政大機構典藏-National Chengchi University Institutional Repository(NCCUR):Item 140.119/141608

政大機構典藏-National Chengchi University Institutional Repository(NCCUR):Item 140.119/141608

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题名:	替代計量Altmetrics在大學圖書館應用之研究 A Study of Altmetrics Applications in Academic Libraries
作者:	曾苓莉 Tseng, Ling-Li
贡献者:	蔡明月 Tsay, Ming-Yueh 曾苓莉 Tseng, Ling-Li
关键词:	替代計量大學圖書館學術傳播學術研究評估資訊服務 Altmetrics Academic library Scholarly communication Research assessment Information service
日期:	2022
上传时间:	2022-09-02 14:58:16 (UTC+8)
摘要:	替代計量Altmetrics為建立在社群媒體與開放近用平臺，分析與公告科學交流活動與科學研究成果的新興計量學，近年來引起學術社群廣泛重視並密切關注未來發展。本研究主要由資訊服務提供者的觀點，探討Altmetrics在大學圖書館之應用，了解Altmetrics資訊服務面臨的困難與挑戰，並提出相關改善方案與發展方向，以提供國內大學圖書館發展Altmetrics資訊服務相關建議，希望能促進大學圖書館工作人員對於Altmetrics在圖書資訊服務實務應用方面有更進一步的認識與了解。本研究之研究目的包含：1.探索Altmetrics發展歷史，以及Altmetrics工具、指標類型，與數據品質標準規範相關議題。2.了解大學圖書館與大學圖書館館員在Altmetrics資訊傳播過程的定位與角色，以及大學圖書館提供Altmetrics資訊服務的重要性。3.分析大學圖書館Altmetrics資訊服務的要項與服務內容。4.探討Altmetrics在國內外大學圖書館的應用發展現況，比較二者差異之處，並解析差異生成主要原因。5.以資訊服務提供者觀點，探討國內大學圖書館提供學者與研究人員Altmetrics資訊服務應考量之問題，以及分析目前遭遇到的困難與挑戰，並提出相關建議與解決方案。本研究運用四種研究方法：首先，以文獻分析法探討Altmetrics主題文獻資料；再者，使用內容分析法解析美國《卡內基高等教育機構分類表》之博士型研究第一級（R1VH）131所大學圖書館網站Altmetrics資訊服務項目與服務內容；繼以，利用歷史研究法分析Altmetrics在臺灣發展的文獻史料與事實性資訊；最終，運用深度訪談法訪談17位涉入國內大學圖書館Altmetrics資訊服務相關專業人士，包含大學圖書館館長與館員、圖書資訊學領域學者專家、學術內容出版商，以及Altmetrics集成商。本研究之研究結果與發現，包含：1. 美國大學圖書館重視且普遍落實Altmetrics資訊服務，並且提供多樣性服務內容。在131所研究對象圖書館中，總計有120所提供Altmetrics資訊服務，比例高達九成一。2. 美國大學圖書館提供之Altmetrics資訊服務類型，最多為「舉辦或提供Altmetrics相關活動」有將近七成，其次是「Altmetrics主題資源指引提供」與「機構典藏或Academic Hub應用Altmetrics」約近六成，「圖書館研究影響力服務內容包含Altmetrics」則僅有三成七。3. 美國大學圖書館Altmetrics資訊服務成功實踐之關鍵因素為：（1）大學教師與研究人員使用社群媒體進行學術交流活動的比例增加。（2）美國國家科學基金會（National Science Foundation, NSF）已正式將Altmetrics列為申請研究計畫獎勵與補助之附件資料。（3）各大學圖書館在推動Altmetrics資訊服務的分享與協作。（4）Altmetrics集成商提供豐富的推廣素材。（5）多數商業性機構典藏系統與學術內容出版商已提供Altmetrics數據。4. Altmetrics資訊服務在國內大學圖書館未獲廣泛運用，投入Altmetrics資訊服務之圖書館大多致力於機構典藏系統功能的Altmetrics介接，後續卻缺乏實施讀者的推廣與利用教育，造成一種「重系統，輕服務」之現象。5.國內大學圖書館Altmetrics資訊服務面臨的困境與挑戰主要有「Altmetrics自身的缺點與限制」、「Altmetrics未被列為正式學術評鑑指標」，以及「大學圖書館館長與館員欠缺Altmetrics專業知識，且受限於人力與經費」。6.國內大學圖書館Altmetrics資訊服務困境改善方案為「爭取教育部與學校上級的重視與支持」、「開展多元化策略聯盟，加強彼此合作」、以及「強化大學圖書館館員Altmetrics教育訓練」。6.影響美國與國內大學圖書館Altmetrics資訊服務發展差異之原因，主要有：（1）研究計畫獎勵與補助機構對於Altmetrics之政策：是否將Altmetrics列入申請補充資料。（2）Altmetrics工具收錄資訊源：現行Altmetrics工具資訊來源為西方主流社群媒體，內容多以西方世界為視角，缺乏臺灣在地化資料。（3）學者與研究人員資訊行為：與美國相較，國內大學教師與研究人員，較少利用網路學術社群，分享學術研發成果。本研究根據研究結果與研究發現，提出「組成Altmetrics研究興趣小組」、「發展本土化Altmetrics工具」、「製作Altmetrics資訊服務最佳實踐指引」、「持續提供館員教育訓練」，以及「積極申請國家級整合型發展計畫」等相關建議。若干Altmetrics相關議題仍有待探索，本研究提出後續研究者可針對「Altmetrics資訊使用者研究」、「Altmetrics在圖書館技術服務之應用」、「Altmetrics集成商相關研究」、「Altmetrics資訊源類型與指標權重探析」、與「Altmetrics在數位策展與研究資料管理系統之運用」進行更為深入的研究探析。 Altmetrics is an emerging metric built on social media and open access platforms to analyze and announce scientific communication activities and scientific research results, which has attracted much attention from the scholarly community in recent years and has been closely monitored for future development. This study focuses on the application of Altmetrics in academic libraries from the viewpoint of information service providers to understand the difficulties and challenges faced by Altmetrics information services. Relevant improvement solutions and development directions are proposed to provide suggestions for the development of Altmetrics information services in academic libraries in Taiwan. It is expected that this will help academic library staff to have a better understanding of the practical application of Altmetrics in library information services. The research purposes of this study included: (1) to explore the development history of Altmetrics and Altmetrics tools, types of indicators, and the issues related to data quality standards and specifications; (2) to understand the positioning and roles of academic libraries and academic librarians in the process of Altmetrics information dissemination, and the importance of the provision of Altmetrics information services in academic libraries; (3) to analyze the essentials and contents of Altmetrics information services in academic libraries; (4) to discuss the present situation of the application and development of Altmetrics in academic libraries at home and abroad, compare the differences between them, and analyze the main reasons for the differences; (5) to discuss the problems that should be considered by the academic libraries in Taiwan in providing Altmetrics information services to scholars and researchers from the point of information service providers, analyze the difficulties and challenges encountered at present, and propose relevant suggestions and solutions. This study employed four research methods. First, a literature review was used to explore the literature data on the topic of Altmetrics. Second, content analysis was used to analyze the service items and contents of Altmetrics information services at the websites of the libraries of 131 universities (R1VH) in the Carnegie Classification of Institute of Higher Education in the United States. Then, historical research was used to analyze the documentary history and information about the development of Altmetrics in Taiwan. Finally, in-depth interviews were conducted with 17 professionals involved in Altmetrics information services at academic libraries in Taiwan, including university chief librarians and librarians, library information specialists, scholarly publishers, and Altmetrics aggregators. The research results and findings of this study include the following. 1) U.S. academic libraries value and generally implement Altmetrics information services, and provide a variety of services. Among the research subjects of the 131 libraries in this study, 120 of them provided Altmetrics information services, accounting for 91% of the total. 2) The most common type of Altmetrics information service provided by U.S. academic libraries was "organizing or providing Altmetrics-related events", which was provided by nearly 70% of all of them, followed by "providing research guides to Altmetrics subject resources" and "application of Altmetrics in institutional repositories or Academic Hubs" by nearly 60%, while only 37% of them had "Altmetrics incorporated in library research impact services". 3) The key factors for the successful practice of Altmetrics information services in U.S. academic libraries are: (1) the increased use of social media by university faculty and researchers for scholarly communication activities. (2) The National Science Foundation (NSF) has officially included Altmetrics as the data in the attachment to research awards and grants. (3) Academic libraries are promoting the sharing and collaboration of Altmetrics information services. (4) Altmetrics aggregators provide a wealth of promotional materials. (5) Most commercial repositories systems and scholarly publishers already provide Altmetrics data. 4) Altmetrics information services are not widely used in academic libraries in Taiwan, most of the libraries that have invested in Altmetrics information services are dedicated to Altmetrics tools of institutional repositories, but subsequently lack the implementation of reader promotion and utilization education, resulting in a phenomenon of "emphasis on systems while neglecting services". 5) The difficulties and challenges facing Altmetrics information services in academic libraries in Taiwan include "the shortcomings and limitations of Altmetrics ", "Altmetrics is not included as an official research assessment indicator", and "university chief librarians and librarians lack Altmetrics expertise and are limited by manpower and funding". 6) The solutions to improve the Altmetrics information service dilemma in university libraries in Taiwan are "to seek the attention and support of the Ministry of Education and the higher authorities of the university", "to develop diversified strategic alliances and strengthen the mutual cooperation", and "to strengthen the education and training on Altmetrics for academic librarians". 7) The main reasons affecting the difference in the development of Altmetrics information services between academic libraries in the United States and Taiwan are the following. (1) The policy of research program awarding and granting agencies on Altmetrics: whether to include Altmetrics in the supplementary information of the application. (2) Information sources of Altmetrics tools: the current Altmetrics tools are based on Western mainstream social media, and the contents are mostly from the Western world perspective, and lack of localized information in Taiwan. (3) Information behavior of scholars and researchers: compared with the United States, university faculty and researchers in Taiwan are less likely to use online academic communities to share academic research results. Based on the research results and findings, this study proposed to "form Altmetrics research interest groups", "develop localized Altmetrics tools", "produce best practice guidelines for Altmetrics information services", "provide continuous librarian education and training", and "actively apply for national integrated development programs". Several Altmetrics-related topics remain to be explored, and this study suggests that subsequent researchers could conduct more in-depth research and analysis on "research on Altmetrics information users", "application of Altmetrics in library technology services", "Altmetrics aggregator-related research", "exploration on Altmetrics information source types and indicator weights", and "application of Altmetrics in digital exhibition planning and research data management systems".
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