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    題名: 海峽兩岸散發正能量:探討台灣媒體發布的正能量內容
    Positive Energy Across the Taiwan Strait: An Analysis of Positive Energy Stories in the Taiwanese Media
    作者: 嘉博
    Hewitt, Jasper
    貢獻者: 卞中佩
    Pien, Chung-Pei
    嘉博
    Hewitt, Jasper
    關鍵詞: 正能量
    中國宣傳
    台灣媒體
    共同創作
    跨媒體敘述
    Positive Energy
    Chinese Propaganda
    Taiwanese Media
    Co-creation
    Transmedia Storytelling
    日期: 2024
    上傳時間: 2024-08-05 13:00:24 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 自 2012 年“正能量”在中國流行起來後，中國政府挪用該詞並賦予其愛國內涵。這些愛 國版本現已主導了中國對正能量的公共理解(collec*ve intelligence) (Yang and Tang 2018, 16; Triggs 2018, 94; Chen et al. 2021, 108)。正能量在中國流行後，該詞在臺灣新 聞媒體中也開始流行起來。本文探討《中國時報》與《自由時報》在 2012 年至 2017 年間，如何使用正能量，為此，我將針對 1,772 篇新聞文章和 Facebook 貼文進行分類 為六個類別的作業:模範公民、政治、奮鬥故事、娛樂、積極心理學和其他。模範公 民和政治框架是由中國政府推動的。我透過 Jenkins (2006) 的“共同創作” (co- crea*on) 和“跨媒體敘事” (transmedia storytelling) 理論解釋《中國時報》和《自由 時報》正能量內容之間的差異。正如假設，統計測試的結果確認《中國時報》的正能 量內容與中國的公共理解更為一致。《中國時報》發布了更高比例的模範公民和政治 內容，該內容在 Facebook 的表現較好，並且該內容更多地關注中國和兩岸相關議題， 有時甚至直接散佈中國正能量的宣傳材料。兩家媒體的差異可歸因於《中國時報》早 就進入了中國市場的經濟激勵系統(Huang 2017)。臺灣媒體對中國正能量內容的“共 同創作”顯示了中國宣傳的一種，更加自然且沒有那麼明顯的散佈方式。然而，台灣媒 體發布模範公民和政治相關的正能量內容中，台灣相關的議題扮演最重要的角色，顯 示該散佈方式是有限的。儘管中國政府推動的敘事在海外得到了複製，但愛國的中國 內容往往被替換為臺灣相關的內容。
    After ‘Positive Energy’ (正能量) gained popularity in China in 2012, the Chinese government
    quickly appropriated the term and imbued it with patriotic connotations. These patriotic versions now dominate the ‘collective intelligence’ (i.e., public understanding) of positive energy in China (Yang and Tang 2018, 16; Triggs 2018, 94; Chen et al. 2021, 108). After the term’s popularization in China, Taiwanese news agencies also began using the term. This paper explores how the China Times and Liberty Times used the term between 2012 and 2017 by manually annotating 1772 news articles and Facebook posts into six categories: Model Citizen, Political, Struggle Stories, Entertainment, Positive Psychology, and Other. The Model Citizen and Political frames are the ones pushed by the Chinese government. I use Jenkins’ (2006) theories of ‘co-creation’ and ‘transmedia storytelling’ to explain the difference between the China Times and Liberty Times. As hypothesized, statistical tests confirm that the China Times’ positive energy content aligns more closely with the Chinese ‘collective intelligence’. The China Times publishes a higher proportion of Model Citizen and Political content; this content performs better on Facebook, and it tends to focus more on China and cross-strait related issues. In some instances, the China Times directly published Chinese positive energy propaganda material. The differences between the media outlets are partly due to the China Times’ ‘economic embeddedness’ in the Chinese incentive system (Huang 2017). Taiwanese media outlets’ ‘co-creation’ of Chinese positive energy content represents a subtle, organic way through which Chinese propaganda spreads beyond its borders. However, the dominance of Taiwan-oriented Model Citizen and Political positive energy content also indicates this spread has its limitations. Even though the narratives pushed by the Chinese government are replicated abroad, the patriotic Chinese content is often replaced with Taiwan-centric or other content.
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