Loading...
|
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/146559
|
Title: | 高中生於學測篇章結構題型作答策略之個案分析 A Case Study on Senior High School Students’ Strategies of Tackling Discourse Structure Test in GSAT |
Authors: | 黃育翎 Huang, Yu-Ling |
Contributors: | 尤雪瑛 黃育翎 Huang, Yu-Ling |
Keywords: | 學測英文 篇章結構 策略使用 考試技巧 後設認知策略 閱讀策略 GSAT English Discourse Structure test Strategy use Test-taking strategy Metacognitive strategy Reading strategy |
Date: | 2023 |
Issue Date: | 2023-08-02 14:01:52 (UTC+8) |
Abstract: | 本研究旨在探討高中生在學測篇章結構題型的作答策略。為了達成此目的,本研究採用個案研究方法,以探討學生在解題過程中的表現。研究過程中,招募了三名來自北部三個不同學校的高三學生,其語言能力分別為低、中及高級。受試者分別參與兩階段的資料蒐集過程,第一階段為線上訪談,由受試者分享他們過往回答篇章結構的學習經驗;第二階段中,受試者則須完成兩份篇章結構試題,隨後填寫困難檢核表並參與半結構化訪談,以瞭解他們在回答篇章結構題目時所採用的策略。
結果顯示了三個重要的發現:首先,這三位學生在準備作答篇章結構題目方面並未獲得太多的教導和練習,在有限的教學中,最常涉及局部閱讀策略。其次,三位學生各自展現出不同的策略偏好,低程度學生傾向採用考試技巧和局部閱讀策略,而中、高程度學生則傾向於結合多種後設認知策略,以及局部和整體閱讀策略。最後,根據學生的評論,他們更容易理解那些主題熟悉且文意發展清晰的文章,豐富的上下文線索也有助於他們作答篇章結構試題。研究結果顯示,英語教師應為學生提供多樣化的策略資源,以應答篇章結構題目。 The current study investigates senior high school students’ strategies of tackling DS test in the GSAT English. To fulfill this aim, a case study approach was employed to explore the problem-solving process of the students. The research recruited three Grade 12 students from three different schools, located in northern region of Taiwan. The participants were at different proficiency levels of low, average, and upper. They were required to take part in two parts of the data collection procedure. The first part included an online interview regarding their prior learning experience. The second part contained two DS tests for the participants to complete, followed by difficulty checklists and semi-structured interviews, to elicit the strategies they have used during the process of responding to DS tests.
The results reveal three major themes. First, the three students report that they do not receive much instruction on the preparation of answering the DS test. Among the limited instruction, local reading strategies are addressed most often. Second, the students demonstrate different preferences for strategy use. Particularly, the student of low proficiency level tends to adopt test-taking strategies and local reading strategies, while the students of average and upper proficiency levels incline to combine a variety of metacognitive as well as local and global reading strategies. Third, according to the students’ comments, the passage with a familiar topic and clear text patterns is easier to comprehend, and rich context clues also help them to solve the DS items. The findings suggest that English teachers should provide students with diverse resources of strategy use to solve the DS test. |
Reference: | Abraham, R. G., & Chapelle, C. A. (1992). The meaning of cloze test scores: An item difficulty perspective. The Modern Language Journal, 76(4), 468–479. Afflerbach, P., Pearson, P. D., & Paris, S. G. (2008). Clarifying differences between reading skills and reading strategies. The Reading Teacher, 61(5), 364-373. Alderson, J. C. (1979). The cloze procedure and proficiency in English as a foreign language. TESOL Quarterly, 13(2), 219-227. Alderson, J. C. (2000). Assessing Reading. Cambridge University Press. Ali, A. M., & Razali, A. B. (2019). A review of studies on cognitive and metacognitive reading strategies in teaching reading comprehension for ESL/EFL learners. English Language Teaching, 12(6), 94-111. Bachman, L. F. (1985). Performance on the cloze test with fixed ratio and rational deletions. TESOL Quarterly, 19(3), 335–356. Bachman, L. F. (2002). Some reflections on task-based language performance assessment. Language Testing, 19(4), 453-476. Bahaziq, A. (2016). Cohesive devices in written discourse: A discourse analysis of a student’s essay writing. English Language Teaching, 9(6), 112-119. Banditvilai, C. (2020). The effectiveness of reading strategies on reading comprehension. International Journal of Social Science and Humanity, 10(2), 46-50. Barber, J. P., & Walczak, K. K. (2009, April). Conscience and critic: Peer debriefing strategies in grounded theory research. In Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association, San Diego, CA (pp. 13-17). Bardovi-Harlig, K. (1990). Pragmatic Word Order in English Composition. In U. Connor, & A. M. Johns. (Eds.), Coherence in Writing: Research and Pedagogical Perspectives (pp. 45-65). Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages. Beck, J. L., McKeown, M. G., Omanson, R. C, & Pople, M. T. (1984). Improving the comprehensibility of stories: The effects of revisions that improve coherence. Reading Research Quarterly, 19, 263-277. Bormuth, J. R. (1969). Factor validity of cloze tests as measures of reading comprehension ability. TESOL Quarterly, 4(3), 358-365. Brantmeier, C. (2005). Effects of reader’s knowledge, text type, and test type on L1 and L2 reading comprehension in Spanish. The Modern Language Journal, 89(1), 37-53. Brown, D. H. & Abeywickrama, P. (2019). Language assessment: Principles and classroom practices. Pearson. Bügel, K., & Buunk, B. P. (1996). Sex differences in foreign language text comprehension: The role of interests and prior knowledge. The Modern Language Journal, 80(1), 15-31. Cambridge Assessment English. (2021). B2 First for Schools Handbook for teachers. Cambridge. Retrieved from https://www.cambridgeenglish.org/Images/167792-b2-first-for-schools-handbook.pdf Carrell, P. L. (1984). The effects of rhetorical organization on ESL readers. TESOL Quarterly, 18, 441-469. Carrell, P. L. (1987). Content and formal schemata in ESL reading. TESOL Quarterly, 21(3), 461-481. Carspecken, P. F. (1996). Critical ethnography in educational research: A theoretical and practical guide. Routledge. Carter, N., Bryant-Lukosius, D., DiCenso, A., Blythe, J., & Neville, A. J. (2014). The use of triangulation in qualitative research. Oncology Nursing Forum, 41(5), 545–547. Chao, YN. (2022). 112學測英文篇章結構5選4惹議 大考中心喊卡暫緩實施 [The 5 option sentences for the Discourse Structure test of the GSAT English has raised concern. College Entrance Examination Center temporarily suspended its implementation]. udn.com. https://udn.com/news/story/6925/6627061 Chase, C. I. (1978). Measurement for educational evaluation (2nd ed.). Addison-Wesley Publishing Company. Chen, L. T. (2003). Improving High School Students’ Performance on “Discourse Structure” Tests Through Instruction of Text Structure and Think-aloud Modeling. [Unpublished Master’s Thesis]. National Taiwan Normal University. Chen, WY. (2008). The Relationship Between the Rational Cloze Test and Discourse Structure Test. [Unpublished Master’s Thesis]. National Taiwan Normal University. College Entrance Examination Center. (n.d.). The College Admission Process in Taiwan. https://www.ceec.edu.tw/en/xmdoc/cont?xsmsid=0J180519600611186512 College Entrance Examination Center. (2007). 指定考試科目英文考科說明 [Test Specifications for English in Advanced Subjects Test]. https://www.ceec.edu.tw/files/file_pool/1/0J052574668681600028/02-95指考英文考試說明_定稿_.pdf College Entrance Examination Center. (2016). 指定考試科目英文考科說明 [Test Specifications for English in Advanced Subjects Test]. https://www.ceec.edu.tw/files/file_pool/1/0J052639245697368489/107指考英文考試說明定稿.pdf College Entrance Examination Center. (2019). 學科能力測驗英文考科說明 [Test Specifications for English in General Scholastic Ability Test]. https://www.jbcrc.edu.tw/documents/exams/大考中心107起說明檔/107學測英文考試說明定稿.pdf College Entrance Examination Center. (2022). 有關學測英文考科篇章結構題型調整選項數延後實施之說明 [Explanation on the postponement of the implementation of the number of options adjustment for DS test of the GSAT]. https://www.ceec.edu.tw/files/file_pool/1/0m263658724235388511/220920有關學測英文篇章結構題型調整選項數延後實施之說明.pdf Cohen, A. D. (1984). On taking language tests: what the students report. Language Testing, 1(1), 70–81. https://doi.org/10.1177/026553228400100106 Cohen, A. D. (2006). The coming of age of research on test-taking strategies. Language Assessment Quarterly, 3(4), 307-331. Cohen, A. D., & Upton, T. A. (2006). Strategies in Responding to the New TOEFL Reading Tasks (Report No. RR-06-06, TOEFL-MS-33). Educational Testing Service. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/j.2333-8504.2006.tb02012.x Craven, M. (2020). Pass the TOEIC Test Advanced Course. First Press ELT. Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2018). Qualitative inquiry and research design (4th ed.). Sage. Davey, B. (1988). Factors affecting the difficulty of reading comprehension items for successful and unsuccessful readers. The Journal of Experimental Education, 56(2), 67-76. Deyes, T. (1984). Towards an authentic ‘discourse cloze’. Applied Linguistics, 5, 128–137. Dollerup, C., Glahn, E., & Rosenberg Hansen, C. (1982). Reading strategies and test-solving techniques in an EFL-reading comprehension test—A preliminary report. Journal of Applied Language Study, 1(1), 93–99. Dreyer, C., & Nel, C. (2003). Teaching reading strategies and reading comprehension within a technology-enhanced learning environment. System, 31(3), 349-365. Ebel, R. L. & Frisbie, D. A. (1991). Essentials of educational measurement (5th ed.). Prentice-Hall. Educational Testing Service. (2012). The official guide to the TOEFL test. McGraw-Hill. Educational Testing Service. (2017). Examinee handbook – For the updated version of the TOEIC® listening and reading test. Retrieved from https://www.toeic.com.tw/Upload/att/2020-11/202110281702449703289582.pdf Ericsson, K. A., & Simon, H. A. (1984). Protocol analysis: Verbal reports as data. The MIT Press. Erten, İ. H., & Razi, S. (2009). The effects of cultural familiarity on reading comprehension. Reading in a Foreign Language, 21(1), 60-77. Flavell, J. (1979). Metacognition and cognitive monitoring: A new area of cognitive developmental inquiry. American Psychologist, 34, 906–911. Grabe, W. (2004). Research on teaching reading. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 24, 44–69. Graesser, A. C., McNamara, D. S., & Louwerse, M. M. (2003). What do readers need to learn in order to process coherence relations in narrative and expository text. Rethinking Reading Comprehension, 82, 98. Greene, F. P. (1965). Modifications of the cloze procedure and changes in reading tests performance. Journal of Educational Measurement, 2, 213–217. Halliday, M. A. K., & Hasan, R. (1976). Cohesion in English. Longman Group Limited. Halliday, M. A. K. (1985). Introduction to functional grammar. Edward Arnold. Heigham, J., & Croker, R. A. (Eds.). (2009). Qualitative Research in Applied Linguistics: A Practical Introduction. Palgrave Macmillan. Hiebert, E. H., Scott, J. A., Castaneda, R., & Spichtig, A. (2019). An analysis of the features of words that influence vocabulary difficulty. Education Sciences, 9(1), 8. Hoey, M. (1991). Patterns of lexis in text. Oxford University Press. Hsieh, H. F., & Shannon, S. E. (2005). Three approaches to qualitative content analysis. Qualitative Health Research, 15, 1277–1288. Hung, M., & Chin, YH. (2016). A corpus-based comparison of the English tests of two major college entrance examinations in Taiwan. Journal of National Formosa University, 33(2), 89-111. Kafes, H. (2012). Lexical cohesion: An issue only in the foreign language?. English Language Teaching, 5(3), 83-94. Klare, G. R. (1984). Readability. In P. D. Person (Ed.), Handbook of reading research (pp. 681-744). Longman. Lai, S. F., Li, C. H., & Amster, R. (2013). Strategically smart or proficiency-driven? An investigation of reading strategy use of EFL college students in relation to language proficiency. Contemporary Issues in Education Research, 6(1), 85-92. Lee, M. L. (2012). A study of the selection of reading strategies among genders by EFL college students. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 64, 310-319. Lee, S. K. (2007). Effects of textual enhancement and topic familiarity on Korean EFL students’ reading comprehension and learning of passive form. Language Learning, 57(1), 87-118. Levenston, E. A., Nir, R., & Blum-Kulka, S. (1982, August). Discourse analysis and the testing of reading comprehension by cloze techniques. In International Symposium on Language for Special Purposes, Eindhoven, The Netherlands (pp. 202–212). McCarthy, M. (1991). Discourse analysis for language teachers. Cambridge University Press. Meyer, J. B. F. (2003). Text coherence and readability. Topics in Language Disorders, 23(3), 204–224. Mirzapour, F., & Ahmadi, M. (2011). Study on lexical cohesion in English and Persian research articles (A comparative study). English Language Teaching, 4(4), 245-253. Nemati, M. (2003). The relationship between topic difficulty and mode of discourse: An in-depth study of EFL writers’ production, recognition, and attitude. IJAL, 6(2), 87-116. Nevo, N. (1989). Test-taking strategies on a multiple-choice test of reading comprehension. Language Testing, 6(2), 199–215. Nisbett, R. E., & Wilson, T. D. (1977). Telling more than we can know: Verbal reports on mental processes. Psychological Review, 84(3), 231–259. Nunan, D. (1992). Research Methods in Language Learning. Cambridge University Press. Nuttall, C. E. (2005). Teaching reading skills in a foreign language. Macmillan Education. Oller, J. W. (1973). Cloze tests of second language proficiency and what they measure. Language Learning, 23, 105-118. Oxford, R. L. (1990). Language learning strategies: What every teacher should know. Heinle &Heinle. Patton, M.Q. (1999). Enhancing the quality and credibility of qualitative analysis. Health Sciences Research, 34, 1189–1208. Phakiti, A. (2003). A closer look at the relationship of cognitive and metacognitive strategy use to EFL reading achievement test performance. Language Testing, 20(1), 26-56. Prince, E. (1981). Towards a taxonomy of given-new information. In P. Cole (Ed.), Radical pragmatics (pp. 223-255). Academic Press. Purpura, J. E. (1999). Learner strategy use and performance on language tests: A structural equation modeling approach. Cambridge University Press. Rahimi, M., & Katal, M. (2012). Metacognitive strategies awareness and success in learning English as a foreign language: an overview. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 31, 73-81. Roehling, J. V., Hebert, M., Nelson, J. R., & Bohaty, J. J. (2017). Text structure strategies for improving expository reading comprehension. The Reading Teacher, 71(1), 71-82. Sadeghi, K. (2021). The cloze procedure. In Assessing Second Language Reading. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84470-7_4 Şahin, A. (2013). The effect of text types on reading comprehension. Online Submission, 3(2), 57-67. Schleppegrell, M. (1996). Conjunction in spoken English and ESL writing. Applied Linguistics, 17(3), 271-285. Seliger, H. W., & Shohamy, E. (1989). Second Language Research Methods. Oxford University Press. Shang, H. F. (2010). Reading strategy use, self-efficacy and EFL reading comprehension. Asian EFL Journal, 12(2), 18-42. Shieh, CM., & Lin, KR. (2011). Thematic progression patterns and the texts of the department required English test. Bulletin of National Pingtung Institute of Commerce, 13, 15-33. Skehan, P. (1998). A cognitive approach to language learning. Oxford University Press. Taylor, W. L. (1953). Cloze procedure—A new tool for measuring readability. Journalism Quarterly, 30, 415–433. Trace, J., Brown, J. D., Janssen, G., & Kozhevnikova, L. (2017). Determining cloze item difficulty from item and passage characteristics across different learner backgrounds. Language Testing, 34(2), 151-174. Unubi, A. S. (2016). Conjunctions in English: Meaning, types and uses. International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research, 4(3), 202-213. Vlachos, F., & Papadimitriou, A. (2015). Effect of age and gender on children’s reading performance: The possible neural underpinnings. Cogent Psychology, 2(1), 1045224. Wang, L. (2007). Theme and rheme in the thematic organization of text: Implications for teaching academic writing. Asian EFL Journal, 9(1), 164-176. Wang, Y. H. (2016). Reading strategy use and comprehension performance of more successful and less successful readers: A think-aloud study. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 16(5), 1789-1813. Wesche, M. B., & Paribakht, T. S. (2000). Reading-based exercises in second language vocabulary learning: An introspective study. The Modern Language Journal, 84(2), 196–213. Williams, J. P. (2005). Instruction in reading comprehension for primary-grade students: A focus on text structure. The Journal of Special Education, 39(1), 6-18. Wu, Y. L. (2008). Language learning strategies used by students at different proficiency levels. Asian EFL Journal, 10(4), 75-95. Yang, MJ. (2022). 學測調整英文題型引爆反彈 大考中心急轉彎:暫緩實施 [The adjustment of the English question type for the GSAT sparked a backlash. The College Entrance Examination center has made an abrupt U-turn, announcing a temporary suspension of the implementation]. Liberty Times Net. https://news.ltn.com.tw/news/life/breakingnews/4064331 Yeh, H. (2002). 大學入學指定科目考試說明 [Examination Instructions on Advanced Subjects Test]. Taipei. Yin, R. K. (2009). Case study research: Design and methods (4th Ed.). Sage. Zamanian, M., & Heydari, P. (2012). Readability of texts: State of the art. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 2(1), 43-53. Zare, P. (2012). Language learning strategies among EFL/ESL learners: A review of literature. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 2(5). 162-169. Zhang, L. J., Gu, P. Y., & Hu, G. (2008). A cognitive perspective on Singaporean primary school pupils’ use of reading strategies in learning to read in English. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 78(2), 245–271. Zhang, L. J., & Wu, A. (2009). Chinese senior high school EFL students’ metacognitive awareness and reading-strategy use. Reading in a Foreign Language, 21(1), 37-59. |
Description: | 碩士 國立政治大學 英國語文學系 110551007 |
Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0110551007 |
Data Type: | thesis |
Appears in Collections: | [英國語文學系] 學位論文
|
Files in This Item:
File |
Description |
Size | Format | |
100701.pdf | | 1478Kb | Adobe PDF2 | 42 | View/Open |
|
All items in 政大典藏 are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved.
|