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Title: | 全球供需狀況與DRAM記憶體價格分析 The Analysis on Worldwide Supply & Demand and DRAM Prices |
Authors: | 郭祚榮 Kuo, Tso-Jung |
Contributors: | 陳明進 郭祚榮 Kuo, Tso-Jung |
Keywords: | DRAM 記憶體 半導體 三星 SK海力士 美光 DRAM Memory Semiconductor Samsung SK Hynix Micron |
Date: | 2023 |
Issue Date: | 2023-09-01 15:11:41 (UTC+8) |
Abstract: | 本論文探討DRAM產業中的『供』與『需』變化與影響因素,由於DRAM是波動性極大的電子產品,市場供不應求時會讓價格翻漲,獲利用倍數計算;但供過於求時甚至會跌破現金成本,如果成本結構不佳的廠商,如遇到DRAM市場下行,亦發生過大型廠商退出,如奇夢達(Qimonda)和爾必達(Elpida)。
從供給端來觀察,現有市場已經從戰國時代步入寡占市場格局,由三星(Samsung)、SK海力士(SK Hynix)和美光(Micron)主導市場,產品亦走向多元,如新產品DDR5逐步走入市場,並往更大的容量如16Gb甚至24Gb前進,製程工藝以1Ynm與1Znm為主。最重要的供給因素還是廠商的動態分析,如資本支出、產能規模、產品比重、良率高低與未來計畫來計算。
在需求端方面,影響因素主要從電子產品的大類分析,如現在DRAM消耗量最大的智慧型手機與伺服器占了七成市場,其次為PC、顯示卡(包含遊戲機)與消費型電子產品,其中也必須瞭解未來市場的動向與DRAM產品使用類型,甚至於地緣政治的影響都是其中要分析的項目,進而導出未來DRAM供需預估與市場走向。
根據現有數字來分析,三大DRAM廠中,SK海力士(SK Hynix)與美光(Micron)已經率先減產,三星(Samsung)也開始降低工廠的產能利用率,如能持續到年底甚至擴大規模,市場供過於求的狀況將會逐漸收斂,並有機會在下半年止跌回穩,明年上半年有機會DRAM價格反彈。 This paper aims to investigate the changes and factors of "supply" and "demand" in the DRAM industry. As DRAM is a highly volatile electronic product, a shortage in the market can cause prices to skyrocket, resulting in multiplied profits. Conversely, oversupply can cause prices to fall below the cash cost, leading to the exit of poorly structured companies from the DRAM market, such as Qimonda and Elpida.
From the supply side, the current market has shifted from a warring-states era to an oligopolistic market dominated by Samsung, SK Hynix, and Micron. Product diversification is also evident, with new products like DDR5 gradually entering the market and pushing towards larger capacities, such as 16Gb or even 24Gb, using 1Ynm and 1Znm processes. Dynamic analysis of manufacturers is crucial, including capital expenditure, production capacity, product mix, yield rate, and future plans.
On the demand side, analysis focuses on major electronic products, with smartphones and servers currently accounting for 70% of DRAM consumption, followed by PCs, graphics cards (including game consoles), and consumer electronics. It is also necessary to understand future market trends, the types of DRAM products used, and even the impact of geopolitical factors to derive a forecast of DRAM supply and demand and market trends.
Based on current data analysis, SK Hynix and Micron have already begun to reduce production, and Samsung has started to lower factory capacity utilization. If this trend continues and expands through the end of the year, the oversupply situation in the market will gradually converge, and there is a chance that prices will stabilize in the second half of the year and even rebound in the first half of next year. |
Reference: | 英文文獻 Kim, Shawn (Morgan Stanley), 2023/3/21, Memory – Don’t Get Too Bearish
Li, Mark (Bernstein), 2023/3/16, Global Memory - Nearly unprecedented correction, but stabilization on the horizon.
中文文獻 倪湘倫,2019,源錯置模型探討DRAM產業廠商退出與反事實合併假設 – 國立政治大學社會科學院經濟學系碩士學位論文。
陳中州,2006,在變動環境下之經營策略 - 以記憶體模組業為例,國立政治大學經營管理碩士論文。
鍾景星,2016,DRAM公司轉型與重生之路 – 力晶與茂德還款與轉型策略比較,國立政治大學國際金融組碩士論文。
集邦科技研究報告 集邦科技(Trendforce),2023/3 DRAM月資料分析。 集邦科技(Trendforce),2023/2 DRAM月資料分析。 集邦科技(Trendforce),2023/1 DRAM月資料分析。 集邦科技(Trendforce),2022/12 DRAM月資料分析。 集邦科技(Trendforce),2022/11 DRAM月資料分析。 集邦科技(Trendforce),2022/10 DRAM月資料分析。 集邦科技(Trendforce),2023/1Q DRAM季研究報告。 集邦科技(Trendforce),2022/4Q DRAM季研究報告。 集邦科技(Trendforce),2023/1Q Mobile DRAM季研究報告。 集邦科技(Trendforce),2022/4Q Mobile DRAM季研究報告。 集邦科技(Trendforce),2023/1Q Server DRAM季研究報告。 集邦科技(Trendforce),2022/4Q Server DRAM季研究報告。 集邦科技(Trendforce),2023年DRAM產業走向研究報告。 集邦科技(Trendforce),2023年DRAM供需庫存水位統計報告。 集邦科技(Trendforce),2022年美光減產專題報告。 集邦科技(Trendforce),2022年DRAM需求端出貨數字統計報告。 集邦科技(Trendforce),2022/4Q全球智慧型手機出貨分析報告。 集邦科技(Trendforce),2022年DRAM新技術與產能分析報告。 集邦科技(Trendforce),2022年全球各地區半導體政策研究分析報告。 |
Description: | 碩士 國立政治大學 經營管理碩士學程(EMBA) 110932137 |
Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0110932137 |
Data Type: | thesis |
Appears in Collections: | [經營管理碩士學程EMBA] 學位論文
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