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    題名: 台灣再生能源指數型保險之研究
    Essays on index-based renewable energy insurance for Taiwan
    作者: 廖士傑
    Liao, Shih-Chieh
    貢獻者: 張士傑
    Chang, Shih-Chieh
    廖士傑
    Liao, Shih-Chieh
    關鍵詞: 再生能源
    指數型保險
    離岸風力發電場
    太陽能發電廠
    天氣時機
    天氣停工
    Renewable energy
    Index-based insurance
    Offshore wind farm
    Solar PV power plant
    Weather window
    Weather downtime
    日期: 2022
    上傳時間: 2022-12-02 15:17:33 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 本論文由三篇指數型保險的研究，運用於台灣再生能源風險管理相關議題所構成。台灣政府規劃於2025年，再生能源的發電量可以達到供應總發電需求的百分之二十。達成這個目標，需要加速發展運用再生能源發電，並達到一定的規模才可能實現。減少燃煤，增加天然氣與再生能源的發電比重，是台灣的能源政策，並完成非核家園的理想。離岸風力與太陽能發電對於台灣的再生能源發展，扮演至關重要的角色。離岸風力預計在2021至2025年間併網發電5.7GW，於2026至2035年間，另規劃再增加10GW併網發電量。太陽能規劃在2025年達到14.2GW發電量。
    再生能源專案的發電機組壽命約20至25年，在整個專案過程中，會一直面臨不同的動態風險，所以其相對應的保險要求具專業且複雜度高。不論是開發商、承包商、投資者與貸款人都需要有相當程度的知識並了解其所面臨的風險特性與程度。指數型保險設計是多元的，可以運用在分散再生能源初期的融資風險，也可以擴及整個運營階段。再生能源所產生的發電量多寡，主要是依靠天然的可再生來源。因此，風速太弱或是太陽輻射度不足，皆會造成再生能源發電營收的波動。因為可再生資源有天然的間歇特性，投資者與貸款人一般評估再生能源專案的穩定獲利風險度較高，因此安排專案融資的難度也較高。
    指數型保險的設計可以運用於管理再生能源發電量的波動風險，以第三方機構所提供天氣指數資料，按照離岸風力發電場的場址或太陽能發電廠的廠址與配置發電機組能量，利用歷史資料庫去模擬再生能源波動所造成的發電量波動風險，並進而訂出保險觸發等賠付條件。第一章的指數型保險設計，著重在承保離岸風力發電量的波動風險，而第二章的指數型保險內容，運用在管理太陽能發電量的波動風險。
    運營階段在離岸風力發電專案的總成本支出，佔有相當大的比例。離岸風電工作船舶在執行運營活動時，必須考量可執行度與安全性。若受到氣候不佳因素的影響，例如浪高超過船舶的設計限制等，會導致運營作業無法執行，進而造成不同程度的費用負擔。第三章的研究內容關於浪高風險對離岸風電工作船舶所造成的停工損失，藉由指數型保險的設計，運用保險的安排，藉以分散因為天氣風險導致停工的費用損失。
    This dissertation includes three essays regarding index-based insurance applications for renewable energy. Renewable energy is crucial to secure a clean energy transition and help to limit global warming. Taiwan plans to generate 20% of its total energy capacity from renewable energy by 2025, and the share of renewable sources in the power sector needs to be rapidly scaled up. The overall energy policy calls for significantly less coal, more LNG, increased renewables, and a homeland with nuclear-free. Offshore wind energy and solar PV power play an important role; Taiwan will add 5.7GW of allocated already offshore wind power to the grid between 2021 and 2025. Between 2026-2035, an additional 10GW of offshore wind will be added to the grid. For solar PV power, Taiwan will add 14.2 GW by 2025.
    Renewable energy projects face dynamic risk exposure for different risks throughout their life cycle that can contribute to a complex insurance environment requiring detailed knowledge and understanding from stakeholders such as developers, contractors, investors, and lenders. Index-based insurance can provide coverage opportunities for the complete life cycle of renewable energy projects from the beginning financing stage to operational exposures.
    Renewable energy generation is dependent upon natural resources. Therefore, excess or lack of wind speeds and solar radiation shortfalls can lead to revenue variability. In addition, because of intermittency, investors and lenders consider renewable energy projects risky investments and can face difficulties in securing financing. Index-based solutions can cover the renewable energy production volatility. Triggers based on objective and third-party data customized to the insured`s site, offshore wind farm or solar PV power plant generation technology, and historical index dataset, index insurance can protect against loss of energy production due to the volatility of natural resources. Chapters 1 and 2 design index insurance products to manage the volatility risk for offshore wind and solar PV power production.
    Operation and maintenance (O&M) activities are a big part of the total costs for offshore wind farms. However, weather-related risks such as high waves can result in time spent waiting out unfavorable weather conditions until planned works can recommence for safety reasons. That causes a costly impact on O&M. Chapter 3 designs index insurance to manage the logistical and financial risks caused by the weather downtime for offshore wind farm O&M activities.
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    描述: 博士
    國立政治大學
    風險管理與保險學系
    105358503
    資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0105358503
    資料類型: thesis
    DOI: 10.6814/NCCU202201695
    顯示於類別:[風險管理與保險學系] 學位論文

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