政大機構典藏-National Chengchi University Institutional Repository(NCCUR):Item 140.119/145702

政大機構典藏-National Chengchi University Institutional Repository(NCCUR):Item 140.119/145702

English | 正體中文 | 简体中文 | Post-Print筆數 : 27 | 全文筆數/總筆數 : 113311/144292 (79%)
造訪人次 : 50943019 線上人數 : 947

RC Version 6.0 © Powered By DSPACE, MIT. Enhanced by NTU Library IR team.

搜尋範圍

查詢小技巧：

您可在西文檢索詞彙前後加上"雙引號"，以獲取較精準的檢索結果

若欲以作者姓名搜尋，建議至進階搜尋限定作者欄位，可獲得較完整資料

進階搜尋

主頁 ‧ 登入 ‧ 上傳 ‧ 說明 ‧ 關於政大典藏 ‧ 管理

到手機版

政大機構典藏 > 商學院 > 國際經營管理英語碩士學程IMBA > 學位論文 > Item 140.119/145702

請使用永久網址來引用或連結此文件: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/145702

題名:	自然資源與北極：從中國一帶一路架構分析 Securing natural resources: China and the Arctic in the frame of the Belt and Road Initiative
作者:	杜雪怡 Emilie, Dubernet
貢獻者:	冷則剛 Leng, Tse-Kang 杜雪怡 Dubernet Emilie
關鍵詞:	自然資源中國商業北極投資模式 Natural resources Chinese business Arctic Investments patterns
日期:	2023
上傳時間:	2023-07-06 15:15:45 (UTC+8)
摘要:	After expanding the Belt and Road Initiative to Africa and Latin America, China is now looking North, towards the Arctic. However, its increasing interest in this region has raised lots of suspicion from the Arctic states, and the West in general. Indeed, having self-claimed itself as a “Near-Arctic” State in 2018 and wanting to participate in the economic development of the region, some worry about aggressive domination and monopolization of the region’s possible natural resources. Yet, the reality states otherwise. Though present in the Arctic region through scientific cooperation, China’s mining and oil ventures are, most of the time, contested, halted and, abandoned. Its reputation in Africa and the rising tensions between Arctic states since the Russian invasion have put China’s plans for the High North on hold. Still, the Middle Kingdom has shown a clear interest it does not wish to be excluded from future developments in this region, especially in the exploitation of the northern sea route, given the rapid melting of the ice. Nonetheless, conscious of its need and dependency on petroleum, gas, and minerals, most of its investments in the energy industry are located in the Russian Arctic. While the region is facing more and more geopolitical instability with the adhesion of Finland to NATO and the remilitarization of the Russian Arctic, there is currently no China threat in terms of economic domination. Still, given Xi Jinping’s ambitions, belligerent attitude, and the concept of civil-military fusion, China’s true colors are yet to be seen in the next decade.
參考文獻:	OECD (2018, March 16). Mineral and Energy Resources. OECD.Stat. Retrieved March 4, 2023, from https://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?QueryId=76876 United Nations (2018, August 16). Remarks to Security Council on the Maintenance of International Peace and Security: The Root Causes of Conflict – The Role of Natural Resources. Retrieved March 6, 2023, from https://www.un.org/sg/en/content/sg/speeches/2018-10-16/maintenance-international-peace-and-security-remarks-security-Council (2022, July 12). The ABCs of Critical Minerals: Rare Earth Elements. Eureka Report. Retrieved March 6, 2023, from https://www.eurekareport.com.au/investment-news/the-abcs-of-critical-minerals-rare-earth-elements/151463 Dreyer, J. T. (2020, October 7). China’s Monopoly on Rare Earth Elements—And Why We Should Care. Foreign Policy Research Institute. Retrieved March 6, 2023, from https://www.fpri.org/Arcticle/2020/10/chinas-monopoly-on-rare-earth-elements-and-why-we-should-care/ (2022, October 24). China will continue to dominate the electric vehicle market by 2030 despite Biden’s new US EV tax credit, says GlobalData. Global Data. Retrieved March 6, 2023, from https://www.globaldata.com/media/thematic-research/china-will-continue-dominate-electric-vehicle-market-2030-despite-bidens-new-us-ev-tax-credit-says-globaldata/ Conte, N. (2022, August 30). Visualizing China’s Dominance in the Solar Panel Supply Chain. Visual Capitalist. Retrieved March 6, 2023, from https://www.visualcapitalist.com/visualizing-chinas-dominance-in-the-solar-panel-supply-chain/ Li, S. (2023, January 5). China warns of risk to critical resources, aims to strengthen domestic exploration and mining. South China Morning Post. Retrieved March 6, 2023, from https://www.scmp.com/economy/china-economy/Arcticle/3205689/china-warns-risk-critical-resources-aims-strengthen-domestic-exploration-and-mining Brennan, H., & Yu, G. (2018, March 26). China’s lithium supply chain strategy. Verisk Maplecroft. Retrieved March 6, 2023, from https://www.maplecroft.com/insights/analysis/chinas-lithium-supply-chain-strategy-solidify-diversify-and-control/ Zimmermann, A. (2023, March 15). Europe’s green dilemma: Mining key minerals without destroying nature. Politico. Retrieved March 20, 2023, from https://www.politico.eu/Arcticle/europes-green-dilemma-mining-key-minerals-without-destroying-nature/ Aizarani, J. (2023, January 31). Crude oil import volume in China 2020-2021, by country. Statista. Retrieved March 20, 2023, from https://www.statista.com/statistics/1310953/oil-imports-by-country-china/ (2023, March 20). Russia is China`s top crude supplier for Jan-Feb. Economic Times. Retrieved March 20, 2023, from https://auto.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/industry/russia-is-chinas-top-crude-supplier-for-jan-feb-volumes-up-23-8-yoy/98804399 Aizarani, J. (2023, January 31). Oil imports by country 2020-2021. Statista. Retrieved March 20, 2023, from https://www.statista.com/statistics/1310953/oil-imports-by-country-china/ Leung, K. C. (2023, February 21). Tackling China`s water shortage crisis. Earth.org. Retrieved March 20, 2023, from https://earth.org/tackling-chinas-water-shortage-crisis/ (2022, September 15). Moscow says power of Siberia 2 pipeline to China will replace Nord stream 2. Euronews. Retrieved March 20, 2023, from https://www.euronews.com/2022/09/15/moscow-says-power-of-siberia-2-pipeline-to-china-will-replace-nord-stream-2 Rogers, D. (2022, February 15). Russia to invest almost $100bn in gas pipelines to China. Global Construction Review. Retrieved March 20, 2023, from https://www.globalconstructionreview.com/russia-to-invest-almost-100bn-in-gas-pipelines-to-china/ (n.d.). Official Messages. CPEC Authority - Ministry of Planning, Development & Special Initiatives. Retrieved March 20, 2023, from https://cpec.gov.pk/official-messages (n.d.). The Belt and Road Initiative. Silk Road Briefing. Retrieved March 20, 2023, from https://www.silkroadbriefing.com/the-belt-and-road-initiative.html Abbasi, A. (2016, December 13). Gwadar: Route towards opportunity. Linkedin. Retrieved March 20, 2023, from https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/gwadar-route-towards-opportunity-abdullah-abbasi/ Roy, D. (2022, April 12). China`s Growing influence in Latin America. Council on Foreign Relations. Retrieved March 20, 2023, from https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/china-influence-latin-america-argentina-brazil-venezuela-security-energy-bri Benzijo, M. (2023, January 7). Pakistan`s port city Gwadar in chaos. The Diplomat. Retrieved March 20, 2023, from https://thediplomat.com/2023/01/pakistans-port-city-gwadar-in-chaos/ Shepard, W. (2020, January 29). How China`s Belt and Road became a global trail of trouble. Forbes. Retrieved March 20, 2023, from https://www.forbes.com/sites/wadeshepard/2020/01/29/how-chinas-belt-and-road-became-a-global-trail-of-trouble/?sh=9113e39443d7 Mooney, C. (2016, January 19). The North Pole is an insane 26 degrees warmer than normal as winter descends. New Delhi Television. Retrieved March 20, 2023, from https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/the-north-pole-is-an-insane-36-degrees-warmer-than-normal-as-winter-descends-1627445 (n.d.). The AntArctic treaty system. New Zealand Foregin Affairs and Trade. Retrieved March 20, 2023, from https://www.mfat.govt.nz/en/environment/antArctica-and-the-southern-ocean/the-antArctic-treaty-system/ Government of Canada (2022, June 8). Joint statement on limited resumption of Arctic Council cooperation. Retrieved March 20, 2023, from https://www.canada.ca/en/global-affairs/news/2022/06/joint-statement-on-limited-resumption-of-Arctic-Council-cooperation.html Moynihan, H. (2018, October 15). China expands its global governance ambitions in the Arctic. Chatham House. Retrieved March 20, 2023, from https://www.chathamhouse.org/2018/10/china-expands-its-global-governance-ambitions-Arctic (2019, May 6). Arctic nations need to adapt in `an arena of global power,` Pompeo says. CBC. Retrieved March 20, 2023, from https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/pompeo-Arctic-speech-finland-1.5124219 Rowe, M. (2022, August 12). Arctic nations are squaring up to exploit the region’s rich natural resources. Geographical. Retrieved March 20, 2023, from https://geographical.co.uk/geopolitics/the-world-is-gearing-up-to-mine-the-Arctic Pengelly, M. (2019, August 18). Trump confirms he is considering attempt to buy Greenland. The Guardian. Retrieved March 20, 2023, from https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/aug/18/trump-considering-buying-greenland (2023, January 13). Swedish mining company discovers Europe`s largest deposit of rare earth elements. Euronews. Retrieved April 1, 2023, from https://www.euronews.com/green/2023/01/13/swedish-mining-company-discovers-europes-largest-deposit-of-rare-earth-elements European Commission (n.d.). Critical raw materials. Retrieved April 1, 2023, from https://single-market-economy.ec.europa.eu/sectors/raw-materials/areas-specific-interest/critical-raw-materials_en (2023, March 1). Unlocking Sweden’s rare earths potential. Argus Media. Retrieved April 1, 2023, from https://www.argusmedia.com/en/news/2424855-lkab-qa-unlocking-swedens-rare-earths-potential (2017, August 22). Arctic natural resources. National Ocean Economics Program. Retrieved April 1, 2023, from https://www.oceaneconomics.org/Arctic/NaturalResources/ The State Council of the People`s Republic of China (2018, January 26). China`s Arctic Policy. Gov.cn. Retrieved April 1, 2023, from https://english.www.gov.cn/archive/white_paper/2018/01/26/content_281476026660336.htm (2019, November 20). The Arctic Sea Route. Navarino. Retrieved April 1, 2023, from https://www.navarino.co.uk/the-Arctic-sea-route/ (2022, February 15). How climate change transforms Arctic shipping: Key considerations. Safety 4 Sea. Retrieved April 1, 2023, from https://safety4sea.com/cm-how-climate-change-transforms-Arctic-shipping-key-considerations/ Goldstein, E. (2023, February 24). Eclipsed, Again: Russia`s Northern Sea Route Will Have to Wait. Harvard International Review. Retrieved April 1, 2023, from https://hir.harvard.edu/eclipsed-again-russias-northern-sea-route-will-have-to-wait/ (2021, October 19). New Polar Silk Roads Discussed At The Arctic Circle Assembly. Silk Road Briefing. Retrieved April 1, 2023, from https://www.silkroadbriefing.com/news/2021/10/19/new-polar-silk-roads-discussed-at-the-Arctic-circle-assembly/ Daye, C. (2023, February 6). Milestone for Russia`s Zarubino Port as ship with 10,000 tons of corn leaves for China. Global Times. Retrieved April 1, 2023, from https://www.globaltimes.cn/page/202302/1284926.shtml Bye, H. G. (2023, March 10). The Constant Calls for Port Bans Causes Great Uncertainty for Our Operations. High North News. Retrieved April 12, 2023, from https://www.highnorthnews.com/en/constant-calls-port-bans-causes-great-uncertainty-our-operations Vanderklippe, N. (2023, February 21). A tiny border town in Norway’s Arctic is one of Russia’s last links to Europe. The Globe and Mail. Retrieved April 12, 2023, from https://www.theglobeandmail.com/world/Arcticle-norway-Arctic-kirkenes-russian-ships/ Nilsen, T. (2023, February 25). Kirkenes` international reputation in jeopardy over Severomorsk friendship. The Barents Observer. Retrieved April 12, 2023, from https://thebarentsobserver.com/en/kirkenes/2023/02/international-investors Nilsen, T. (2020, March 5). The dream of an Arctic railway fades as Sami herders signal ‘veto’. Arctic Today. Retrieved April 12, 2023, from https://www.Arctictoday.com/the-dream-of-an-Arctic-railway-fades-as-sami-herders-signal-veto/?wallit_nosession=1 Staalesen, A. (2023, March 21). Arctic shipping and energy on Putin`s agenda with Xi Jinping. The Barents Observer. Retrieved April 12, 2023, from https://thebarentsobserver.com/en/industry-and-energy/2023/03/Arctic-energy-agenda-xi-meets-russian-pm-mishustin Humpert, M. (2023, March 24). Putin and Xi Discuss Further Deepening of Arctic Partnership. High North News. Retrieved April 12, 2023, from https://www.highnorthnews.com/en/putin-and-xi-discuss-further-deepening-Arctic-partnership (2022, October 27). China`s icebreaker Xuelong-2 sets sail for 39th AntArctic expedition. CGTN. Retrieved April 12, 2023, from https://news.cgtn.com/news/2022-10-26/China-s-icebreaker-Xuelong-2-sets-sail-for-39th-AntArctic-expedition-1erFYvEDveU/index.html (2023, April 6). Breaking the ice. Global Times. Retrieved April 12, 2023, from https://www.globaltimes.cn/page/202304/1288663.shtml Staalesen, A. (2022, June 17). As Russia turns towards Asia, this year`s first vessel heads east on Northern Sea Route. The Barents Observer. Retrieved April 12, 2023, from https://thebarentsobserver.com/en/industry-and-energy/2022/06/russia-turns-towards-asia-years-first-vessel-heads-east-northern-sea Xue, X. (2023, March 1). Reports: Canada Found, Retrieved Chinese Spy Buoys in Arctic. VOA News. Retrieved April 12, 2023, from https://www.voanews.com/a/reports-canada-found-retrieved-spy-buoys-in-Arctic/6985742.html Van Loon, K. (2023, March 21). The Like-Minded, The Willing... And The Belgians: Arctic Scientific Cooperation after February 24 2022. The Arctic Institute. Retrieved April 12, 2023, from https://www.theArcticinstitute.org/like-minded-willing-belgians-Arctic-scientific-cooperation-february-24-2022/ (2022, October 25). China Regional Snapshot: Arctic. Foreign Affairs Committee. Retrieved April 12, 2023, from https://foreignaffairs.house.gov/china-regional-snapshot-Arctic/ Rosen, M., & Thuringer, C. (2022, November 27). Unconstrained Foreign Direct Investment: An Emerging Challenge to Arctic Security. CNA. Retrieved April 12, 2023, from https://www.cna.org/archive/CNA_Files/pdf/cop-2017-u-015944-1rev.pdf Almén, O. (2022, June 1). China`s economic influence in the Arctic region. FOI. Retrieved April 12, 2023, from https://www.foi.se/rest-api/report/FOI-R--5326--SE Chinese embassy (2017, May 26). Wang Yi: Russia is an Important Strategic Partner of the Joint Construction of the "Belt and Road". China Embassy. Retrieved April 12, 2023, from http://ph.china-embassy.gov.cn/eng/chinew/201705/t20170531_1165363.htm (2023, October 3). Putin congratulates Xi on election as Chinese president. Xinhua News. Retrieved April 12, 2023, from https://english.news.cn/20230310/735e0a4b14f648a3b933e4e4cb51228a/c.html Chang, G. G. (2010, October 9). China’s Arctic Play. The Diplomat. Retrieved April 12, 2023, from https://thediplomat.com/2010/03/chinas-Arctic-play/ Zhou, L. (2022, May 20). Chinese firms ‘told to stop work on Russian Arctic LNG 2 project’ due to EU sanctions. South China Morning Post. Retrieved April 12, 2023, from https://www.scmp.com/news/china/diplomacy/Arcticle/3178572/chinese-firms-told-stop-work-russian-Arctic-lng-2-project-due Gopal, A. (2023, April 8). Xi Jinping’s visit to Moscow amidst the crisis. Modern Diplomacy. Retrieved April 12, 2023, from https://moderndiplomacy.eu/2023/04/08/xi-jinpings-visit-to-moscow-amidst-the-crisis/ (2022, December 9). TotalEnergies stays in Russia`s Yamal LNG. Reuters. Retrieved April 12, 2023, from https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/totalenergies-stays-russias-yamal-lng-source-2022-12-09/ Garside, J. (2022, December 9). TotalEnergies to ‘gradually withdraw’ from Russian investments. The Guardian. Retrieved April 12, 2023, from https://www.theguardian.com/business/2022/dec/09/total-energies-to-withdraw-from-russian-investments-ukraine Baczynska, G. (2023, March 29). Factbox: EU keeps on doing business with Russia despite sanctions. Reuters. Retrieved April 12, 2023, from https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/eu-keeps-doing-business-with-russia-despite-sanctions-2023-03-29/ (2022, September 30). What are the sanctions on Russia and are they hurting its economy? BBC. Retrieved April 12, 2023, from https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-60125659 Humpert, M. (2023, January 2). China Receives Late-Season LNG Deliveries from Russian Arctic Capping Off Record-Breaking Year. High North News. Retrieved April 12, 2023, from https://www.highnorthnews.com/en/china-receives-late-season-lng-deliveries-russian-Arctic-capping-record-breaking-year Humpert, M. (2023, February 7). Arctic LNG Producer Novatek In Talks To Supply Gas to India. High North News. Retrieved April 12, 2023, from https://www.highnorthnews.com/en/Arctic-lng-producer-novatek-talks-supply-gas-india Nilsen, T. (2017, December 29). Arkhangelsk governor confirms China as key Arctic partner. Arctic Today. Retrieved April 12, 2023, from https://www.Arctictoday.com/arkhangelsk-governor-confirms-china-as-key-Arctic-partner/?wallit_nosession=1 (2022, September 28). Belkomur railroad. There is a will, but no money. Railway Supply. Retrieved April 12, 2023, from https://www.railway.supply/en/belkomur-railroad-there-is-a-will-but-no-money/ (2009, June 16). Brown Justifies Use of Anti-Terrorism Act on Landsbanki. Iceland Review. Retrieved April 12, 2023, from https://www.icelandreview.com/news/brown-justifies-use-anti-terrorism-act-landsbanki/ (n.d.). Icesave dispute. Wikipedia. Retrieved April 12, 2023, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Icesave_dispute Zabarenko, D. (2013, April 16). China, India, Singapore could join new Arctic Circle forum. Reuters. Retrieved April 12, 2023, from https://www.reuters.com/Arcticle/us-Arctic-circle-idUKBRE93E1A320130415 Official Iceland government website (2013, April 15). Joint Statement between the Government of the People‘s Republic of China and the Government of Iceland on Comprehensively Deepening Bilateral Cooperation. Retrieved April 12, 2023, from https://www.government.is/media/forsaetisraduneyti-media/media/frettir1/Joint-statement-of-PMs-Iceland-China-2013.pdf (n.d.). Iceland: What is China doing there and why? Clingendael Report. Retrieved April 12, 2023, from https://www.clingendael.org/pub/2020/presence-before-power/3-iceland-what-is-china-doing-there-and-why/ (2019, September 4). Remarks by Vice President Pence in a Press Gaggle \| Reykjavik, Iceland. White House Archives. Retrieved April 12, 2023, from https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-vice-president-pence-press-gaggle-reykjavik-iceland/ (2011, November 28). China tycoon Huang Nubo angered by Iceland land move. BBC News. Retrieved March 3, 2023, from https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-15916486 Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People`s Republic of China (2022, July 5). Morgunblaðið Publishes an Arcticle by Ambassador He Rulong Entitled "My Impression on Iceland". Retrieved March 3, 2023, from https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjb_663304/zwjg_665342/zwbd_665378/202205/t20220507_10683087.html Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People`s Republic of China (2022, August 31). Fréttablaðið Carries an Arcticle by Chinese Ambassador to Iceland He Rulong Entitled "Taiwan Has Always Been Part of China". Retrieved March 3, 2023, from https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/eng/wjb_663304/zwjg_665342/zwbd_665378/202208/t20220831_10758448.html Doyle, A. (2016, June 3). Greenland will seek minerals until `last stone` turned: PM. Reuters. Retrieved March 3, 2023, from https://www.reuters.com/Arcticle/us-greenland-economy-idUKKCN0YP1TM Jiang, Y. (2021, November 17). Chinese investments in Greenland. Danish Institute for International Studies. Retrieved April 4, 2023, from https://www.reuters.com/Arcticle/us-greenland-economy-idUKKCN0YP1TM (2022, May 23). Chinese involvement in the Arctic minerals sector. Danish Institute for International Studies. Retrieved April 4, 2023, from https://www.diis.dk/en/event/chinese-involvement-in-the-Arctic-minerals-sector Møller, G. (2022, May 18). More Swedish towns cancel twin-city agreements with China. Scandasia. Retrieved April 4, 2023, from https://scandasia.com/more-swedish-towns-cancel-twin-city-agreements-with-china/ Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People`s Republic of China (2022, June 19). Reality Check: Falsehoods in US Perceptions of China. Retrieved April 4, 2023, from https://www.mfa.gov.cn/eng/wjbxw/202206/t20220619_10706059.html (2023, January 17). L’inflation et la sécheresse forcent Djibouti à interrompre le remboursement des prêts chinois. Africa Defense Forum. Retrieved April 4, 2023, from https://adf-magazine.com/fr/2023/01/linflation-et-la-secheresse-forcent-djibouti-a-interrompre-le-remboursement-des-prets-chinois/ Lanteigne, M. (2023, March 17). Asia-Arctic Diplomacy a Decade Later: What Has Changed? The Diplomat. Retrieved April 4, 2023, from https://thediplomat.com/2023/03/asia-Arctic-diplomacy-a-decade-later-what-has-changed/ (2021, July 20). Japan’s Saibu Gas gets first LNG cargo from Novatek’s Yamal project. LNG Prime. Retrieved April 4, 2023, from https://lngprime.com/asia/japans-saibu-gas-gets-first-lng-cargo-from-novateks-yamal-project/25142/ (2023, March 20). War In Ukraine Freezes The Arctic Council: How Will Asia Break The Ice? Eurasia Review. Retrieved April 4, 2023, from https://www.eurasiareview.com/20032023-war-in-ukraine-freezes-the-Arctic-Council-how-will-asia-break-the-ice-analysis/ Robinson, T. (2023, March 14). South Korea’s Nuclear Power Plans Leave Room for LNG Import Growth. Natural Gas Intel. Retrieved April 4, 2023, from https://www.naturalgasintel.com/south-koreas-nuclear-power-plans-leave-room-for-lng-import-growth/ Mandra, J. O. (2022, November 28). DSME terminates LNG carrier contract with a Russian client. Offshore Energy. Retrieved April 4, 2023, from https://www.offshore-energy.biz/dsme-terminates-lng-carrier-contract-with-a-russian-client/ Dutta, S. (2019, September 2). India, Russia working on new energy bridge. Times of India. Retrieved April 4, 2023, from https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/india-russia-working-on-new-energy-bridge-dharmendra-pradhan/Arcticleshow/70941174.cms Danilov, P. (2019, December 16). India has Entered the High North to Ascertain Global Reach, Says Expert on Polar Geopolitics. High North News. Retrieved April 4, 2023, from https://www.highnorthnews.com/en/india-has-entered-high-north-ascertain-global-reach-says-expert-polar-geopolitics Dahlburg, J. (1987, October 2). Gorbachev Calls For Peace, Cooperation in Arctic. AP News. Retrieved April 4, 2023, from https://apnews.com/Arcticle/ed8452a6d9b7a62f5138a73a9de89432 Staalesen, A. (2021, December 24). In Sergei Shoigu`s warmongering speech is a mention of the Arctic. The Barents Observer. Retrieved April 4, 2023, from https://thebarentsobserver.com/en/security/2021/12/sergei-shoigus-warmongering-speech-mention-Arctic Nilsen, T. (2019, December 19). Russia’s top General indirectly confirms Arctic deployment of the unstoppable Kinzhal missile. The Barents Observer. Retrieved April 4, 2023, from https://thebarentsobserver.com/en/security/2019/12/russias-top-general-indirectly-confirms-Arctic-deployment-unstoppable-missile Kjellén, J. (n.d.). The Russian Northern Fleet and the (Re)militarisation of the Arctic. Arctic Review. Retrieved April 4, 2023, from https://Arcticreview.no/index.php/Arctic/Arcticle/view/3338/6318 Lopez, T. (2021, January 5). DOD Closely Monitoring Russian Activities in Arctic. Retrieved April 4, 2023, from https://www.defense.gov/News/News-Stories/Arcticle/Arcticle/2561489/dod-closely-monitoring-russian-activities-in-Arctic/ US Department of Defense (2021, January 19). Regarding Arctic Dominance. Retrieved April 4, 2023, from https://www.army.mil/e2/downloads/rv7/about/2021_army_Arctic_strategy.pdf White House (2022, October 1). National Strategy for the Arctic region. Retrieved April 4, 2023, from https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/National-Strategy-for-the-Arctic-Region.pdf Ramesh, R. (2023, March 18). The US was prepared to bomb the Middle East into shape. In Ukraine, it seems no less self-serving. The Guardian. Retrieved April 4, 2023, from https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2023/mar/18/middle-east-ukraine-washington-iraq-kyiv Reich, A. (2023, January 24). 90 seconds to midnight: World closer to doomsday than ever - Doomsday Clock. Jerusalem Post. Retrieved April 4, 2023, from https://www.jpost.com/international/Arcticle-729470 Reich, A. (2022, March 24). Changes in the Arctic: Background and Issues for Congress. Retrieved April 4, 2023, from https://sgp.fas.org/crs/misc/R41153.pdf Brigham, L. (2014). The Changing Arctic New Realities and Players at the Top of the World. The National Bureau of Asian Research.
描述:	碩士國立政治大學國際經營管理英語碩士學位學程(IMBA) 111933055
資料來源:	http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0111933055
資料類型:	thesis
顯示於類別:	[國際經營管理英語碩士學程IMBA] 學位論文

文件中的檔案:

沒有與此文件相關的檔案.

在政大典藏中所有的資料項目都受到原著作權保護.

社群 sharing

著作權政策宣告 Copyright Announcement

1.本網站之數位內容為國立政治大學所收錄之機構典藏，無償提供學術研究與公眾教育等公益性使用，惟仍請適度，合理使用本網站之內容，以尊重著作權人之權益。商業上之利用，則請先取得著作權人之授權。
The digital content of this website is part of National Chengchi University Institutional Repository. It provides free access to academic research and public education for non-commercial use. Please utilize it in a proper and reasonable manner and respect the rights of copyright owners. For commercial use, please obtain authorization from the copyright owner in advance.

2.本網站之製作，已盡力防止侵害著作權人之權益，如仍發現本網站之數位內容有侵害著作權人權益情事者，請權利人通知本網站維護人員(nccur@nccu.edu.tw)，維護人員將立即採取移除該數位著作等補救措施。
NCCU Institutional Repository is made to protect the interests of copyright owners. If you believe that any material on the website infringes copyright, please contact our staff(nccur@nccu.edu.tw). We will remove the work from the repository and investigate your claim.

DSpace Software Copyright © 2002-2004 MIT & Hewlett-Packard / Enhanced by NTU Library IR team Copyright © - 回饋