Loading...
|
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/147307
|
| Title: | 國際民航組織與全球治理：以民航機遭擊落事件為例
ICAO and Global Governance: Case Studies on the Downing of International Civil Aircrafts |
| Authors: | 曾勝美
TSENG, SHENG-MEI |
| Contributors: | 盧業中
LU, YEH-CHUNG
曾勝美
TSENG, SHENG-MEI |
| Keywords: | 國際民用航空組織
全球治理
國際民航
航空安全
芝加哥公約
國際公法
衝突區
擊落民航機
大韓航空007號班機
伊朗航空655號班機
馬來西亞航空17號班機
ICAO
Global Governance
international civil aviation
aviation safety
Chicago Convention
public international law
Conflict Zone
downing of civil aircrafts
Korean Air Lines 007
Iran Air 655
Malaysia Airlines 17 |
| Date: | 2023 |
| Issue Date: | 2023-09-01 16:30:58 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 國際民用航空組織（ICAO），作為聯合國專責技術機構，負責監管全球飛航安全及航空保安，由於內部立法限制以及成員國和各種非國家行為主體的外部影響等因素，嚴重阻礙了ICAO有效行使全球航空安全治理的能力。然，在國際關係領域中相較其他國際組織，對於ICAO「全球治理」模式的學術研究以及對於民航客機遭軍事武器擊落的失事案管轄缺乏探討。因此，本論文運用「分析層次」研究途徑和文獻研究方法，分析ICAO、相關區域組織、國家行為主體和非國家行為主體在處理三個具有歷史意義的民航機擊落案例（大韓航空007號班機、伊朗航空655號班機和馬來西亞航空17號班機），深入探討ICAO作為安全領域中的全球治理行為主體，而非僅是聯合國體系下的技術機構，在現今多層次治理與國家權力讓渡的複雜國際政治情勢下，其組織、立法演變和應對民航機遭擊落失事意外的全球治理動態發展，並發掘ICAO所面臨的現實困境與挑戰。
International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), the specialized technical agency of the United Nations responsible for regulating global aviation safety and security, faces significant limitations due to both internal legislative constraints and external influences from its Member States and various non-state actors. These factors have considerably impeded ICAO`s capacity to exercise effective global aviation safety governance. However, research on its governance patterns in the field of international relations is scant. Moreover, there`s a lack of exploration into the jurisdictional implications of aircraft shootdown accidents and their impact on international relations. Hence, this thesis employs the "levels of analysis" research approach and literature review methods to analyze the dynamics of global governance and interaction patterns among ICAO, relevant regional organizations, state actors, and non-state actors in handling three historically significant cases of civilian aircraft shootdown incidents: Korean Air Lines Flight 007, Iran Air Flight 655, and Malaysia Airlines Flight 17. It delves into ICAO`s role as a global governance actor in the safety domain, beyond being merely a technical agency under the UN system. In the complex international political landscape of multi-level governance and the delegation of national powers, this research explores the organizational and evolution of ICAO and its response to global governance dynamics in addressing incidents of civilian aircraft shootdown accidents. It also uncovers the real-world challenges and dilemmas faced by ICAO. |
| Reference: | 中文部分
書籍
丘宏達著、陳純一修訂。《現代國際法》。三版五刷。臺北：三民書局，2017年。
江啟臣。《國際組織與全球治理概論》。二版。臺北：五南，2011年。
吳英明、林德昌主編。《非政府組織》。第一版。臺北市：商鼎文化，2001年。
姬瑞鵬、陳曦光、許家祺編著。《國際民航組織概論》。北京：北京航空航天大學出版社，2017年。
張有恆。《飛航安全管理》。二版。臺北市：華泰文化，2016年2月。
張亞中、張登及主編。《國際關係總論》。五版。新北市：揚智文化，2020年。
張貴洪。《國際組織與國際關係》。杭州：浙江大學出版社，2004年。超星數字圖書館（Chinamaxx）[電子書]。
黃居正。《國際航空法的理論與實踐》。臺北：新學林出版社，2006年。
楊雪冬、王浩主編。《全球治理》。北京：中央編譯出版社，2015年。
董霖。《國際公法與國際組織：自起源至一九九一年》。初版。臺北市：臺灣商務，民82年（1993年）。
專書篇章
李大中。〈國際衝突、傳統安全與非傳統安全〉。張亞中、張登及主編，《國際關係總論》，第五版，223-254。新北市：揚智文化，2020年。
明居正。〈全球治理：趨勢與侷限〉。吳英明、林德昌主編，《非政府組織》，47-66。臺北市：商鼎文化，2001年。
周志杰。〈國際組織與國際公法〉。張亞中、張登及主編，《國際關係總論》，第五版，281-322。新北市：揚智文化，2020年。
謝來輝譯。〈《天涯成比鄰—全球治理委員會的報告》節選〉。楊雪冬、王浩主編，《全球治理》，141-174。北京：中央編譯出版社，2015年。
期刊論文
宋學文。〈非政府組織（NGOs）在全球治理中之機會與限制：一個政治學的觀點〉。《中國行政評論》。13卷1期（2003年12月）。127-158。
DOI: 10.6635/cpar.2003.13(1).05.
李開盛、薛力。〈非傳統安全理論：概念、流派與特徵〉。《國際政治研究》。第2期（2012年）。93-107。
袁鶴齡。〈全球治理與國際合作：論其策略與困境〉。《全球政治評論》。第4期（2003年10月）。25-45。DOI: 10.29899/JRM.200310.0002
高國柱。〈馬航MH17事件引發的國際法思考〉。《北京航空航天大學學報》。第28卷第1期（2015年）。63-69。http://html.rhhz.net/BJHKHTDXXBSKB/20150109.htm
張亞中。〈全球治理：主體與權力的解析〉。《問題與研究》。第40卷第4期（2001年7月）。1-23。DOI: 10.30390/ISC.200107_40(4).0001
黃居正。〈國際民航組織的立法功能〉。《臺灣國際法季刊》。第2卷第1期（民國94年3月）。32-35。
楊萬柳。〈國際航空排放全球治理的國際視域—以國際民航組織為中心〉。《北京理工大學學報》。第17卷第4期（2015年）。123-128。
DOI: 10.15918/j.jbitss1009-3370.2015.0418
趙勁松。〈國際民航組織與國際航空立法的發展〉。《重慶科技學院院報》。第3期。2008年10月。59-60。
劉坤億。〈全球治理的理想與現實〉。《中國行政評論》。第13卷第1期（2003年12月）。29-56。http://dx.doi.org/10.6635/cpar.2003.13(1).02
蕭力愷。〈全球化與全球治理〉。《競爭力評論》。第7期（2005年7月）。24-34。
薛磊。〈馬航空難與民用航空安全治理〉。《國際展望》。第1期（2015年）。139-151。擷自「上海國際問題研究院」網站：http://www.siis.org.cn/Research/Info/5180
鍾京佑。〈全球治理與國際建制：行為主體與行為模式〉。《國際關係學報》。第21期（2006年）。113-139。
博碩士學位論文
王君毅。〈國際民航組織之研究〉。國立政治大學外交學系戰略與國際事務碩士在職專班。碩士論文。民國100年。
李于彤。〈全球治理模式下美國反恐政策的發展—以歐巴馬政府時期為例〉。國立政治大學外交學系研究所。碩士論文。民國108年7月。
官方文件
國際民用航空組織（ICAO）。〈衝突區〉。AN-Conf/13-WP/45工作文件（中文）。第十三次空中航行會議。加拿大蒙特利爾：2018年10月9日至19日。https://www.icao.int/Meetings/anconf13/Documents/WP/wp_045_zh.pdf
國際民用航空組織。《衝突區上空或附近民用航空器運行風險評估手册》（第10084號文件）。第2版。手冊。加拿大蒙特利爾：2018年。
聯合國。〈秘書長關於聯合國工作的報告〉。大會正式記錄：第三十九屆會議，補編第1號(A/39/1)。中文版下載自：https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/104095?ln=en。
網際網路
中央通訊社。〈IATA：擊落馬航違反國際法〉。2014年7月22日。檢自：https://www.cna.com.tw/news/aopl/201407220158.aspx。
中央通訊社。〈近年被軍事武器擊落的民航機〉。《中時電子報》，2014年7月18日。檢自：https://www.chinatimes.com/realtimenews/20140718005115-260408。
中國新聞網。〈俄羅斯反對 安理會否決設立馬航MH17國際法庭〉。2015年7月29日。檢自：http://www.chinanews.com/gj/2015/07-30/7436242.shtml。
影音資料
國家地理頻道。〈Deadly Airspace〉。《空中浩劫》（Air Crash Investigation）。紀錄片。第18季第4集。加拿大：Cineflix製作，2018。
國家地理頻道。〈Mistaken Identity〉。《空中浩劫》（Air Crash Investigation）。紀錄片。第3季第6集。加拿大：Cineflix製作，2005年。
國家地理頻道。〈Target is Destroyed〉。《空中浩劫》（Air Crash Investigation）。紀錄片。第9季第5集。加拿大：Cineflix製作，2010年。
Discovery（探索頻道）。〈歷史謎團：韓航007號航班〉（Unsolved History-Flight KAL-007）。紀錄片。第2季第18集。
Netflix（網飛）。《MH370：消失的馬航客機》(MH370: The Plane That Disappeared)。紀錄片。2023年3月8日開播。Louise Malkinson執導。英國：Raw TV製作。 https://www.netflix.com/tw/title/81307163。
英文部分
書籍
Abeyratne, Ruwantissa. Aeropolitics. New York: Nova Science Publishers, 2009.
Abeyratne, Ruwantissa. Aviation and International Cooperation. Switzerland: Springer International, 2015.
[eBook] https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-319-17022-0.
Abeyratne, Ruwantissa. Convention on International Civil Aviation: A Commentary. Switzerland: Springer International Publishing, 2014.
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-00068-8.
Alvarez, José E.. International Organizations as Law-Makers. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006.
Buergenthal, Thomas. Law-Making in the International Civil Aviation Organization. New York: Syracuse University Press, 1969.
Buzan, Barry. People, States, and Fear: An Agenda for International Security Studies in the Post-cold War Era. Boulder, Colorado: L. Rienner, 1991.
Claude, Inis L., Jr.. Swords into Plowshares: The Problems and Progress of International Organization. 1st ed., New York: Random House, 1956. 2nd ed., revised and enlarged. New York: Random House, 1959. 3rd ed., New York: Random, 1964. 4th ed., with new Preface. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1984.
Coldrick, A. Percy, and Philip Jones. The International Directory of the Trade Union Movement: A Comprehensive Guide to Trade Union Conditions and Industrial Relations in Each Country. New York: Macmillan, 1979.
Commission on Global Governance. Our Global Neighborhood: Report of the Commission on Global Governance. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995.
Dallin, Alexander. Black Box: KAL 007 and the Superpowers. University of California Press, 1985.
Groenewege, Adrianus D.. The Compendium of International Civil Aviation. 2nd ed. International Air Transport Association (IATA), 1999.
Harrison, John. International Aviation and Terrorism: Evolving Threats, Evolving Security. Oxon: Routledge, 2009.
Hersh, Seymour M.. The Target Is Destroyed: What Really Happened To Flight 007 And What America Really Knew About It. Random House, 1985.
Irike, Akira. Global Community: The Role of International Organizations in the Making of the Contemporary World. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 2002.
Jordan, Robert S., and Clive Archer, Gregory P. Granger, Kerry Ordes. International Organizations: A Comparative Approach to the Management of Cooperation. 4th ed. London: Praeger, 2001.
Karns, Margret P., Karen A. Mingst, and Kendall W. Stiles. International Organizations: The Politics and Processes of Global Governance. 3rd ed. Boulder, CO: Lynn Rienner Publishers, 2015.
Kihl, Young W.. Conflict Issues and International Civil Aviation Decisions: Three Cases. Denver, Colorado: University of Denver, 1971.
van der Pijl, Kees. Flight MH17, Ukraine and the New Cold War: Prism of Disaster. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2018.
Reisman, W. Michael, and Andrew R.Willard, ed. International Incidents: The Law That Counts in World Politics. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1988.
Romera, Beatriz Martinez. Regime Interaction and Climate Change: The Case of International Aviation and Maritime Transport. Abingdon, Oxon; New York: Routledge, 2017.
Rosenau, James N. and Ernst-Otto Czempiel, ed. Governance without Government: Order and Change in World Politics. Cambridge: University of Cambridge Press, 1992.
Sakwa, Richard. Frontline Ukraine: Crisis in the Borderlands. London: Bloomsbury, 2014.
Schenkman, Jacob. International Civil Aviation Organization. Docteur ès Science politiques, Etudes d`histoire économique, politique et sociale xiv. Genève: Libraire E. Droz, 1955.
Weber, Ludwig. International Civil Aviation Organization: An Introduction. The Netherlands: Kluwer Law International, 2007.
Zhang, Luping. The Resolution of Inter-State Disputes in Civil Aviation. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 6 Jan 2022. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192849274.001.0001.
專書篇章
Bloomfield, Lincoln. “Research in the International Organization Field: Some Notes on the Need for a 45-Degree Turn.” Paper read at the conference on Research on International Organization, University of California, Berkeley, January 6-8, 1967. In Young W. Kihl, Conflict Issues and International Civil Aviation Decisions: Three Cases. Colorado: University of Denver, 1971.
期刊論文
Abeyratne, Ruwantissa. “Civil Air Transport over Conflict Zones-ICAO’s Role in Risk Management.” Zeitschrift fur Luft- und Weltraumrecht - German Journal of Air and Space Law 64, no. 1 (2015): 18-29.
Abeyratne, Ruwantissa. “The Role of Civil Aviation in Securing Peace.” International Journal on World Peace 19, no. 2 (Jun 2002): 53-81. https://www.jstor.org/stable/20753355
Abeyratne, Ruwantissa. “The Role of Diplomacy in Dispute Settlement in Civil Aviation.” International Journal of Applied Aviation Studies 5, no. 1 (2005): 195-211.
Bennett, A. LeRoy. “Reviewed Swords into Plowshares: The Problems and Progress of International Organization by Inis L. Claude.” Midwest Journal of Political Science 1, no. 3/4 (Nov 1957): 365-366.
de Hoon, M.. “Navigating the Legal Horizon: Lawyering the MH17 Disaster.” Utrecht Journal of International and European Law 33, no. 84 (12 Apr 2017): 90-119.
DOI: http://doi.org/10.5334/ujiel.368.
Eilstrup-Sangiovanni, Mette. “Ordering global governance complexes: The evolution of the governance complex for international civil aviation.” The Review of International Organizations 17 (27 Feb 2022): 293-322. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11558-020-09411-z.
Gibney, Mark. “The Downing of MH17: Russian Responsibility.” Human Rights Law Review 15, no. 1 (Mar 2015): 169-178.
Hassan, Farooq. “A Legal Analysis of the Shooting of Korean Airlines Flight 007 by the Soviet Union,” Journal of Air Law & Commerce 49 (1984): 555-588. https://scholar.smu.edu/jalc/vol49/iss3/3.
Hughes, William J.. “Aerial Intrusions by Civil Airliners and the Use of Force.” Journal of Air Law & Commerce 45, no. 3 (1980): 595-620. https://scholar.smu.edu/jalc/vol45/iss3/3.
Jönsson, Christer. “Sphere of Flying: The Politics of International Aviation.” International Organization 35, no. 2 (Spring 1981): 273-302. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2706476.
Kellman, Barry. “MH17 and the Missile Threat to Aviation.” American Society of International Law (ASIL) Insight 18, no. 19 (08 Sep 2014). https://www.asil.org/insights/volume/18/issue/19/MH17-and-missile-threat-aviation.
Kinsley-Jones, Max. “MH17 ‘Must Alter Intelligence Sharing’,” Airline Business 30, no. 9 (Nov 2014): 18-19.
“Legal Argumentation in International Crises: The Downing of Korean Air Lines Flight 007.” Harvard Law Review 97, no. 5 (1984): 1198-1213. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1340829. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1340829.
Linnan, David K.. “Iran Air Flight 655 and Beyond: Free Passage, Mistaken Self-Defense, and State Responsibility.” The Yale Journal of International Law. 16, no. 2 (Summer 1991): 245-389. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/72837409.pdf.
Lowenfeld, Andreas F.. “Looking Back and Looking Ahead.” American Journal of International Law 83, no. 2 (24 April 1989): 336-341. Cambridge University Press.
https://www.jstor.org/stable/2202745. DOI: http://doi.org/10.2307/2202745.
Morgan, Craig A.. “The Downing of Korean Air Lines Flight 007.” Yale Journal of International Law 11, no. 231 (1985): 231-257.
Singer, John David. “The Level-of-Analysis Problem in International Relations,” World Politics 14, no. 1 (1961): 77-92.
博碩士學位論文
Brisson, Julie. “Civil Aviation Safety in Russia: The State of Compliance.” Master thesis. Canada: McGill University. 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/-?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=104674&silo_library=GEN01.
http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/webclient/StreamGate?folder_id=0&dvs=1560179763797~502.
Engvers, Alexander. “The Principle of Sovereignty in the Air: To What Extend Can It Be Upheld against Aerial Intruders?” Master thesis. Sweden: University of Lund. 2001.
https://lup.lub.lu.se/luur/download?func=downloadFile&recordOId=1557232&fileOId=1564253.
Gharabagh, Mansour Jabbari. “Use of Weapons Against Civil Aircraft: Case Study of IR655 in the Light of International Law.” Master’s thesis. Institute of Air and Space Law, McGill University: Montreal, Canada. 1992. https://escholarship.mcgill.ca/concern/theses/h989r388r?locale=en.
官方文件
Council of Europe. “Ensuring accountability for the downing of flight MH 17.” (AS/Jur 2022). Parliamentary Assembly. Committee on Legal Affairs and Human Rights. Adopted 23 May 2022.
European Civil Aviation Conference (ECAC). “Accident Investigation.” Magazine. ECACNews 75 (Spring 2022). https://www.ecac-ceac.org/images/news/ecac-news/ECAC-News_75_Accident_Investigations.pdf.
Fogarty, William M.. “Investigation report: Formal investigation into the circumstances surrounding the downing of Iran Air Flight 655 on July 3, 1988.” United States Department of Defense, 1988. https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/ADA203577.pdf.
Government of the Netherlands. “Crash MH17, 17 July 2014.” Dutch Safety Board (DSB). Accessed 24 May 2023. https://www.onderzoeksraad.nl/en/page/3546/crash-MH17-17-july-2014.
Government of the Netherlands. “The Criminal Investigation.” Accessed 24 May 2023. https://www.government.nl/topics/mh17-incident/achieving-justice/the-criminal-investigation.
Government of the Netherlands. “Dutch and Australian Foreign Ministers meet to discuss state responsibility of Russia in downing of MAS17.” 25 Sep 2018. Accessed 24 May 2023, from: https://www.government.nl/topics/MAS17-incident/news/2018/09/25/dutch-and-australian-foreign-ministers-meet-to-discuss-state-responsibility-of-russia-in-downing-of-MAS17.
Government of the Netherlands. “Investigation by the Dutch Safety Board.” Accessed 24 May 2023, from: https://www.government.nl/topics/MAS17-incident/investigation-by-the-dutch-safety-board.
International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO). “24th Session of the Assembly, Montreal, 20 September–7 October 1983.” Accessed from: https://www.icao.int/Meetings/AMC/Pages/Archived-Assembly.aspx?Assembly=a24.
ICAO. “Accident Investigation Section (AIG).” Accessed 24 May 2023. https://www.icao.int/safety/airnavigation/AIG/Pages/default.aspx.
ICAO. “Air Navigation Commission (ANC).” Updated 4 May 2023. https://www.icao.int/about-icao/AirNavigationCommission/Pages/default.aspx.
ICAO. “Airbus A300B2, EP-IBU, accident in the vicinity of Qeshm Island, Islamic Republic of Iran on 3 July 1988. Report released by ICAO.” Accessed from: https://reports.aviation-safety.net/1988/19880703-0_A30B_EP-IBU.pdf.
ICAO. Annex 1-18 (Convention on International Civil Aviation). Booklet info. https://www.icao.int/Documents/annexes_booklet.pdf.
ICAO. Annex 13 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation: Aircraft Accident and Incident Investigation. 12th ed. May 2020.
ICAO. “Clarification on Airspace Safety Management.” News Releases. 13 Jan 2020. https://www.icao.int/Newsroom/Pages/Clarification-on-Airspace-Safety-Management.aspx.
ICAO. “Collaborative Arrangement for the Prevention and Management of Public Health Events in Civil Aviation - CAPSCA.” Accessed 02 May 2023. https://www.icao.int/safety/CAPSCA/Pages/About-CAPSCA.aspx.
ICAO. “Conflict Zones” (AN-Conf/13-WP/45, Revision No. 1). ICAO 13th Air Navigation Conference. 10 Sep 2018. Retrieved from: https://www.icao.int/Meetings/anconf13/Documents/WP/wp_045_rev1_en.pdf.
ICAO. Convention on International Civil Aviation. Montreal: ICAO, 1944. Doc 7300/9. 9th ed. Montreal: ICAO, 2006. https://www.icao.int/publications/Pages/doc7300.aspx.
ICAO. ICAO Council Resolution of June 4, 1973 (ICAO Doc. 9073-C/1011, C-Min 79/4).
ICAO. “Destruction of Korean Air Lines Flight 007 on 31 August 1983.” (Document Ref. LE 4/19.4-93/68). Attachment B to State letter 93/68-Report of the Completion of the ICAO Fact-Finding Investigation. 16 July 1993.
ICAO. “Excerpts from Report of ICAO Fact-Finding Investigation Pursuant to Decision of ICAO Council of 14 July 1988.” Reprinted in American Journal of International Law 83, no.2 (April 1989). 332-335. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2202744.
ICAO. “ICAO Efforts to Enhance the Credibility and Transparency of Annex 13 Aircraft Accident Investigations” (A41-WP/193, TE/67). ICAO 41st Session of Assembly. 2 Aug 2022. https://www.icao.int/Meetings/a41/Documents/WP/wp_193_en.pdf.
ICAO. “In Focus: ICAO`S Strategic Objectives.” https://www.icao.int/Pages/default.aspx.
ICAO. “The History of ICAO and the Chicago Convention.” https://www.icao.int/about-icao/history/pages/default.aspx.
ICAO. “ICAO Goes Live with New Online Conflict Zone Information Repository.” News Release. 10 Apr 2015. https://www.icao.int/Newsroom/Pages/ICAO-Goes-Live-With-New-Online-Conflict-Zone-Information-Repository.aspx https://www.icao.int/Newsroom/NewsDoc2015/COM.11.15.CH.pdf.
ICAO. ICAO Policy on Assistance to Aircraft Accident Victims and their Families (Doc 9888, AN/499). https://www.icao.int/meetings/a38/documents/doc9998_en.pdf.
ICAO. “ICAO and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.” Accessed 6 May 2023. https://www.icao.int/about-icao/aviation-development/pages/sdg.aspx.
ICAO. “Information Management Panel (IMP).” Accessed on 06 May 2023. https://www.icao.int/airnavigation/IMP/Pages/default.aspx.
ICAO. “Joint Statement on Risks to Civil Aviation Arising from Conflict Zones.” Newsletter. 29 July 2014. https://www.icao.int/Newsroom/Pages/Joint-Statement-on-Risks-to-Civil-Aviation-Arising-from-Conflict-Zones.aspx.
ICAO. “Milestone in International Civil Aviation.” Accessed 07 May 2023. https://www.icao.int/about-icao/History/Pages/Milestones-in-International-Civil-Aviation.aspx.
ICAO. “Plenary Meetings Minutes.” Doc 9415 A24·Min. P/1·15. ICAO 24th Assembly. Montreal: 26 Sep - 7 Oct 1983. Accessed from: https://www.icao.int/assembly-archive/Session24/A.24.BOUND.1.P.EN.pdf.
ICAO. “Resolution condemning the policies of Apartheid and racial discrimination of South Africa,” (A15-WP/239 P/55, Item 41). Resolution. ICAO 15th Session of Assembly, 14 Jul 1965. https://www.icao.int/Meetings/AMC/ArchivedAssembly/en/A15/wpno.htm.
ICAO. Risk Assessment Manual for Civil Aircraft Operations Over or Near Conflict Zones.
ICAO. “Risk Assessment for Civil Aircraft Operations Over or Near Conflict Zones” (AN-Conf/13-WP/33). 23 Aug 2018. https://www.icao.int/Meetings/anconf13/Documents/WP/wp_033_en.pdf.
ICAO. “Target Exemptions (TEs).” COVID OPS Guidance. Accessed 25 May 2023. https://www.icao.int/safety/OPS/OPS-Normal/Pages/Covidopsguidance.aspx.
ICAO. “Ukraine Requests ICAO Assistance in MH17 Accident Investigation.” Newsletter. Montréal, 18 July 2014. Retrieved from: https://www.icao.int/Newsroom/Pages/Ukraine-requests-ICAO-assistance-in-MH17-accident-investigation.aspx.
ICAO. “What contributions does air transport make to the UN sustainable development goals?” UnitingAviation (blog). 5 Dec 2022. https://unitingaviation.com/news/general-interest/what-contributions-does-air-transport-make-to-the-un-sustainable-development-goals/.
International Court of Justice (ICJ). Aerial Incident of 27 July 1955 (Israel v. Bulgaria). 16 October 1957. Accessed from: https://www.icj-cij.org/case/35.
ICJ. Aerial Incident of 27 July 1955 (United States of America v. Bulgaria). 28 October 1957. Accessed from: https://www.icj-cij.org/case/36.
ICJ. Aerial Incident of 27 July 1955 (United Kingdom v. Bulgaria). 22 November 1957. Accessed from: https://www.icj-cij.org/case/37.
ICJ. Aerial Incident of 3 July 1988 (Islamic Republic of Iran v. United States of America). 17 May 1989. Accessed from: https://www.icj-cij.org/en/case/79.
ICJ. Appeal Relating to the Jurisdiction of the ICAO Council (India v. Pakistan). 30 August 1971. https://www.icj-cij.org/case/54.
ICJ. Corfu Channel (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland v. Albania). 22 May 1947. Accessed from: https://www.icj-cij.org/case/1.
Multilateral Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Civil Aviation (Montreal Convention of 1971). https://treaties.un.org/doc/Publication/UNTS/Volume%20974/volume-974-I-14118-english.pdf.
“Olympic Truce.” International Olympic Committee. Accessed 15 May 2023, from: https://olympics.com/ioc/olympic-truce.
“The Report of the Commission on Global Security, Justice & Governance.” The Hague Institute for Global Justice and the Stimson Center. May 2015. http://www.thehagueinstituteforglobaljustice.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/CN-ExSum-Global-Commission-Report.pdf
Transportation Safety Board of Canada. Air transportation safety investigation A20F0002. Final Report from AAIB of Iran (PDF link). Retrieved from: https://www.bst-tsb.gc.ca/eng/enquetes-investigations/aviation/2020/a20f0002/report/a20f0002.pdf.
Transportation Safety Board of Canada. “Release of Iran’s final safety investigation report into the downing of PS752.” 18 Mar 2021. https://www.bst-tsb.gc.ca/eng/medias-media/discours-speeches/2021/03/a20f0002-20210318.html.
United Nations. “Documents Concerning the Korean Air Lines Incident.” U.N. Doc. S/PV.2746. UN Security Council Case Report. Reprinted in International Legal Materials (I.L.M.) 22, Issue 5 (September 1983): 1109-1220. Cambridge University Press, 04 April 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020782900028825.
United Nations. “Report of the Secretary-General on the Work of the Organization.” [Original: English/French/Spanish]. Supplement No.1 (A/39/1). Official Records: 39th Session, General Assembly. New York: United Nations, 1984.
United Nations. “Security Council Fails to Adopt Resolution on Tribunal for Malaysia Airlines Crash in Ukraine, Amid Calls for Accountability, Justice for Victims.” UN Security Council. https://press.un.org/en/2015/sc11990.doc.htm.
United Nations. “UN and the Olympic Truce.” Accessed 15 May 2023, from: https://www.un.org/en/olympictruce.
United Nations. United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). https://www.un.org/depts/los/convention_agreements/texts/unclos/unclos_e.pdf.
World Legal Information Institute (WLII). League of Nations Treaty Series. “Convention relating to the regulation of Aerial Navigation, signed at Paris, October 13, 1919, with Additional Protocol, signed at Paris, May 1, 1920.” LNTSer 99; 11 LNTS 173 (PDF Archive). Accessed 07 May 2023, from: http://www.worldlii.org/int/other/LNTSer/1922/99.html ().
網路資源
Air Crash Victims’ Families’ Federation International (ACVFFI). “About Us.” Accessed on 21 Jul 2022. https://aircrashvictims.com/aboutus/acvffi-history/.
Almond, Roncevert G.. “The Weaponization of Airspace: Sovereignty and Disorder from Above.” The Diplomat. 15 Oct 2018. https://thediplomat.com/2018/10/the-weaponization-of-airspace/; https://perma.cc/HK6X-SG5Y.
Apple, R. W., Jr.. “South Korean Plane Plunged 30,000 Feet After Being Fired On,” The New York Times. 23 Apr 1978. https://www.nytimes.com/1978/04/23/archives/south-korean-plane-plunged-30000-feet-after-being-fired-on-several.html.
Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training (ADST). “Alfred Joseph White.” The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Foreign Affairs Oral History Project (2001). Interviewed by John J. Harter. Initial interviewed on 17 Sep 1997. Accessed from: https://www.adst.org/OH%20TOCs/White,%20Alfred%20Joseph.toc.pdf.
Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training (ADST). “Ambassador Paul M. Cleveland.” The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Foreign Affairs Oral History Project (1998). Interviewed by Thomas Stern. Initial interviewed on 20 Oct 1996. Accessed from: https://adst.org/OH%20TOCs/CLEVELAND,%20Paul.toc.pdf.
Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training (ADST). s.vv. “USS Vincennes Shoots Down Iran Air Flight 655.” 15 Jul 2014. https://adst.org/2014/07/uss-vincennes-shoots-down-iran-air-flight-655/.
Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training (ADST). “John A. Buche.” The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Foreign Affairs Oral History Project (2001). Interviewed by Charles Stuart Kennedy. Initial interviewed on 3 Aug 1999. Accessed from: https://www.adst.org/OH%20TOCs/Buche,%20John%20A.toc.pdf.
Bellingcat. “MH17.” Accessed 25 May 2023, from: https://www.bellingcat.com/tag/mh17/?fwp_tags=mh17.
Bellingcat. “Possible new sighting of MH17 Buk convoy on July 17th 2014 in Ukraine,” 16 May 2016. https://www.bellingcat.com/news/2016/05/12/9248/.
Brignell, John. “The Risk of Travel.” Number Watch. http://www.numberwatch.co.uk/risks_of_travel.htm (8 May 2022).
Burns, John F.. “World Aviation Panel Faults U.S. Navy on Downing of Iran Air.” New York Times. 8 Dec 1988. https://www.nytimes.com/1988/12/04/world/world-aviation-panel-faults-us-navy-on-downing-of-iran-air.html (26 May 2023).
Cox, Sam. “In Memoriam: Rear Admiral William M. Fogarty, USN.” Naval History and Heritage Command. 23 June 2022. https://usnhistory.navylive.dodlive.mil/Recent/Article-View/Article/3072302/in-memoriam-rear-admiral-william-m-fogarty-usn/.
Denton, Herbert H. “Aviation Body Rebuffs Iran on Condemnation of U.S..” The Washington Post. 15 Jul 1988. Accessed from: https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1988/07/15/aviation-body-rebuffs-iran-on-condemnation-of-us/9c093886-3a24-410d-8da2-bd7e8eaefeb9/
European Sources Online. “Publication of the MH17 reports: overview.” https://www.europeansources.info/record/publication-of-the-MH17-reports-overview/.
Fitzpatrick, Catherine A.. “Evidence of Separatists’ Possession of Buk System Before Downing of MH17.” The Interpreter. 27 Jul 2014. Accessed from: http://www.interpretermag.com/evidence-of-separatists-possession-of-buk-system-before-downing-of-mh17/.
“Flying still the safest form of travel.” BBC News. 8 May 2000. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/736582.stm.
Flynn, Alexis. “Will the MH17 Disaster Be Prosecuted as a War Crime?” Wall Street Journal. 22 Jul 2014. https://blogs.wsj.com/law/2014/07/22/will-the-MAS17-disaster-be-prosecuted-as-a-war-crime/.
Flight Safety Foundation (FSF). “ASN Aviation Safety Database.” Aviation Safety Network. Database. Retrieved from: <https://aviation-safety.net/database/ (29 Jun 2019).
Fox, Margalit. “Hans Ephraimson-Abt, Air-Crash Victims’ Crusader, Dies at 91,” The New York Times. 26 Oct 2013. https://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/27/us/hans-ephraimson-abt-air-crash-victims-crusader-dies-at-91.html.
International Air Transport Association (IATA). “Is flying safer than taking a train or bus?” Travelers Questions, Travel & Safety. Accessed from: https://www.iata.org/en/youandiata/travelers/aviation-safety/.
Johnson, Reuben F.. “IHS Jane`s: Dutch investigation concludes MH17 downed by Buk missile from Russian battery.” IHS Jane`s Defence Weekly. 19 Mar 2015. Retrieved, from: https://saito-section-9.livejournal.com/1070906.html (05 Jan 2021).
Laskow, Sarah. “The Plane Crash That Gave Americans GPS.” The Atlantic. 03 Nov 2014. Accessed from: https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2014/11/the-plane-crash-that-gave-americans-gps/382204/.
Lendon, Brad. “In 1988, a US Navy warship shot down an Iranian passenger plane in the heat of battle.” CNN.com. 10 Jan 2020. https://edition.cnn.com/2020/01/10/middleeast/iran-air-flight-655-us-military-intl-hnk/index.html.
“MH17 missile `came from Russia`, Dutch-led investigators say.” BBC News. 28 Sep 2016. Retrieved from: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-37495067.
“MH17 report leaves questions unanswered, and casts a light on the state of international law.” The Conversation. 15 Oct 2015. http://theconversation.com/MH17-report-leaves-questions-unanswered-and-casts-a-light-on-the-state-of-international-law-49166.
“MH17: Russia ‘liable’ for downing airliner over Ukraine.” BBC News. 25 May 2018. Retrieved from: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-44252150.
Milanovic, Marko. “The Netherlands and Australia Attribute the Downing of MH17 to Russia.” Blog of the European Journal of International Law (EJIL): Talk! 25 May 2018. Retrieved from: https://www.ejiltalk.org/the-netherlands-and-australia-attribute-the-downing-of-MH17-to-russia/comment-page-1/.
“Past Attacks on Commercial Airliners.” TIME.17 Jul 2014. Retrieved 18 Sep 2018, from: https://time.com/3002171/malaysia-airlines-ukraine-crash-airliners-shot-down/.
Perley, Warren. “Emergency ICAO session agrees to Iran Air investigation.” United Press International. 13 Jul 1988. Accessed from: https://www.upi.com/Archives/1988/07/13/Emergency-ICAO-session-agrees-to-Iran-Air-investigation/2204584769600/.
van der Pijl, Kees. “The Dutch Investigation into Flight MH17 and Kiev’s Veto.” Global Research. 18 Sep 2018. Accessed from: https://www.globalresearch.ca/the-dutch-investigation-into-flight-MAS17-and-kievs-veto/5654221.
Polek, Gregory. “ICAO Adopts Multi-constellation Standards for GNSS.” AINoline. 23 Mar 2023. https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/air-transport/2023-03-23/icao-adopts-multi-constellation-standards-gnss.
Reagan, Ronald. “Address to the Nation on the Soviet Attack on a Korean Civilian Airliner.” Transcript. Ronald Reagan Presidential Library & Museum. 05 Sep 1983.Accessed from: https://www.reaganlibrary.gov/archives/speech/address-nation-soviet-attack-korean-civilian-airliner.
Reagan, Ronald. “Radio Address to the Nation on the Soviet Attack on a Korean Civilian Airliner.” Ronald Reagan Presidential Library & Museum. 17 Sep 1983. https://www.reaganlibrary.gov/archives/speech/radio-address-nation-soviet-attack-korean-civilian-airliner.
Reagan, Ronald. “Remarks to Reporters on the Soviet Attack on a Korean Civilian Airliner.” Ronald Reagan Presidential Library & Museum. 02 Sep 1983. Accessed from: https://www.reaganlibrary.gov/archives/speech/remarks-reporters-soviet-attack-korean-civilian-airliner.
Reagan, Ronald. “Statement on the Destruction of an Iranian Jetliner by the United States Navy Over the Persian Gulf.” Ronald Reagan Presidential Library & Museum. 3 Jul 1988. Accessed from: https://www.reaganlibrary.gov/archives/speech/statement-destruction-iranian-jetliner-united-states-navy-over-persian-gulf.
Reagan, Ronald. “Statement on the Joint Congressional Resolution Condemning the Soviet Attack on a Korean Civilian Airliner.” Ronald Reagan Presidential Library & Museum. 15 Sep 1983. Accessed from: https://www.reaganlibrary.gov/archives/speech/statement-joint-congressional-resolution-condemning-soviet-attack-korean-civilian.
Rueckert, George L.. “KAL 902 is Down: When the Soviets Attacked an Airliner” HistoryNet. 2 Dec 2019. https://www.historynet.com/kal-902-is-down-when-the-soviets-attacked-an-airliner/.
“Serial numbers of missile that downed MH17 show it was produced in 1986, owned by Ukraine – Russia.” Reuters.18 Sep 2018. Accessed from: https://www.rt.com/news/438596-MH17-downing-russian-briefing/.
“Statement by Deputy Press Secretary Speaks on the Soviet Attack on a Korean Civilian Airliner.” Ronald Reagan Presidential Library & Museum. 22 Sep 1983. https://www.reaganlibrary.gov/archives/speech/statement-deputy-press-secretary-speakes-soviet-attack-korean-civilian-airliner-2.
“U.N. agency issues report on downing of Iran Air jet.” United Press International. 8 Dec 1988. https://www.upi.com/Archives/1988/12/08/UN-agency-issues-report-on-downing-of-Iran-Air-jet/6458597560400/.
“Ukraine Will Compete in Sochi Paralymics.” TIME. 7 Mar 2014. Accessed from: https://time.com/15849/ukraine-sochi-paralympics-russia/.
“USS Vincennes Shoots Down Iran Air Flight 655.” Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training (ADST). 15 Jul 2014. Accessed from: https://adst.org/2014/07/uss-vincennes-shoots-down-iran-air-flight-655/.
影音資料
Discovery. “Flight KAL-007.” Unsolved History, Season 2 Episode 18. Retrieved on 23 Apr 2023, from Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xuuw-8FSXg8.
ICAO. “Risks to Civilian Aviation Arising from Conflict Zones: ICAO press conference.” ICAO press conference following the High-Level Meeting on Risks to Civilian Aviation Arising from Conflict Zones. 29 July 2014 at ICAO Headquarters, Montréal. Retrieved from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7c_oyxWw8wY.
Onderzoeksraad voor Veiligheid (Dutch Safety Board). “MH17 Crash-English spoken.” Published 13 Oct 2015, Retrieved from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KDiLEyT9spI.
Reagan Foundation. “President Reagan`s Address to the Nation on the Soviet Attack on a Korean Airliner (KAL 007).” Videoclip. Delivered 5 September 1983. Washington, D.C. http://www.reaganfoundation.org. Accessed on 5 May 2023, from Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9VA4W1wDMAk.
TSB Canada. “A20F0002: TSB comments on the final safety investigation report into the downing of PS752.” 19 Mar 2021. Retrieved from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TrRveRUREek. |
| Description: | 碩士
國立政治大學
外交學系戰略與國際事務碩士在職專班
105922020 |
| Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0105922020 |
| Data Type: | thesis |
| Appears in Collections: | [戰略與國際事務碩士在職專班] 學位論文
|
Files in This Item:
| File |
Size | Format | |
|---|
| 202001.pdf | 1456Kb | Adobe PDF2 | 0 | View/Open |
|
All items in 政大典藏 are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved.
|
