): 150–74.
    Movanita, Ambaranie. “HTI Resmi Dibubarkan Pemerintah.” KOMPAS (blog), July 19, 2017. https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2017/07/19/10180761/hti-resmi-dibubarkan-pemerintah?page=all.
    Muarabagja, Mohammad Hatta. “Kilas Balik Pembentukan FPI 17 Agustus 1998.” Tempo (blog), 2023. https://nasional.tempo.co/read/1761029/kilas-balik-pembentukan-fpi-17-agustus-1998.
    Mubarak, Erly. “FPI Serang Masjid Ahmadiyah.” BBC News (blog), 2012. https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/berita_indonesia/2012/04/120420_fpiahmadi.
    Naipospos, Bonar Tigor. “Tindak Pelaku Sweeping Di Pamekasan Madura.” Setara Institute (blog), 2018. https://setara-institute.org/tindak-pelaku-sweeping-di-pamekasan-madura/.
    Nalle, Victor Imanuel W. “Asas Contrarius Actus Pada Perpu Ormas: Kritik Dalam Perspektif Hukum Administrasi Negara Dan Hak Asasi Manusia.” Padjajaram Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law) 4, no. 2 (2017): 244–62. https://doi.org/10.22304/pjih.v4n2.a2.
    Ningsih, Widya Lestari. “Tragedi Semanggi I: Latar Belakang, Korban, Dan Upaya Penyelesaian.” Kompas (blog), 2022. https://www.kompas.com/stori/read/2022/09/20/130000779/tragedi-semanggi-i-latar-belakang-korban-dan-upaya-penyelesaian?page=all.
    Njoto-Feillard, Gwenael. “The Islamic Factor in the 2014 Indonesian Elections.” In Watching the Indonesian Elections 2014, 85–93. Singapore: ISEAS-Yusof Ishak Institute, 2015.
    Nordholt, Henk Schulte, and Gerry van Klinken. “Introduction.” In Renegotiating Boundaries: Local Politics in Post-Suharto Indonesia, 1–30. Leiden: KITLV Press, 2007.
    Nugroho, Rony Ariyanto. “Bunga Untuk 25 Tahun Tragedi Semanggi I.” Kompas (blog), 2023. https://www.kompas.id/baca/foto/2023/11/13/tabur-bunga-di-peringatan-25-tahun-tragedi-semanggi-i.
    Nurfajrina, Azkia. “Qiyas Dalam Syariat Islam: Rukun, Macam Dan Contohnya.” Detik (blog), 2022. https://www.detik.com/hikmah/khazanah/d-6406244/qiyas-dalam-syariat-islam-rukun-macam-dan-contohnya.
    Paath, Carlos KY. “Dua Kemungkinan Kenapa SBY Selalu Gamang Sikapi FPI.” Berita Satu (blog), 2013. https://www.beritasatu.com/news/128014/dua-kemungkinan-kenapa-sby-selalu-gamang-sikapi-fpi.
    Pancasila (1945).
    Pdsi Kominfo. “Inilah Perppu Tentang Organisasi Kemasyarakatan.” Website Resmi Kementerian Komunikasi Dan Informatika RI (blog), 2017. https://www.kominfo.go.id/content/detail/10092/inilah-perppu-tentang-organisasi-kemasyarakatan/0/berita.
    Persada, Syailendra. “PA 212, FPI, GNPF Gelar Ijtima Ulama Pada Agustus 2019.” Tempo (blog), 2019. https://nasional.tempo.co/read/1224943/pa-212-fpi-gnpf-gelar-ijtima-ulama-pada-agustus-2019.
    Petru, Tomas. “The Front Pembela Islam: Well-Connected Indonesian Radicals – a Threat or a Spent Force?,” 53–75, 2015.
    Pratiwi, Priska Sari. “Monas, Gereja Dan Segala Kenangan Buruk Tentang FPI.” CNN Indonesia (blog), 2017. https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20170817065248-20-235311/monas-gereja-dan-segala-kenangan-buruk-tentang-fpi.
    Prawira, Adam. “Mardani Kenang Tragedi Tsunami Aceh, Ada Foto Habib Rizieq.” Sindo News, December 26, 2020. https://nasional.sindonews.com/read/280834/15/mardani-kenang-tragedi-tsunami-aceh-ada-foto-habib-rizieq-1608948747.
    Pujianti, Sri. “DPR: UU Ormas Memberikan Perlindungan Hukum Yang Adil.” Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia (blog), 2018. https://www.mkri.id/index.php?page=web.Berita&id=14335&menu=2.
    Purwanto, Muhammad Roy. “Kitab Al-Risalah Dan Qiyas Al-Syafi’i.” In Pemikiran Imam Al-Syafi’i Dalam Kitab al-Risalah Tentang Qiyas Dan Perkembangannya Dalam Ushul Fiqh, 38–43. Indonesia: Universitas Islam Indonesia, 2017.
    Putera, Andri Donnal. “Menengok Kembali Sejarah Penutupan Lokalisasi Kramat Tunggak.” Kompas (blog), 2016. https://megapolitan.kompas.com/read/2016/02/16/07000051/Menengok.Kembali.Sejarah.Penutupan.Lokalisasi.Kramat.Tunggak?page=all.
    Putnam, Robert. Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1993.
    Rabasa, Angel, and John Haseman. “The Challenge of Terrorism and Religious Extremism.” In The Military and Democracy in Indonesia: Challenges, Politics, and Power, 81–90. California: RAND, 2002.
    “Radical Islam in Indonesia,” n.d. https://www.indonesia-investments.com/business/risks/radical-islam/item245.
    Rahmat, Haziq. “The 4 Mazhabs in Islam,” 2021. https://muslim.sg/articles/the-4-mazhabs-in-islam.
    Ramadhan. “Sudah Sampai 3 Edisi, Apa Itu Ijtima Ulama?” Asumsi (blog), 2021. https://asumsi.co/post/58084/sudah-sampai-3-edisi-apa-itu-ijtima-ulama/.
    Ramdhani, Jabbar. “Sempat Datang Ke Aksi 212, Apakah Jokowi Termasuk Alumni 212?” DetikNews (blog), 2018. https://news.detik.com/berita/d-3991092/sempat-datang-ke-aksi-212-apakah-jokowi-termasuk-alumni-212.
    Rizaty, Monavia Ayu. “Mayoritas Penduduk Indonesia Beragama Islam Pada 2022,” 2023. https://dataindonesia.id/varia/detail/mayoritas-penduduk-indonesia-beragama-islam-pada-2022#.
    Rosana, Francisca Christy, and Ninis Chairunnisa. “Prabowo Tandatangani Pakta Integritas Ijtima Ulama II, Ini Isinya.” Tempo (blog), 2018. https://nasional.tempo.co/read/1127023/prabowo-tandatangani-pakta-integritas-ijtima-ulama-ii-ini-isinya.
    Rosarians, Fransisco. “SBY: No Tolerance for Vigilantism.” Tempo, 2013. https://en.tempo.co/read/498446/sby-no-tolerance-for-vigilantism.
    Sembiring, Krisna. “Menelisik Kedekatan SBY, Partai Demokrat Dan Kelompok Radikal HTI-FPI.” Sindo News (blog), 2021. https://nasional.sindonews.com/read/378400/12/menelisik-kedekatan-sby-partai-demokrat-dan-kelompok-radikal-hti-fpi-1616850204.
    Setiadi, Arif Fajar. “Warga Ahmadiyah Ingin Bertemu Bupati Lombok Barat.” Solopos, 2010, sec. Nasional. https://news.dev.solopos.com/warga-ahmadiyah-ingin-bertemu-bupati-lombok-barat-76799.
    Sheany. “Understanding the 212 Movement.” Jakarta Globe (blog), 2018. https://jakartaglobe.id/news/understanding-212-movement.
    Shihab, Muhammad Rizieq. “Pengaruh Pancasila Terhadap Penerapan Syariat Islam Di Indonesia.” Akademi Pengajian Islam, 2012.
    Siregar, Rusman. “Penyebab Indonesia Mayoritas Bermazhab Syafi’i, Ini Alasannya,” 2023. https://kalam.sindonews.com/read/984635/786/penyebab-indonesia-mayoritas-bermazhab-syafii-ini-alasannya-1672563710.
    Sitepu, Mehulika. “Polisi ‘jalin Simbiosis Mutualisme’ Dengan Ormas.” BBC News (blog), 2017. https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/indonesia-38640148.
    Subhanie, Dzikry. “FPI Akan Menyalurkan Aspirasi Politik Ke PKS? Begini Jawaban Munarman.” Sindo News (blog), 2020. https://nasional.sindonews.com/read/265914/12/fpi-akan-menyalurkan-aspirasi-politik-ke-pks-begini-jawaban-munarman-1607771567.
    Sugiyarto. “FPI, Dan Pemuda Pancasila Deklarasi Dukung Prabowo-Hatta.” Tribun News (blog), 2014. https://www.tribunnews.com/pemilu-2014/2014/05/31/fpi-fbr-dan-pemuda-pancasila-deklarasi-dukung-prabowo-hatta.
    Sulistyowaty, Retno. “FPI Minta DPR/MPR Kembalikan Pancasila Sesuai Piagam Jakarta.” Tempo, December 31, 2003. https://nasional.tempo.co/read/37730/fpi-minta-dprmpr-kembalikan-pancasila-sesuai-piagam-jakarta.
    Suprayogi, Yosep. “Jokowi Presiden, Ahok Otomatis Gubernur DKI.” Tempo, 2013, sec. Pemilu. https://pemilu.tempo.co/read/535096/jokowi-presiden-ahok-otomatis-gubernur-dki.
    Suryadinata, Leo. “A YEAR OF UPHEAVAL AND UNCERTAINTY: The Fall of Soeharto and Rise of Habibie.” Southeast Asian Affairs, 1999, 111–27.
    Syaefudin, Machfud. “Reintepretasi Gerakan Dakwah Front Pembela Islam.” Jurnal Ilmu Dakwah 34, no. 2 (2014): 259–76.
    The 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia (1945).
    Tifada, Dethya Arya, and Ariandono Dijan Winardi. “Riots in May 1998 and the Establishment of Pam Swakarsa.” VOI (blog), 2024. https://voi.id/en/memori/380841.
    Tim Penulis HTI. Syariah Islam Dalam Kebijakan Publik. Jakarta: HTI Press, 2006.
    Undang Undang Dasar (1945).
    Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2017 (2017).
    Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2013 (2013).
    Velarosdela, Rindi Nuris. “Lokalisasi Kramat Tunggak: Dibuat Ali Sadikin, Diruntuhkan Sutiyoso.” Kompas (blog), 2021. https://megapolitan.kompas.com/read/2021/06/22/11462021/lokalisasi-kramat-tunggak-dibuat-ali-sadikin-diruntuhkan-sutiyoso?page=all.
    VOA. “Massa FPI Serang Masjid Ahmadiyah Di Jawa Barat,” 2010. https://www.voaindonesia.com/a/massa-fpi-serang-masjid-ahmadiyah-di-jawa-barat-99666344/82045.html.
    Wahid, Ramli Abdul. “Aliran Minoritas Dalam Islam Di Indonesia.” Journal of Contemporary Islam and Muslim Societies 1, no. 2 (2017): 141–63. https://doi.org/10.30821/jcims.v1i2.1071.
    Walden, Max. “Islamic Civil Society’s Enduring Vitality in Indonesia’s Democracy.” The Interpreter (blog), 2016. https://www.lowyinstitute.org/the-interpreter/islamic-civil-society-s-enduring-vitality-indonesia-s-democracy.
    Waty, Reni Rentika, and Kamarudin. “The Islamic Defenders Front (FPI) As an Opposition Force in the Joko Widodo’s Era in 2014-2020.” International Journal of Islamic Khazanah (IJIK) 11, no. 2 (2021): 118–33. https://doi.org/10.15575/ijik.v11i2. 13147.
    Wicaksono, Adhi. “SKB FPI Organisasi Terlarang Ditandatangani 6 Pejabat Tinggi.” CNN Indonesia (blog), 2020. https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20201230154923-12-587958/skb-fpi-organisasi-terlarang-ditandatangani-6-pejabat-tinggi.
    Wilson, Ian. “Resisting Democracy: Front Pembela Islam and Indonesia’s 2014 Elections.” In Watching the Indonesian Elections 2014, 32–40. Singapore: ISEAS-Yusof Ishak Institute, 2015.
    Yulisman, Linda. “Indonesia Bans Hardline Islamic Defenders Front Group.” The Straits Times (blog), 2020. https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/indonesia-bans-hardline-islamic-defenders-front-group.
    Yunarti, Rini. BPUPKI, PPKI, Proklamasi Kemerdekaan RI. 1st ed. Jakarta: Kompas, 2003.
    Yuniar, Maria. “Jemaat Filadelfia Dihadang Saat Hendak Beribadah.” Tempo (blog), 2012. https://nasional.tempo.co/read/404466/jemaat-filadelfia-dihadang-saat-hendak-beribadah.
    Zubaedah, Putri Amalia. “Beri Klarifikasi, Habib Rizieq Sebut FPI Tidak Memusuhi Pemerintah Tapi Musuhi Kezaliman.” Pikiran Rakyat Cirebon (blog), 2020. https://cirebon.pikiran-rakyat.com/nasional/pr-04944892/beri-klarifikasi-habib-rizieq-sebut-fpi-tidak-memusuhi-pemerintah-tapi-musuhi-kezaliman?page=all.
    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    亞太研究英語碩士學位學程(IMAS)
    111926015
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0111926015
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[International Program in Asia-Pacific Studies\n(IMAS/IDAS)] 學位論文

    Files in This Item:

    File Description SizeFormat
    601501.pdf886KbAdobe PDF0View/Open


    All items in 政大典藏 are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved.


    社群 sharing

    著作權政策宣告 Copyright Announcement
    1.本網站之數位內容為國立政治大學所收錄之機構典藏，無償提供學術研究與公眾教育等公益性使用，惟仍請適度，合理使用本網站之內容，以尊重著作權人之權益。商業上之利用，則請先取得著作權人之授權。
    The digital content of this website is part of National Chengchi University Institutional Repository. It provides free access to academic research and public education for non-commercial use. Please utilize it in a proper and reasonable manner and respect the rights of copyright owners. For commercial use, please obtain authorization from the copyright owner in advance.

    2.本網站之製作，已盡力防止侵害著作權人之權益，如仍發現本網站之數位內容有侵害著作權人權益情事者，請權利人通知本網站維護人員(nccur@nccu.edu.tw)，維護人員將立即採取移除該數位著作等補救措施。
    NCCU Institutional Repository is made to protect the interests of copyright owners. If you believe that any material on the website infringes copyright, please contact our staff(nccur@nccu.edu.tw). We will remove the work from the repository and investigate your claim.
    DSpace Software Copyright © 2002-2004  MIT &  Hewlett-Packard  /   Enhanced by   NTU Library IR team Copyright ©   - Feedback