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| Title: | 紛亂的行動者：模擬社群媒體機器人在複雜網絡中對意見極化的影響
Agents of Discord: Modeling the Impact of Social Bots on Opinion Polarization in Complex Networks |
| Authors: | 呂修齊
Lu, Hsiu-Chi |
| Contributors: | 李宣緯
陳人豪
Lee, Hsuan-Wei
Chen, Jen-Hao
呂修齊
Lu, Hsiu-Chi |
| Keywords: | 社群媒體機器人
極化
意見動態
行動者為本模型
社會網絡
Social bots
Polarization
Opinion dynamics
Agent-based model
Social networks |
| Date: | 2024 |
| Issue Date: | 2024-04-01 14:21:40 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 近幾年來，社群媒體機器人的廣泛地存在和對網路的影響已成為相關研究的焦點。過去研究表明，有相當數量在網路上活躍的帳號實際上是由機器人操控，且他們的存在也助長了網路上的意見極化。即便過往已有許多研究與模型談論這些社群媒體機器人對網路社會帶來的負面影響，但目前仍缺乏這些機器人如何透過同時投放於意見連續光譜兩端，造成混亂並導致極化的討論。本研究利用代理人基模型(Agent-based model)，通過進行複雜社交網路的電腦模擬，解釋同時分散在意識光譜兩端的機器人如何加劇社會分歧並造成意見極化。本研究透過改良意見動態模型中的有界信心模型(bounded confidence model)，並將設群媒體機器人行動者投入其中，以研究它們對其他一般人類行動者的影響，進而瞭解它們如何影響了整個網絡的意見動態。
本研究的主要結果如下：（一）在不同類型的社會網絡中，網絡中的意見分布明顯地隨著部屬於意見光譜兩側的機器人比例而極化。(二)這種極化現象，在網絡中行動者特定的包容度(tolerance)和同質性(homophily)範圍內才可觀察到。包容度範圍趨於中間，不高也不低時最容易造成極化，而同質性則與極化程度有單調性。極化現象的發生仰賴於人們的同質互動行為以及有限包容性。(三) 從網絡結構來看，網絡的平均路徑長度和機器人的中心性，也就是意見傳播的速度與機器人在網絡中與其他節點的連接度，對於結果產生了顯著影響。當在封閉的網絡或機器人處於邊緣位置時，極化程度反而不明顯。（四）當機器人採取較中間的立場時與當人類對機器人的信心程度降低時，極化趨勢會被削減。此研究為社群媒體機器人活動對公共意見極化和資訊社會現狀的影響提供了解釋，並引入了複雜系統的研究方法，提供未來相關研究更多元的方向。
The pervasive presence and influence of social bots have become the subject of extensive research in recent years. Studies have revealed that a significant percentage of active accounts are social bots, contributing to the polarization of public sentiment online. Despite numerous studies and models discussing the negative impact of social media bots on online society, there is still a lack of understanding regarding how these bots, when deployed on both ends of the opinion spectrum simultaneously, contribute to confusion and lead to polarized discussions. This study employs an agent-based model in conducting computer simulations of complex social networks, to elucidate how bots, representing diverse ideological perspectives, exacerbate societal divisions. To investigate the dynamics of opinion diffusion and shed light on the phenomenon of polarization caused by the activities of social bots, we introduced bots into a bounded-confidence opinion dynamic model for different social networks, whereby the effects of social bots on other agents were studied to provide a comprehensive understanding of their influence on opinion dynamics.
The simulations showed that: (1) The symmetrical deployment of bots on both sides of the opinion spectrum intensifies polarization. (2) These effects were observed within specific tolerance and homophily ranges, with low and high user tolerances slowing down polarization, while homophily exhibits a monotonous relationship with the degree of polarization. The occurrence of polarization relies on individuals engaging in homogeneous interactions and exhibiting limited inclusiveness. (3) The average path length of the network and the centrality of the bots, which of them refer to the speed of information spread and the connectivity of bots in network, have a significant impact on the result. (4) Polarization tends to be lower when bots adopt moderate positions and humans exhibit reduced confidence in bots. This research not only offers valuable insights into the implications of social bot activities on the polarization of public opinion and current state of digital society but also leverages the research methods of complex systems, providing recommendation approach for future research. |
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| Description: | 碩士
國立政治大學
社會學系
111254003 |
| Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0111254003 |
| Data Type: | thesis |
| Appears in Collections: | [社會學系] 學位論文
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