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    Title: 娛樂意識形態化:中國流行文化治理的類型分析(2008~2022)
    Entertainment Ideologization: A Typological Analysis of Popular Culture Governance in China(2008~2022)
    Authors: 林疋愔
    Lin, Ya-Yin
    Contributors: 王信賢
    Wang, Hsin-Hsien
    林疋愔
    Lin, Ya-Yin
    Keywords: 硬核
    保護帶
    攏絡
    壓制
    宣傳系統
    流行文化
    娛樂意識形態化
    Hard Core
    Protective Belt
    Co-optation
    Repression
    Propaganda System
    Pop Culture
    Entertainment Ideologization
    Date: 2024
    Issue Date: 2024-09-04 14:23:18 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 威權國家如何進行意識形態工作確保公眾對政權的服從,向來是經典的「中國研究」議題。隨著流行文化影響中國社會漸鉅,中國共產黨認知到其塑造大眾思想的潛力,進而強化宣傳系統的控制及引導。本文整合出一個類型學分析架構來解析中國流行文化治理的成因、策略與影響,在實證研究部分,以2008年至2022年的央視春晚、電影、網路遊戲為案例。本文從中共「意識形態內涵」組成的理論出發, 區分不可變動的「硬核」與可創新實踐的「保護帶」,配置出「禁止」、「轉變」、「假借」、「接合」四種策略。研究指出,黨國為維護意識形態,對越屬內層「保護帶」的春晚越採取攏絡手段,對越外層的網路遊戲則是越採取壓制手段,對介於中間的電影則是採取更巧妙的支配。而透過跨領導人時期的比較,亦可觀察到習近平第二任期出現主旋律產品大量湧現「娛樂意識形態化」趨勢。有鑑於此,本文希望藉由比較研究與類型學分析,逐步呈現中國流行文化治理的整體圖像。
    How the authoritarian state ensures public obedience through ideological work to the regime has always been a classic topic in “China studies.” As pop culture increasingly influences Chinese society, the CCP has recognized its potential to shape public thought, thereby strengthening control and guidance over the propaganda system. This article aims at building up a typological analysis framework to analyze the causes, strategies, and impacts of China’s governance of pop culture. Empirically, it uses CCTV’s Spring Festival Gala, movies, and online games from 2008 to 2022 as case studies. Starting from the theoretical composition of the CCP’s “ideological content,” the paper distinguishes between the immutable “hard core” and the innovatively practicable “protective belt,” configuring four strategies: “prohibition,” “transformation,” “pretension,” and “convergence.” The study points out that to maintain ideology, the state employs more co-opting measures for the Spring Festival Gala, which belongs to the inner layer of the “protective belt,” more repressive measures for online games, which belong to the outer layer, and more nuanced, dual tactics for movies, which lie in between. A comparative analysis across different leadership periods also reveals a trend of “entertainment ideologization” with the surge of main melody products during Xi Jinping’s second term. In view of this, this article hopes to gradually present an overall picture of China’s governance of pop culture through comparative studies and typological analysis.
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