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    題名: 逆物流供應鏈之回收品處置決策–以 AS 公司為例
    Disposal Decisions of Recycled Product in Reverse Logistics Supply Chain - Take AS company as an example
    作者: 周思伶
    Chou, Szu-Ling
    貢獻者: 陳立民
    周思伶
    Chou, Szu-Ling
    關鍵詞: 逆物流
    處置決策
    回收再利用
    再製造
    reverse logistics
    disposal decision
    recycling
    remanufacturing
    日期: 2024
    上傳時間: 2024-08-05 12:13:04 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 全球商業長期以來遵循的傳統線性經濟模式，即「採購–生產–使用–丟棄」。隨著人口激增和技術進步，原物料需求急遽擴大，加速地球有限資源的耗竭。為了減緩供需失衡的惡化速度，全球開始推動「製造–使用–循環」的循環經濟，以實現資源的回饋性和再生性。半導體企業也開始擁抱循環經濟的商業模式，透過逆物流供應鏈的系統導入實現封閉的資源循環流程。除了提高消耗性原料的再利用性，亦提升大型機械設備、生產工具及維修工具等使用效率。
    本研究將重點探討半導體設備廠的回收零件，著眼於個案公司 AS 公司的維修零件回收再生的商業模式。透過訪談發現 AS 公司會將退回零件 (Defect 零件和 DOA 零件) 進行檢驗與評估，並根據各項評斷準則的審核結果，決定後續需做哪一項再處理作業。基於各回收品種類有其所屬的特性，各產業對於回收處置決策的評估項目不盡相同，而目前相關主題文獻並未對半導體產業的回收處置決策進行深入著墨。
    因此，本研究透過文獻統整逆物流的主要活動後，將研究重點放置於檢驗和處理階段，歸納過去學者採用之回收處置決策的評估準則，並結合訪談內容羅列出影響此決策的影響因子並設計層級架構，考量面向包含再處理成本面、零件特徵面、零件需求面。近一步透過層級分析法解析專家問卷之內容，發現「零件需求面」為 Defect 零件的回收處置決策是最重要之考量因素；「零件特徵面」為 DOA 零件的回收處置決策是最重要之考量因素。而兩者零件的最後順位皆是再處理成本面，和「目前個案公司實行首要採用的評估準則即為再處理成本面」的結果相異。
    此外，針對在固定週期內拆卸時或機台系統當機進行修機時發現零件外觀及功能耗損的 Defect 零件，應優先採用「再製造 Remanufacture」方案；針對到貨即損但經標準化檢測仍可能存在隱性瑕疵的 DOA 零件，應優先採用「維修 Repair」方案。
    本研究針對實際案例進行深入探討，瞭解個案公司在進行回收處置決策時，最應重視的評估準則及屬性，以及針對不同退回原因的維修零件之最適回收處置方案，其結果亦反映出與過往探討其他產業及回收品的文獻有不同之見解，在實務上幫助半導體設備廠釐清決策時最優先的思考點及優先採取的行動方案。
    Global business development has long adhered to the traditional linear economic model of "purchase-product-use-discard”. However, the exponential growth in population, technological advancements, and the rising demand of raw materials hasten the depletion of the earth's finite resources. To mitigate the imbalance between supply and demand, the global has initiated into the cyclical process of "product-use-recycle" to achieve resource feedback and regeneration. Semiconductor industry has also successively adopted the circular economy business model by implementing reverse logistics supply chain systems to create a closed-loop resource recycling process. This approach not only enhances the reusability of consumable raw materials but also improves the efficiency of utilizing large machinery, production tools, and maintenance tools.
    This study focused on the recycling of parts within semiconductor equipment factories. According to the interview of AS Company, it would first inspect and evaluate the returned parts’ (Defect parts and DOA parts) status by reviewing various criteria. Based on the description of the status, AS Company could then determine the parts’ recovery options. Conceivably, different industries use different criteria for disposal decisions based on the characteristics of each product type. Besides, there is a lack of comprehensive coverage in literature review on the disposal decisions in semiconductor industry.
    To address this gap, this study summarized the primary activities of reverse logistics and organized the criteria of disposal decisions through literature review and company interview. The research hierarchical structure considered aspects such as “Processing cost”, “Characteristics of part”, and “Demand for parts”. This study adopted the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to analyze expert questionnaires. The result showed that "Demand for parts" was the most crucial consideration for disposal decisions of Defect parts. Conversely, "Characteristics of part" is the primary consideration for disposal decisions of DOA parts. And it turned out that “Processing cost” is the last criteria to take into consideration while making disposal decisions of these two repair parts. This result differed from the current evaluation criterion adopted by the case company.
    Additionally, "Remanufacture" solution was recommended to Defect parts and "Repair" should be prioritized to DOA parts. This study helped AS Company identifying the most important criteria and attributes when making disposal decisions for repair parts. The findings contributed to clarifying the primary think points and action plans for semiconductor equipment manufacturers in decision-making processes.
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    描述: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    企業管理研究所(MBA學位學程)
    111363069
    資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0111363069
    資料類型: thesis
    顯示於類別:[企業管理研究所（MBA學位學程）] 學位論文

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