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    Title: 未登記工廠空間分布及使用許可機制關聯性之探討—以新北市為例
    A study on the relationship between the spatial distribution and use permission of unregistered factories —taking New Taipei City as an example
    Authors: 李旻馨
    Lee, Min-Sin
    Contributors: 邊泰明
    李旻馨
    Lee, Min-Sin
    Keywords: 未登記工廠
    空間分布
    產業群聚
    使用許可機制
    Unregistered factories
    Spatial distribution
    Industrial clustering
    Use permission
    Date: 2024
    Issue Date: 2024-09-04 14:25:54 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 未登記工廠在農地土地上營運的狀況,一直是政府長久無法處理的難題,困難是這些未登記工廠是國家經濟發展不可否認的,並且是有貢獻經濟價值的,這些業者大部分是為降低購地成本關係,選擇違規的風險就在農地上直接蓋工廠生產,另有一部分是因為找不到適合的土地可以蓋工廠,也就直接在交通運輸方便,或離產業園區有上下游關係的外圍農地地區,直接蓋工廠。
    失序的土地利用,也逐漸形成開發管理上的困難與妨礙整體環境、區域發展及安全的隱憂,根據行政院農業部在農地及農地資源盤查結果中亦顯示了全臺灣對於農地的轉用情形以工業使用為最高(約1.5萬公頃),住宅次之(約為1萬公頃),且該數值仍有上升之趨勢。在文獻回顧的理論中證明未登記工廠設立的原因皆為成本考量、交通考量、產業聚集等為主,當中還有是政府長期對於土地管制的失控及土地的開發長期缺乏上位計畫之明確規範與指導,以致於常常讓土地開發許可是必需配合申請者之需要而做土地變更使用,而忽略了全體區域之間的整體關係,導致無法充分檢討申請者在申請案件事業設立工廠之土地需求及環境區位的適宜性,造成各自工廠林立於農地上,破壞了周邊農地環境安全、安寧與環境保護。
    本研究嘗試透過工業區位理論,綜整可能影響工業區位選擇之影響因素,解釋工業從都市核心地區遷移外圍之農業地區的過程與趨勢,並針對各工業坐落土地之區位,依都市計畫法分區變更及非都市土地開發許可機制法規下,以新北市全區未登記工廠為範例,未登記工廠在不同區位的空間分布狀況與在不同區位時,經納管改善後之特定工廠,在最後土地變更時,依區位申請變更時遇到的困境與問題提出檢討與研析。
    最後與即將全面實施國土計畫使用許可制度下,探討國土計畫法對於未登記工廠屬群聚集中達一定規模面積以上或在地產業鏈結程度高者之區域,以新訂或擴大都市計畫為全區劃定範圍做全區重整規劃的機制,與都市土地使用管理機制下,對於土地利用空間分布及許可變更制度關聯性,綜合整理找出得以有效管制未登記工廠,並適宜適性,應地制宜解決未登記工廠的問題,提出相關想法與建議。
    Abstract
    The operation of unregistered factories on agricultural land has long been a difficult issue for the government to address. The challenge lies in the undeniable contribution of these unregistered factories to the national economic development and their economic value. Most of these operators choose to build factories on agricultural land to reduce land purchase costs, taking the risk of non-compliance. Others build factories directly on conveniently located agricultural land near transportation routes or on the outskirts of industrial parks due to the unavailability of suitable land.
    Disorderly land use has gradually led to difficulties in development management, posing potential threats to overall environmental, regional development, and safety concerns. According to the results of agricultural land and resources inventory by the Council of Agriculture, the conversion of agricultural land for industrial use is the highest (approximately 15,000 hectares), followed by residential use (about 10,000 hectares), with these figures showing an upward trend. Literature reviews have demonstrated that the reasons for the establishment of unregistered factories are mainly cost considerations, transportation factors, and industrial clustering. Additionally, long-term government failure in land control and the lack of clear upper-level planning and guidance for land development have often resulted in land use changes tailored to applicants' needs, neglecting the overall regional relationships. This leads to the proliferation of factories on agricultural land, damaging the surrounding agricultural environment, safety, tranquility, and environmental protection.
    This study attempts to use industrial location theory to consolidate possible influencing factors of industrial location selection, explaining the process and trend of industrial migration from urban core areas to peripheral agricultural areas. Focusing on the spatial distribution of unregistered factories in different locations, using New Taipei City as an example, the study reviews and analyzes the difficulties and problems encountered when applying for land use changes for specific factories that have been regulated and improved.
    Finally, under the upcoming comprehensive implementation of the National Land Planning Permit System, the study explores the mechanism of new or expanded urban planning for areas where unregistered factories are clustered and have significant scale or strong local industrial links. It reviews the relevance of the land use spatial distribution and permit change system under urban land use management mechanisms, aiming to find effective regulatory measures for unregistered factories. The study proposes relevant ideas and suggestions for appropriately addressing the issue of unregistered factories based on the specific conditions and characteristics of the land.
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    三、網頁部分
    1. 內政部營建署,2017,國土計畫法專區,http://www.cpami.gov.tw/ 最新消息/業務新訊/10182-國土計畫法專區.html。
    2. 內政部國土管理署:法規公告:國土計畫法:網址:https://www.nlma.gov.tw/最新消息/法規公告/19499-國土計畫法.html
    3. 內政部統計年報網址: https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/400/relfile/0/4405/48349492-6f8c-453b-a9d1-4a8f0593b979/year.html
    4. 全國法規資料庫網址: https://law.moj.gov.tw/LawClass/LawAll.aspx?pcode=J0030043
    5. 司法院大法官網:https://cons.judicial.gov.tw/jcc/zh-tw/jep03/show?expno=426
    6. 新北市政府經濟發展局網站https://www.economic.ntpc.gov.tw
    7. 彰化縣政府地政局網站https://land.chcg.gov.tw/07other/other01_con.aspx?topsn=5945&cate_id=5946&data_id=22777
    8. 經濟部中部辦公室_工廠管理輔導法-特定工廠登記及未登記工廠專區:
    https://www.cto.moea.gov.tw/FactoryMCLA/web/law/list.php?cid=1
    9. 經濟部統計處_工廠營運調查https://www.moea.gov.tw/mns/dos/bulletin/Bulletin.aspx?kind=17&html=1&menu_id=9773&bull_id=9787
    10. 經濟部全球資訊網: https://www.moea.gov.tw/MNS/populace/news/News.aspx?kind=1&menu_id=40&news_id=110823
    11.監查院>監察成果查詢>調查報告>網址:https://www.cy.gov.tw/CyBsBoxContent.aspx?n=133&s=17824
    四、 其他
    1. 內政部公告版_預告訂定「國土計畫使用許可程序辦法」(草案),行政院公報,第030卷,第076期,113年4月25日。
    2. 內政部公告版_預告訂定「國土計畫土地使用管制規則」(草案),行政院公報,第030卷,第077期,113年4月26日。
    3. 內政部公告版_預告訂定「一定規模以上或性質特殊土地申請許可認定標準」(草案),行政院公報,第028卷,第131期,111年7月14日。
    4. 財團法人都市發展與環境教育基金會,2011,「委託辦理國土計畫法使用許可制度及銜接相關法規之重要議題探討」總結成果報告,內政部營建署委託研究計畫報告。頁4-1~4-29。
    5. 新北市國土計畫實施公告版,110年4月版。
    6. 新北市國土功能分區繪製說明書111年11月版。
    7. 彰化縣國土計畫實施公告版,110年04月版。
    8. 彰化縣_「擬定彰化水五金田園生產聚落特定區主要計畫書」,110年4月7日版。頁5-17~5-25。
    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    地政學系碩士在職專班
    106923028
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0106923028
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[地政學系] 學位論文

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