政大機構典藏-National Chengchi University Institutional Repository(NCCUR):Item 140.119/153229

政大機構典藏-National Chengchi University Institutional Repository(NCCUR):Item 140.119/153229

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题名:	緬甸的軍事政變與民主政治的變局 Portraying Changing Faces of Military Coup and Its Implications to Democracy in Myanmar
作者:	曾孟揚 Tseng, Meng-Yang
贡献者:	楊昊 Yang, Hao 曾孟揚 Tseng, Meng-Yang
关键词:	緬甸軍事政變民主過渡全國民主聯盟政治發展憲法改革國際反應戒律式民主軍文關係 Myanmar Military Coups Democratic Transition National League for Democracy (NLD) Political Development Constitutional Reform International Response Disciplined Democracy Civil-Military Relations
日期:	2024
上传时间:	2024-09-04 14:22:55 (UTC+8)
摘要:	本文探討了緬甸的軍事政變及其對民主政治的影響。研究分析了從全國民主聯盟（NLD）在2015年和2020年選舉中取得勝利，到2021年軍事政變的過程，及此事件對緬甸民主進程的深遠影響。論文採用了歷史分析法，詳細回顧了緬甸從殖民時期到獨立後的政治發展，並重點分析了軍政府與民選政府之間的關係演變。　　研究發現，緬甸的民主化進程受到多重內外部因素的影響，其中軍方的政治角色尤為關鍵。軍方長期掌握政治權力並透過憲法賦予自身廣泛的政治與行政權力，形成了所謂的「戒律式民主」，嚴重制約了民主制度的發展。此外，軍事政變常常是在軍方感受到政權威脅時發動，特別是在民選政府試圖修憲削弱軍方權力時更是如此。　　2021年的政變不僅終結了緬甸短暫的民主開放期，也暴露了國內外對緬甸政治未來的深刻擔憂。軍方推翻民選政府後，國際社會的反應迅速而強烈，但國內外的壓力未能阻止軍政府鞏固權力。本文通過對緬甸軍事政變的案例分析，不僅揭示了軍政府與民主政治之間錯綜複雜的關係，也對緬甸未來的政治發展提出了重要的政策建議。　　最後，國際社會應加強對緬甸的支持，促進政治對話與和平過渡，並支援緬甸在法治、民主治理及人權保護方面的努力。只有通過全面的國內外合作與持續的國際壓力，緬甸才可能重回民主化的道路。 This thesis examines the military coups in Myanmar, focusing on their impact on democratic processes, particularly following the National League for Democracy's (NLD) electoral victories in 2015 and 2020, leading up to the 2021 military coup. Utilizing historical analysis, this study traces Myanmar's political trajectory from colonial rule to modern day, highlighting the complex interrelations between military juntas and elected governments. The findings reveal that Myanmar’s democratization is significantly hindered by the military’s entrenched power, legitimized extensively by the 2008 Constitution, which promotes a "Disciplined Democracy" that restricts genuine democratic governance. The study suggests that military coups are often prompted by perceived threats to military authority, especially when democratic reforms threaten its interests. The 2021 coup marked a critical setback in Myanmar’s democratic development, eliciting a strong international response, yet insufficient to deter the junta’s grip on power. The thesis underscores the importance of international support for Myanmar’s democratic transition, advocating for enhanced political dialogue, and supports for legal and democratic governance. The study concludes that Myanmar’s journey towards democracy is complex and requires sustained domestic and international collaborative efforts to overcome significant challenges.
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描述:	碩士國立政治大學東亞研究所 109260006
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