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    Title: 惹人憐愛的輸家：芝加哥與芝加哥小熊隊，1970-1983(II)
    Lovable Losers: Chicago and the Cubs, 1970-1983 (Year Ii)
    Authors: 周一騰
    Contributors: 歷史系
    Keywords: 1970年代;棒球;芝加哥;芝加哥小熊隊;LGBT社群;種族關係
    1970s;baseball;Chicago;Chicago Cubs;LGBT community;race relations
    Date: 2019-09
    Issue Date: 2024-08-15
    Abstract: 惹人憐愛的輸家:芝加哥與芝加哥小熊隊,1970-1983 (第二年計畫) 　我的研究計畫界於運動史與城市史的交岔口。我結合了芝加哥的歷史與芝加哥國家聯盟棒球隊—小熊隊—的歷史。我的研究重點在1970年代，特別是1970年到1983年，一個對於芝加哥和芝加哥小熊隊兩者而言都是經歷挫折與退步的時期。　　在1970年代之時，芝加哥飽受高謀殺率、種族上的動盪不安（包括了芝加哥白種人口銳減近百分之三十的“白人大逃逸”現象）、以及持續下降的藍領階級經濟狀況等種種問題的困擾。而芝加哥小熊隊所處的困境正反映了這個城市的困境。這支球隊並不具競爭性，只在1970年及1983年之間享有三個贏家季。除此之外，芝加哥小熊隊還被外界認為，他們不如其他的職業棒球隊伍那般樂於接納非裔及拉丁美洲裔的選手。 我也發現這個時期的復甦跡象，不論是屬於芝加哥城市或是屬於芝加哥小熊隊。芝加哥開始轉變成為「新經濟」(New Economy)的型態，擁有新興的資訊服務，而旅遊業也取代傳統的製造業和食品加工產業。在1970年早期開始，芝加哥歷經了如洪水猛獸般襲來的政治與社群事件的多樣化聲音。芝加哥的非裔美國人政治大覺醒挑戰了芝加哥民主黨的政治機器運作，最終以1983年選出的第一位非裔美國人市長哈羅‧華盛頓(Harold Washington)而達到顛峰。芝加哥的政治氛圍包括了逐漸攀升的西班牙裔運動，以及有始以來的第一回亞裔美國人及LGBT人士的運動。「男孩鎮」(Boystown)是美國第一個被正式承認的男同志村，和芝加哥小熊隊一樣從芝加哥的大湖景區(Lake View)發跡。芝加哥小熊隊在1980年代早期易主並重建隊伍，擴展它們的品牌成為具有國家級魅力的經典隊伍－一個名符其實的「惹人憐愛的輸家」。　　雖然美國運動史領域已在過去三十年間大為興盛，我仍冀望提供運動史一個更具深度的棒球隊伍品牌。經由使用當時的媒體資料，包括了非裔美國人、白種少數族裔、以及LGBT的史料資源，我期盼再重述處於一個重要轉變時期的芝加哥小熊隊歷史（以及芝加哥、芝加哥居民、和芝加哥社區的歷史）。
    My research project is situated at the intersection of sports history and urban history. I combine the histories of Chicago and of the Chicago National League baseball team, the Chicago Cubs. My focus is on the long 1970s, specifically the years 1970-1983, an era of distress and decline for both the Cubs and the city of Chicago. During the 1970s, Chicago was beset by a high murder rate, racial unrest – including “white flight” that saw the city’s white population decrease by nearly 30% – and the continued decline of the blue-collar economy. The Chicago Cubs’ plight mirrored that of the city. The team was not competitive, enjoying only three winning seasons between 1970 and 1983. Moreover, the Cubs were perceived to have failed to embrace black and Latin American players as thoroughly as other professional baseball teams. I also find signs of renewal during this era, both for the city of Chicago and the Cubs. Chicago began a transformation to a New Economy, with growing information-based, service, and tourist sectors replacing traditional manufacturing and food processing sectors. Beginning in the early 1970s, Chicago experienced an explosion of diverse voices in political and community affairs. An African-American political awakening in Chicago challenged Chicago Democratic political machine politics, culminating in the 1983 election of Harold Washington, the city’s first African-American mayor. Chicago politics included a growing Hispanic movement and, for the first time, Asian-American and LGBT movements. The first officially recognized gay village in the United States, Boystown, developed in Lake View, the same Chicago district that is the home of the Cubs. By the early 1980s and under new ownership, the Cubs similarly rebuilt, expanding their brand to become an iconic team with national appeal, truly “Lovable Losers.” While the field of American sports history has thrived over the past thirty years, I hope to give a more complicated brand of sports history. Using contemporary media from the time, including African-American, white ethnic, and LGBT sources, I hope to retell the history of the Cubs – and Chicago, its people, and its neighborhoods – during an era of significant change.
    Relation: 科技部, MOST107-2410-H004-007, 107.08-108.07
    Data Type: report
    Appears in Collections:[Department of History] NSC Projects

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