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    題名: 從兄弟到夥伴：中國對非洲醫療援助的變遷
    From Brotherhood to Partnership: The Evolution of China’s Medical Aid to Africa
    作者: 許媁淳
    Hsu, Wei-Chun
    貢獻者: 劉曉鵬
    Liu, Hsiao-Pong
    許媁淳
    Hsu, Wei-Chun
    關鍵詞: 中國對外援助
    醫療援助
    夥伴關係
    中非醫藥合作
    醫藥投資貿易
    China Foreign Aid
    Medical Aid
    China-Africa Partnership
    China-Africa Medical Cooperation
    Pharmaceutical Trade and Investment
    日期: 2023
    摘要: 在對外關係的實務上，各國將醫療援助視為實踐外交政策與提升軟實力的重要手段已是不爭的事實。本文以中國實施改革開放為分界點，探討在1980年代前後，中國分別依據何種考量而對非洲提供醫療援助，並將非洲民眾的態度進行比對。爬梳歷史脈絡，發現中非醫療援助經歷了「以文帶醫、以醫促藥、以藥興商」的轉型，在1980年代以前，中國以社會主義兄弟相稱並以意識形態為基礎而對非洲提供無償醫療援助，隨著實施改革開放與對外援助改革，則更側重雙邊合作關係下所發揮的經濟作用，如促進中非醫藥貿易的發展與拓展中國醫藥製造商「走出去」的海外新市場等，欲達成興盛醫藥產業的目的。
    此外，本文也觀察到原先透過國家援助計畫而派至非洲的中國醫生，由於薪資差異與醫病關係等因素而逐漸地衍生出個人至非洲經營私人診所的現象，屬於微觀層面的個體行為之演變。
    醫療援助與經貿結合的途徑帶來經濟利益，然而，將具有人道精神的醫療援助用以實現商業利益的做法不可避免地也會帶來許多負面觀感，將之對比過去醫療援助為中國帶來正面形象且贏得非洲人民的感謝，此種態度轉變導致中國利用醫療援助提升軟實力的觀點有待商榷。
    Medical aid is not only a policy but also an important means for promoting soft power. This article analyzes why did China provide medical aid to Africa before and after the 1980s, as well as studies African attitude towards this Chinese medical aid. Before the 1980s, China provided gratuitous medical aid to Africa based on socialist brotherhood and ideology. Since the beginning of the economic reform, new foreign aid strategies focused more on business interests resulted from humanitarian projects, such as bilateral trade in medical products and overseas market exploration for Chinese pharmaceutical manufacturer, to achieve the goal of pharmaceutical industry`s prosperity.
    Besides, this article also discusses micro changes of the individual behavior. Chinese doctors, who used to be dispatched to Africa through the state’s medical aid program, have gradually developed a phenomenon, in which they began to operate private clinics in Africa due to salary differences and doctor-patient relationships.
    The combination of medical aid, trade and investment bring economic benefits. However, the use of medical aid to realize commercial benefits will inevitably bring many negative perceptions. In comparison to medical teams that had brought a positive image to China and won the gratitude of the African people in the past, this change in attitude has become challenges to China`s expectation of making medical aid as a soft power.
    描述: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    國家發展研究所
    106261003
    資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0106261003
    資料類型: thesis
    顯示於類別:[國家發展研究所] 學位論文

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