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    题名: 第四世紀埃及沙漠教父伊瓦格魯斯的思想
    The Thought of the Fourth Century Egyptian Desert Father Evagrius of Ponticus
    作者: 崔國瑜
    贡献者: 歷史系
    关键词: 伊瓦格魯斯;早期基督宗教史;苦修主義;神秘主義;諾斯底主義
    Evagrius of Ponticus;early Christianity;asceticism;mysticism;Gnosticism
    日期: 2020-04
    上传时间: 2024-08-15
    摘要: 本研究計畫將分三階段，在早期基督宗教歷史中之苦修主義、神秘主義及諾斯底主義傳 統的發展脈絡下，探索第四世紀埃及沙漠教父伊瓦格魯斯的作品。伊瓦格魯斯是基督宗教苦 修主義以及神秘主義兩樣傳統中之重要人物。本研究計畫的第一階段將以伊瓦格魯斯的作品 為基礎，在與當代研究成果對話當中，去明晰苦修主義與神秘主義兩者之間的關係。本研究 計畫的第二階段將著眼於伊瓦格魯斯苦修理論當中的「操練」概念。早期基督宗教的苦修主 義將上古希臘哲學中的「操練」概念擴展，由原先只限於「精神」方面的操練，延伸至「精 神」與「身體」兩方面的操練。近古時期基督宗教所促成之人觀上的變革，使得「身體」不 再被貶抑為較不重要的部分，如先前柏拉圖主義所主張的一般。然而，深受奧利根影響的伊 瓦格魯斯，應亦承襲了奧利根思想中的柏拉圖主義，故伊瓦格魯斯對於身體的思想很可能顯 示出模擬兩可的意味。這將可由探討伊瓦格魯斯作品中「操練」、「身體」，與「身體復活」之 概念而得知。再者，伊瓦格魯斯提供修道士門徒們靈修指導，並根據聖經詮釋來教導「救贖 的知識」。然而，在他的教導上，伊瓦格魯斯有意將某些方面「秘傳」。據此，本研究計畫的 第三階段將探討伊瓦格魯斯的秘傳思想與基督宗教諾斯底主義的關係，並進一步分辨伊瓦格 魯斯的諾斯底主義傾向如何相似與有別於其苦修主義與神秘主義。最後，伊瓦格魯斯的思想 整體也將被檢視，以助吾人理解早期基督宗教歷史中苦修主義、神秘主義，與諾斯底主義等 潮流之間的關係。
    This research project will explore in three stages the writings of the fourth century Egyptian desert father Evagrius of Ponticus (345-399) in the context of the development of the traditions of asceticism, mysticism, and Gnosticism in early Christianity. Evagrius is a singular figure in the history of Christian asceticism and mysticism. In the first stage, in dialogue with contemporary studies, I will examine the intricate relationship between these two modes of devotional thought and practice as they were developed in Evagrius’ work. At the second stage of this project, I will focus on the concept of askesis in Evagrius’ ascetic theory. Christian asceticism extended the Greek philosophical notion of askesis as spiritual exercise to practices aimed at encompassing both the spiritual and bodily dimensions. The bodily dimension was no longer deprecated as a lesser part of the person as in Platonism. This had to do with the revolutionary breakthrough in the definition of a person made possible by Christian anthropology. However, deeply influenced by Origen, who extensively appropriated Platonism in constructing his theology, Evagrius may have had an ambivalent attitude toward the body. I would thus like to discern how this ambivalence might have played out in Evagrius’ thought by exploring the ideas of askesis, body, and resurrection of the body in his work. Thirdly, Evagrius offered spiritual guidance and taught gnosis (i.e., knowledge of salvation) to his monastic disciples on the basis of his biblical interpretation. However, in his monastic pedagogy, Evagrius presented certain aspects of his teaching in a deliberately esoteric fashion. I will review and examine this relationship between Evagrius’ esoteric teaching methods and Christian Gnostic traditions, and then explore further how Evagrius’ Gnosticism may be similar to and distinguished from asceticism and mysticism. In the conclusion of this research, Evagrius’ thought as a whole will be considered in view of the ways it enlightens our understanding of the traditions of asceticism, mysticism, and Gnosticism as they were developed in early Christianity.
    關聯: 科技部, MOST105-2410-H004-128-MY3, 105.08-108.07
    数据类型: report
    显示于类别:[歷史學系] 國科會研究計畫

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