政大機構典藏-National Chengchi University Institutional Repository(NCCUR):Item 140.119/146482

政大機構典藏-National Chengchi University Institutional Repository(NCCUR):Item 140.119/146482

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政大機構典藏 > 社會科學學院 > 經濟學系 > 學位論文 > Item 140.119/146482

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題名:	引入彈性工時政策是否會影響失業率振幅? Do flexible working hours influence unemployment fluctuations?
作者:	楊義庠 Yang, Yi-Shiang
貢獻者:	賴廷緯 Ting-Wei, Lai 楊義庠 Yang, Yi-Shiang
關鍵詞:	動態隨機一般均衡模型勞動摩擦價格僵固性每人工時僵固性彈性工時政策就業率每人工時 Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium Hiring Frictions Price Rigidity Working Hours Rigidity Flexible Working Hours Unemployment
日期:	2023
上傳時間:	2023-08-02 13:43:47 (UTC+8)
摘要:	本文建立一個封閉經濟體，其中包含家戶、中間財廠商與完全競爭之最終財廠商、貨幣當局制訂利率政策。本文藉由將總勞動投入拆分為每人工時與就業率此兩種內生變數，考慮價格僵固性與勞動摩擦的交互作用，並加入每人工時僵固性參數，探討在動態隨機一般均衡理論模型 (dynamic stochastic general equilibrium, DSGE) 的架構下，並以美國的總體資料探討彈性工時是否能拯救失業率，即在失業率上升時，彈性工時政策是否會降低失業率上升的波動幅度。根據模擬結果，不論是在面對反向生產技術衝擊或是正向貨幣政策衝擊，存在價格僵固性與勞動摩擦的情況下，就業率與每人工時皆會有抵換關係，且面對衝擊時，就業率與每人工時呈反向變動，在失業率上升的情況下，彈性工時無法拯救失業率，反而會使得失業率波動幅度上升。 We establish a closed economy model composed of households, intermediate goods firms, perfect competitive final goods firms and the government. This paper analyzes whether flexible working hours amplifies unemployment fluctuations when unemployment increases on the basis of Kolasa, Rubaszek and Walerych (2021) model. Different from their model, we consider the interaction between the hiring frictions and the price rigidities. Finally, after an expansionary monetary shock and an adverse neutral technology shock happening, we find that there is a trade-off between employment and working hours. The impulse responses of employment and working hours move in the opposite direction. When we discuss the model with hiring frictions and calibrate it by using the US data, we find that an increase in flexibility of working time amplifies unemployment fluctuations when unemployment increases. The result means that flexible working hours can not save jobs during recession.
參考文獻:	Balleer, Almut, Britta Gehrke, Wolfgang Lechthaler and Christian Merkl (2016), “Does short-time work save jobs? A business cycle analysis.” European Economic Review, 84, 99–122. Basu, Susanto and John G. Fernald (1997), “Returns to scale in US production: Estimates and implications.” Journal of Political Economy, 105, 249–283. Burnside, Craig (1996), “Production function regressions, returns to scale, and externalities.” Journal of Monetary Economics, 37, 177–201. Cacciatore, Matteo, Giuseppe Fiori and Nora Traum (2020), “Hours and employment over the business cycle: A structural analysis.” Review of Economic Dynamics, 35, 240–262. Chemin, Matthieu and Etienne Wasmer (2009), “Using Alsace-Moselle local laws to build a difference-in-differences estimation strategy of the employment effects of the thirty-five-hour workweek regulation in France.” Journal of Labor Economics, 27, 487-524. Chetty, Raj, Adam Guren, Day Manoli, and Andrea Weber (2013), “Does indivisible labor explain the difference between micro and macro elasticities? A meta-analysis of extensive margin elasticities.” NBER Macroeconomics Annual, 27, 1-56. Cooper, Russell, Moritz Meyer and Immo Schott (2017), “The employment and output effects of short-time work in Germany.” National Bureau of Economic Research, w23688. Crepon, Bruno and Francis Kramarz (2002), “Employed 40 hours or not-employed 39: Lessons from the 1982 workweek reduction in France.” Journal of Political Economy, 110, 1355–1389. Diamond, Peter A. (1982), “Aggregate demand management in search equilibrium.” The Journal of Political Economy, 90, 881–894. Faccini, Renato and Eran Yashiv (2015), “Frictions in DSGE Models: Revisiting New Keynesian vs New Classical Results.” Working Paper. Faccini, Renato and Eran Yashiv (2022), “The importance of hiring frictions in business Cycles.” Quantitative Economics, 13, 1101-1143. Faia, Ester, Wolfgang Lechthaler and Christian Merkl (2013), “Fiscal stimulus and labor market policies in Europe.” Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, 37, 483–499 Galí, Jordi (1999), “Technology, employment, and the business cycle: Do technology shocks explain aggregate fluctuations?” American Economic Review, 89, 249-271. Galí, Jordi (2011), “Monetary policy and unemployment.” Handbook of Monetary Economics Vol. 3A (Benjamin M. Friedman and Michael Woodford, eds.), 487–546. Hall, Robert E. (2005), “Employment fluctuations with equilibrium wage stickiness.”American Economic Review, 95, 50–65. Jackman, Richard, Richard Layard and Stephen Nickell (1999), “Combating unemployment: Is flexibility enough?” Tackling Unemployment, 257-288. Kolasa, Marcin., Michał Rubaszek and Małgorzata Walerych (2021), “Do flexible working hours amplify or stabilize unemployment fluctuations?” European Economic Review, 131, Article 103605. Krause, Michael U. and Harald Uhlig (2012), “Transitions in the German labor market: Structure and crisis.” Journal of Monetary Economics, 59, 64–79. Leduc, Sylvain and Zheng Liu (2016), “Uncertainty shocks are aggregate demand shocks.” Journal of Monetary Economics, 82, 20–35. Merz, Monika and Eran Yashiv (2007), “Labor and the market value of the firm.”American Economic Review, 97, 1419–1431. Millard, Stephen, Alexandra Varadi, and Eran Yashiv (2018), “Shock transmission and the interaction of financial and hiring frictions,” Bank of England Working Paper, 769. Mortensen, Dale T. and Christopher A. Pissarides (1994), “Job creation and job destruction in the theory of unemployment.” Review of Economic Studies, 61, 397–415. Mumtaz, Haroon and Francesco Zanetti (2015), “Factor adjustment costs: A structural Investigation.” Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, 51, 341–355. Ohanian, Lee E. and Andrea Raffo (2012), “Aggregate hours worked in OECD countries: New measurement and implications for business cycles.” Journal of Monetary Economics, 59, 40–56. Ravn, Morten O. and Saverio Simonelli (2007), “Labor market dynamics and the business cycle: Structural evidence of the United States.” Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 109, 743–777. Rotemberg, Julio (1982), “Monopolistic price adjustment and aggregate output.” Review of Economic Studies, 49, 517–531. Smets, Frank and Rafael Wouters (2007), “Shocks and frictions in US business cycles: A Bayesian DSGE approach.” American Economic Review, 97, 586–606. Thomas, Carlos (2008), “Search and matching frictions and optimal policy.” Journal of Monetary Economics, 55, 936–956. Trigari, Antonella (2009), “Equilibrium unemployment, job flows, and inflation dynamics.” Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 41, 1-33. Wieland, Johannes F. and Mu-Jeung Yang (2020), “Financial dampening.” Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking, 52, 79–113. Yashiv, Eran (2006), “Evaluating the performance of the search and matching model.” European Economic Review, 50, 909–936.
描述:	碩士國立政治大學經濟學系 110258041
資料來源:	http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0110258041
資料類型:	thesis
顯示於類別:	[經濟學系] 學位論文

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